233 results about "Surface reaction" patented technology

The invention discloses a porous ceramic filter for liquid magnesium alloy purification and a preparation method thereof, and the porous ceramic filter comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 70-85wt% of ceramic particles, 8-15wt% of multi-element oxide system microcrystalline glass brazing filler metal and the balance of a binder, al2O3-B2O3-SiO2-MgO-CaO multi-element oxide system microcrystalline glass brazing filler metal is adopted, under the condition of air atmosphere high-temperature calcination, a compact reaction layer containing a low-melting-point glass phase, an aluminum oxide phase, a magnesium aluminate spinel phase, a calcium aluminosilicate phase, a borate phase and a silicate phase is generated on the surfaces of ceramic particles of a porous ceramic filter through a chemical reaction; the magnesium alloy filter has high strength and good high-temperature stability, and the problems that the filter loses efficacy and magnesium alloy melt is polluted due to the fact that the filter is eroded by magnesium alloy liquid are effectively solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of membrane separation, in particular to a preparation method of a pH-step-by-step thermocuring regulation sodium-magnesium separation nanofiltration membrane. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pre-treating a base membrane; (2) preparation and treatment of an aqueous phase solution: S1, preparing the aqueous phase solution according to mass fraction: sequentially adding 1.2%-1.6% of piperazine, 0.10%-0.14% of triaminopyrimidine and 0.14%-0.18% of polyethylene glycol into deionized water, and stirring until the piperazine, the triaminopyrimidine and the polyethylene glycol are completely dissolved to form the aqueous phase solution; s2, adjusting the pH value of the water-phase solution to 10-11 by using hydrochloric acid; s3, pouring the water-phase solution of which the pH is adjusted on the surface of the pretreated base membrane, standing, and blow-drying to form a uniform water-phase layer; (3) interfacial polymerization reaction: S1, preparing an oil phase solution: adding 0.10-0.14% of trimesoyl chloride into n-hexane, and performing ultrasonic treatment until the trimesoyl chloride is completely dissolved; s2, pouring the oil-phase solution on the surface of the base membrane subjected to water-phase treatment, and after reaction, pouring out redundant solution to form a polyamide separation layer, so as to obtain a membrane sheet; (4) performing a step-by-step thermocuring process; and (5) cleaning and storing.

The invention provides a composite nanofiltration membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: reacting a water phase solution and an oil phase solution on the surface of a base membrane to obtain a primary composite nanofiltration membrane; wherein the water phase solution contains piperazine and polyacrylamide, and the oil phase solution contains trimesoyl chloride. The nanofiltration membrane provided by the invention is high in pure water flux, good in membrane surface hydrophilicity, strong in pollution resistance, high in mechanical strength and durability, low in cost and capable of stably running for a long time.

A process for forming a vapor-deposited ZIF-8 metal organic framework includes: conducting a gas surface reaction between an ALD-deposited ZnO and 2-methylimidazole to form a vapor-deposited ZIF-8 metal organic framework, wherein the gas surface reaction is conducted at a temperature greater than 140 C, and wherein the gas surface reaction is conducted at a pressure of less than 1000 mTorr. In a particular embodiment, the gas surface reaction is conducted at a temperature of 160 C. A process for preparing a laminate includes: performing ALD of zinc oxide as a base between 1 nm to 10 nm in thickness, exposing 2-methylimidazole vapor phase linker at chemical vapor deposition at a temperature range of greater than 140 C to less than or equal to 180 C in a vacuum condition, and cycling of the ZnO ALD and 2-methylimidazole exposure to deposit a film or fill a gap.

The present invention belongs to the fields of pyrolyzed carbon black reinforcement, and the manufacturing of tires and non-tire rubber products. Provided are an interfacial reinforcing agent for pyrolyzed carbon black, and reinforced pyrolyzed carbon black and the use thereof. The interfacial reinforcing agent for pyrolyzed carbon black comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.1-10 parts of a main interfacial reinforcing agent and 0.1-3 parts of an auxiliary interfacial reinforcing agent, wherein the main interfacial reinforcing agent comprises one or more of a nitrogen-containing compound, an active-double-bond-containing compound and a sulfur-containing compound; and the auxiliary interfacial reinforcing agent comprises one or more of a coupling agent compound, an organic acid compound and an amide compound. With regard to different functional groups (including double bonds, oxygen-containing functional groups, etc.) contained in the surface of the pyrolyzed carbon black, a suitable interfacial reinforcing agent is selected for modification to make the interfacial reinforcing agent react with the surface of pyrolyzed carbon black, thereby improving the tensile strength of the modified pyrolyzed carbon black in a rubber system.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a peptide microtube / SnO2 / Au composite gas-sensitive material. The three-dimensional network structure of the peptide microtube is utilized to effectively adsorb SnO2 and Au nanoparