108 results about "Insulin resistance" patented technology

The invention discloses an insulin resistance early detection method, system, equipment and medium, and the method comprises the following steps: screening an obtained insulin resistance potential factor and an insulin resistance result corresponding to a first to-be-detected sample individual to obtain a key detection factor; different to-be-screened neural network models are evaluated to determine a to-be-optimized detection model, and the evaluation process is designed to perform screening according to feedback of the different to-be-screened neural network models in clinical prediction. And based on the key detection factor and the insulin resistance result, carrying out interpretability analysis on the to-be-optimized detection model to obtain a target insulin resistance detection model, and applying the target insulin resistance detection model to actual insulin resistance early detection. The method provided by the invention is low in detection cost, simple in operation steps and high in detection accuracy, and the insulin resistance risk is identified in an early stage by analyzing conventional physical examination data.

The invention provides a composition for assisting in reducing blood sugar and improving insulin resistance and a preparation method of the composition, and relates to the technical field of functional fiber processing. The composition for assisting in reducing blood sugar and improving insulin resistance comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of depolymerization type composite cereal fibers, 3-5 parts of konjac fibers, 3-5 parts of psyllium husk powder, 2-3 parts of sesame powder, 1-2 parts of xylitol and 0.1-0.5 part of vitamin C, the mass ratio of wheat fiber to corn fiber to sweet potato fiber to pea fiber in the depolymerization type composite grain fiber is (25-30): (35-40): (20-25): (10-15). The composition disclosed by the invention can assist in reducing blood sugar and has a good effect of improving insulin resistance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to application of 1, 3-propane diamine or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in preparation of medicines for preventing or treating diabetes. Experimental results show that 1, 3-propane diamine can obviously improve random blood glucose and fasting blood glucose of mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and 1, 3-propane diamine can obviously improve insulin resistance of model mice. According to the application, 1, 3-propane diamine is used for improving the blood sugar of patients with type 2 diabetes for the first time, an ideal treatment effect is achieved, a new treatment choice is provided for improving the blood sugar level through clinical application of 1, 3-propane diamine, and the application has extremely high application value and social benefits.

The invention discloses an insulin resistance prediction method, system and device, a medium and a program product, and the method comprises the steps: classifying an original data set into cost feature data and cost-free feature data, obtaining a first prediction model and a second prediction model, the first prediction model is obtained by training based on the cost feature data and the cost-free feature data, and the second prediction model is obtained by training based on the cost-free feature data, and determining a first type of users and a second type of users in the to-be-predicted users, and inputting the first type of user data and the second type of user data into the first prediction model and the second prediction model respectively to carry out insulin resistance prediction, so that corresponding prediction models are provided for different user groups, and accurate prediction of insulin resistance is realized in combination with questionnaire data and medical data. High-cost insulin resistance detection is not needed, so that the medical cost is effectively reduced, and the risk screening capability is improved.

The invention provides an application of liquiritin in preparation of a PPAR gamma receptor partial agonist. Through a structure-based high-throughput virtual screening technology, it is found that liquiritin can be used as a partial agonist of a PPAR gamma receptor, and the relative activation efficiency of liquiritin is 35.9% of that of rosiglitazone; in-vitro experiments prove that liquiritin can remarkably promote glucose uptake and consumption of HepG2 cells and does not induce adipocyte differentiation; in-vivo experiments prove that liquiritin can effectively improve the blood glucose level of an insulin resistance mouse model induced by high fat diet and reduce the level of serum proinflammatory factors. Compared with thiazolidinedione compounds, liquiritin not only can relieve and treat insulin resistance or related metabolic diseases, but also does not cause adverse reactions such as weight gain, fat accumulation and myocardial hypertrophy, provides a new candidate compound for developing safe and effective anti-diabetic drugs, and has a wide application prospect.

In one aspect, a method of suppressing expression of JunB in BAT adipocytes is disclosed. In another aspect, a method of interfering with JunB binding to a tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-responsive element (TRE) is disclosed. In either aspect, the methods may be used to increase high-thermogenic adipocytes in brown adipose tissue (BAT), decrease low-thermogenic adipocytes in brown adipose tissue (BAT), enhance basal or cold-induced energy expenditure in a subject, treat diet-induced obesity in a subject, and / or treat insulin resistance in a subject.

The invention provides a tea composition capable of reducing blood sugar as well as a preparation method and application of the tea composition, and belongs to the technical field of tea compositions. The tea comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of white tea, 1-9 parts of roses, 1-9 parts of guava leaf tea, 1-5 parts of mulberry leaves, 1-5 parts of ampelopsis grossedentata and 1-5 parts of cyclocarya paliurus. The tea has the effects of reducing postprandial blood sugar, stabilizing and controlling sugar, relaxing bowel, relieving constipation and reducing weight, and tea soup is rich in fragrance, pure in taste and long in aftertaste. According to the invention, chronic disease management requirements can be provided for patients with chronic diseases such as insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and long-term constipation, and significant benefits are brought to health management. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can relieve the medical resource pressure caused by lifelong medication of diabetic patients at present, improves the life quality of the patients, and provides an example for exploring the application of natural medicines in chronic disease treatment.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical preparations, in particular to a pumpkin extract composition, a preparation method and application of the pumpkin extract composition in oral liquid. The composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 30 parts of pumpkin extract nanoparticles, 10 to 20 parts of radix astragali seu hedysari extract, 5 to 15 parts of fructus crataegi extract, 5 to 15 parts of bitter gourd extract, 5 to 10 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract and 5 to 10 parts of fructus lycii extract. The invention also provides a preparation method of the composition. Compared with the prior art, the composition prepared by the invention can improve insulin resistance and reduce the blood sugar level through multiple channels, not only can regulate the blood sugar level, but also can generate positive influence on complications of diabetes mellitus.

The subject invention pertains to a method that involves at least three steps: (1) acquisition of a NMR data set or spin relaxation curve for plasma, serum or whole blood samples, (2) analysis of the NMR data or relaxation curve to extract the T2 relaxation times for water (or surrogates thereof), and (3) conversion of the water T2 (or surrogates thereof) into a measure of someone's health status (referred to as a T2 health score depending on the T2 value associated with the score). The T2 health score utilizes a statistical database derived from previous studies of subjects of normal, healthy individuals to those having varying degrees of hidden or subclinical metabolic abnormalities, such as inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid abnormalities (dyslipidemia), oxidative stress or other abnormalities, and provides a measure of a subject's overall health status.

A computing system, a computer implemented method, and a wearable computing device to predict insulin resistance in a wearer of the wearable computing device without requiring additional invasive testing other than test data that may already be available, although not required, is provided. For instance, a machine-learned model is trained to predict insulin resistance in the wearer of the wearable computing device based at least in part on non-invasive biometric data associated with the wearer. Then, one or more non-transitory computer-readable media cause the computing system to perform operations via one or more processors. The operations include receiving the non-invasive biometric data from one or more sensors associated with the wearable computing device; and implementing the machine-learned model to determine if the non-invasive biometric data associated with the wearer is indicative of insulin resistance.

Provided is a use of Staphylococcus lentus with an accession number of GDMCC 1.247 in preparation of a composition for preventing and treating insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. This strain can significantly reduce the weight gain induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), improve the glucose tolerance, promote the insulin secretion, improve the insulin resistance, and significantly improve the immunity and inflammation.

The invention discloses polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of plant polysaccharide extraction. The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicine, in particular to polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide is composed of fructose and glucose according to the molar ratio of 27.5: 1, the main chain of the polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide is of a 1-beta-D-Fruf-(2-) structure, and the side chain of the polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide comprises-> 6-beta-D-Fruf-(2-) and-> 1, 6-beta-D-Fruf-(2-). The polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide provided by the invention has the activity of reducing blood sugar, reducing blood fat and relieving insulin resistance, and has a wide application prospect in the aspect of developing functional foods or medicines for adjuvant therapy of diabetes mellitus.

The invention discloses a camelina sativa seed meal oligosaccharide extract capable of regulating blood sugar and a preparation method of the camelina sativa seed meal oligosaccharide extract, and the camelina sativa seed meal oligosaccharide extract is extracted from camelina sativa seed meal through fermentation, heating extraction, cooling alcohol precipitation and enzymolysis. Comprising a camelina seed meal oligosaccharide extract and a cortex fraxini iridoid component extract. The cortex fraxini iridoid component extract is obtained through microwave-assisted enzymolysis extraction and purification; the invention further discloses application of the blood sugar reducing composition in blood sugar reducing food, medicine or health care products. The camelina seed meal oligosaccharide extract, the cortex fraxini iridoid component extract and the hypoglycemic composition have inhibition ability on alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase, can improve glucose consumption, glycogen content and glycolysis key enzyme activity, effectively improve insulin resistance, improve oxidative stress, regulate intestinal flora structure, and improve the blood sugar level, so that the hypoglycemic effect of the composition is improved. The traditional Chinese medicine is safe and non-toxic and has a good effect on treating diabetes and complications.

The invention belongs to the field of functional substance research, and particularly relates to a corn extract for promoting GLP-1 secretion and a preparation method and application thereof. The corn extract provided by the invention is a dry product obtained by soaking dry powder of fresh corn kernels in ethanol or an ethanol water solution at room temperature and then performing ultrasonic extraction; the fresh corn comprises yellow and sweet corn; the temperature of the ultrasonic extraction is 30-60 DEG C; the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 50 to 150W; the ultrasonic extraction time is 30 to 90 minutes. The preparation method of the corn extract provided by the invention is simple and easy to implement, and the production cost of functional components can be effectively reduced. The corn extract provided by the invention can effectively promote intestinal L cells to secrete GLP-1 in a healthy state and an insulin-resistant state, and synchronously improve the cell viability.

The invention provides a specific full-nutrient formula food applied to diet-restricted diabetes mellitus groups, and belongs to the technical field of formula foods for special medical purposes. According to the product, marine active substances and medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicine extracts are innovatively compounded, and a multi-probiotic microencapsulation technology is combined, so that a specific full-nutrition formula with the functions of regulating blood sugar, improving insulin resistance and protecting target organ functions is formed. The formula comprises marine active ingredients such as marine collagen tripeptide, a sea cucumber saponin extract and fucoidan as well as medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicine extracts such as mulberry leaves, rhizoma polygonati and radix puerariae, and oligopeptide, amino acid, multivitamins and mineral substances in a specific proportion are matched. Probiotics are protected by adopting a three-layer microencapsulation technology to pass through a gastric acid environment, active ingredients are reserved by utilizing a low-temperature enzymolysis and molecular directed extraction technology, and the nutritional status and blood sugar control of diabetic patients can be remarkably improved through clinical verification. The product conforms to the GB 29922-2013 special medical purpose formula food standard, can be used as a single nutrition source for diabetics, and meets the special nutrition requirements of the diabetics.

The invention discloses a functional solid beverage capable of reducing fat, losing weight and conditioning five highs. According to the functional solid beverage, dietary fibers such as fructo-oligosaccharide, inulin and the like are used for regulating intestinal flora, a white kidney bean extract is used for inhibiting the activity of alpha-amylase, L-carnitine is used for promoting fat transport, and medicinal and edible components such as ginseng, lotus leaves and the like are matched to realize multi-way metabolism regulation. The weight percentage of each component can be adjusted within a specified range so as to adapt to different physique requirements. Animal experiments prove that the total cholesterol (TC) of serum can be obviously reduced by 21.3-25.8% and the triglyceride (TG) can be obviously reduced by 28.9-34.2% after the traditional Chinese medicine is continuously taken for 4 weeks, and meanwhile, the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) can be improved to 16.5-20.3%.

The present invention provides a method for preparing an animal model of insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism caused by mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia, by injecting poloxamer 407 solution into the mouse peritoneal cavity at a dose of 25-100 mg per kilogram of mouse, administering the drug once every other day for 12 consecutive weeks, and continuously monitoring blood lipid and blood glucose levels. The preferred dose of the present invention is 75 mg per kilogram of mouse. The present invention also provides the use of the animal model in screening and preparing drugs for treating insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism caused by mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia. The present invention simulates insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism directly caused by mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia. Compared with traditional high-fat diets or gene knockout models, triglyceride levels are precisely regulated by chemical intervention, avoiding factors such as obesity and inflammation and the risk of genetic manipulation, and having high controllability and efficiency.

The invention belongs to the technical field of polysaccharides, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of mung bean sprout dietary fibers. The monosaccharide of the dietary fiber mainly comprises fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose and mannose, and the molar ratio of the fucose to the arabinose to the galactose to the glucose to the mannose is 12.28: 2.60: 27.59: 7.06: 50.47. The structural unit is formed by mutually connecting-> 6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->,-> 5)-alpha-L-Araf-(1->,-> 3, 6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-> and the like to form a main chain, and a branch chain is mainly formed by connecting beta-D-Manp-(1-> to an O-3 position of a sugar residue-> 3, 6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-> and the like. In-vitro cell experiments prove that the dietary fiber can improve the insulin resistance state of HepG2 cells, the glucose consumption and the cell glycogen synthesis effect are improved, the activity of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase is improved, and the dietary fiber has no toxic effect influence on the cell growth activity in vitro. Therefore, the dietary fiber has a potential effect of improving insulin resistance, and is expected to become a functional food raw material for treating diabetes.

The application discloses a composition containing burdock polysaccharide for reducing blood sugar of type 2 diabetes patients and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of medicine and food. The composition contains burdock polysaccharide, chitooligosaccharide, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, resveratrol, ginsenoside Rd, and vitamin D, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, magnesium glycinate and thaumatin protein. The application takes burdock polysaccharide as a core long-acting component, takes chitooligosaccharide as a short-acting synergistic component, constructs a long-short-acting synergistic blood sugar reducing system, and realizes the organic combination of rapid blood sugar reduction and stable blood sugar control. Experiments show that the composition can significantly reduce the fasting blood sugar of type 2 diabetes model rats, improve insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, reduce blood lipid and inflammatory factor levels, and reduce oxidative stress damage. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity and in-vivo comprehensive blood sugar reducing effect of the composition are better than those of single burdock polysaccharide, and the composition has good taste and is suitable for long-term use of diabetes patients.

The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine compositions, and particularly discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for detoxifying, dredging collaterals, eliminating paste and stabilizing sugar and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 to 15g of rhizoma coptidis, 6 to 10g of wine-treated rhubarb, 15 to 30g of radix astragali seu hedysari, 12 to 15g of radix salviae miltiorrhizae, 12 to 20g of radix paeoniae rubra, 6 to 10g of radix bupleuri, 6 to 10 parts of herba artemisiae scopariae, 7 to 15 parts of fructus crataegi and 7 to 15 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae. The detoxifying, collateral dredging, ointment eliminating and sugar stabilizing traditional Chinese medicine composition can achieve the effects of reducing blood sugar fluctuation and lipid deposition on the basis of achieving the effects of reducing blood sugar and improving the insulin resistance level, can effectively reduce the dosage of compound medicine for a patient so as to improve the compliance of the patient, is safe and effective, delays the occurrence of diabetes complicated diseases and complications, and has a wide application prospect. And the living quality of the patient is improved.

A computing system, a computer implemented method, and a wearable computing device to predict insulin resistance in a wearer of the wearable computing device without requiring additional invasive testing other than test data that may already be available, although not required, is provided. For instance, a machine-learned model is trained to predict insulin resistance in the wearer of the wearable computing device based at least in part on non-invasive biometric data associated with the wearer. Then, one or more non-transitory computer-readable media cause the computing system to perform operations via one or more processors. The operations include receiving the non-invasive biometric data from one or more sensors associated with the wearable computing device; and implementing the machine-learned model to determine if the non-invasive biometric data associated with the wearer is indicative of insulin resistance.

Provided herein are method of using GLP1-GDF15 fusion proteins for reducing food intake, preventing, treating or ameliorating diseases and disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, among others, the fusion protein comprising a GLP1 or GLP1 variant peptide, a first linker peptide, a serum albumin protein, a second linker peptide, and a GDF15 protein.

The application belongs to the field of functional substance research, and particularly relates to a corn extract for promoting GLP-1 secretion, and a preparation method and application thereof. The corn extract provided by the application is a dried product obtained by ultrasonic extraction of a dried powder of fresh corn kernels after room temperature soaking in ethanol or an ethanol aqueous solution; the fresh corn comprises yellow sweet corn; the temperature of the ultrasonic extraction is 30-60 DEG C; the power of the ultrasonic extraction is 50-150 W; and the time of the ultrasonic extraction is 30-90 min. The preparation method of the corn extract is simple and easy to implement, and can effectively reduce the production cost of functional ingredients. The corn extract can effectively promote the secretion of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells in both healthy and insulin-resistant states, and simultaneously improve cell viability.

The invention relates to the technical field of diet recommendation, in particular to a diet recommendation method and system based on insulin resistance, and the system comprises a dynamic blood glucose monitor which is used for monitoring blood glucose in real time; the data acquisition module is used for establishing a blood glucose curve according to the acquired data; the analysis module is used for determining the diet condition of the monitoring main body based on the blood glucose curve; the recommendation module is used for adjusting the diet of the monitored subject based on the analysis result of the analysis module; the mobile terminal is used for enabling the monitoring main body to input food types and display diet regulation modes; the method comprises the steps of establishing a real-time blood glucose curve and standard blood glucose data, determining eligibility of the real-time blood glucose curve based on the real-time blood glucose curve and the standard blood glucose curve, calculating a fluctuation evaluation value based on the unqualified real-time blood glucose curve, and determining increase of dining duration, adjustment of dining share or shortening of dining interval time based on the fluctuation evaluation value. According to the invention, the accuracy of personalized diet recommendation is improved.

In an optional embodiment, a probiotic preparation for treating and alleviating metabolic and oxidative stress, inflammation and neurodegeneration and a method for using them are provided, including compositions, preparations, manufactured products and kits comprising them. In an optional embodiment, a probiotic preparation as provided herein comprises or is composed of any combination of Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221, Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 8826 and Bifidobacteria longum spp. infantis NCIMB 702255. In an optional embodiment, a probiotic preparation as provided herein is combined with Triphala. In an optional embodiment, a probiotic preparation as provided herein is used to treat metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity, inflammatory diseases such as IBD, IBS, arthritis; and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In alternative embodiments, the probiotic formulations provided herein are used to combat oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, lower blood and total glucose levels, lower triglyceride levels, and manage insulin resistance.

The invention provides application of an inhibitor of cathepsin D or a coding gene thereof in preparation of a product for preventing and / or treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. The inhibitor realizes prevention and / or treatment of the type 2 diabetes mellitus by inhibiting expression of the cathepsin D or the coding gene thereof or inhibiting activity of the cathepsin D; applications are achieved by administering an inhibitor of cathepsin D expression, an inhibitor of cathepsin D coding gene expression, or an inhibitor of cathepsin D activity. The inhibitor inhibits the activation of a JAK2-STAT3 signal channel by inhibiting the expression of cathepsin D or a coding gene thereof, or inhibiting the activity of cathepsin D, so as to prevent and / or treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. The cathepsin D disclosed by the invention can be used as a key molecular target for intervening liver insulin resistance for the first time, glycolipid metabolism disorder of a high-fat induced mouse model is remarkably improved by specifically inhibiting the activity of the cathepsin D, and a new strategy is provided for treating liver insulin resistance related diseases T2DM.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating metabolism-related fatty liver diseases and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. The composition is prepared from 30 g of poria cocos, 30 g of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, 30 g of radix salviae miltiorrhizae, 10 g of fructus crataegi, 15 g of pericarpium citri reticulatae, 15 g of lotus leaves, 10 g of rhizoma alismatis, 15 g of red yeast rice, 10 g of herba artemisiae scopariae and 10 g of emblic leafflower fruit according to The freeze-dried powder is prepared by adopting processes of three times of water extraction, low-temperature vacuum concentration and freeze drying, the extraction efficiency is about 37%, and active ingredients are completely reserved. Animal experiments show that the composition can significantly relieve obesity, improve liver fatty degeneration, reduce liver lipid deposition, repair liver injury, regulate dyslipidemia, improve glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, and inhibit liver lipid synthesis and inflammatory response; and no liver and kidney toxicity is caused by continuous high-dose use. The composition provided by the invention has the advantages of multiple targets, systematic regulation of metabolism, exact curative effect and high safety, and provides a novel effective traditional Chinese medicine scheme for prevention and treatment of metabolism-related fatty liver diseases.

The application discloses a compound cereal powder for controlling blood sugar and reducing blood sugar, a preparation method and application thereof. The compound cereal powder comprises, in percentage by weight, 10-30% of soybean dietary fiber, 10-25% of resistant dextrin, 5-20% of soybean protein isolate powder, 5-15% of oat powder, 5-15% of black bean powder, 3-12% of purple sweet potato powder, 3-12% of oatmeal, 0.5-5% of poria cocos powder, 0.5-5% of yam powder, 0.5-5% of honeysuckle powder, 1-8% of konjac powder, 0.5-5% of medlar powder, 0.5-5% of mulberry leaf powder, 0.5-5% of rhizoma polygonati powder, compound vitamins, calcium carbonate, zinc gluconate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The preparation method comprises the following steps: low-temperature baking and curing cereal raw materials, uniformly mixing by a three-dimensional mixer, screening and sterilizing, and sterilely sub-packaging. The compound cereal powder controls blood sugar and reduces blood sugar through multiple mechanisms such as a dietary fiber physical barrier, alpha-glucosidase inhibition, improvement of insulin resistance and supplement of trace elements, is comprehensive in nutrition, good in taste, and is suitable for people with diabetes and pre-diabetes as a meal replacement or a functional food for assisting blood sugar reduction.

The invention provides application of propyl gallate in preparation of anti-obesity drugs or functional food for weight management, and belongs to the field of biological medicine technology and food. The invention discloses that the propyl gallate has the health benefit of positively regulating basic metabolism for the first time, and the propyl gallate can obviously reduce the weight of obese mice induced by high fat diet, reduce body fat, effectively relieve obesity and improve metabolic conditions such as glucose tolerance and insulin resistance; and brown fat can be activated to produce heat, respiratory metabolism and energy consumption are enhanced, and a new way is opened up for preventing and / or treating obesity. Propyl gallate is an edible substance, is high in safety and oxidation resistance, and is widely used as a food antioxidant, so that propyl gallate can be used for preparing anti-obesity drugs or functional foods for weight management, and has a good application prospect.

Provided herein are small molecule agonists of the apelin receptor for the treatment of disease. The compounds disclosed herein are useful for the treatment of a range of cardiovascular, renal and metabolic conditions. The present invention is based on the seminal discovery of a series of potent small molecule agonists of the apelin receptor, which are useful for the treatment of diseases including heart failure, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance / diabetes and obesity. The compounds disclosed herein are highly specific for the apelin receptor versus the angiotensin II receptor (ATI).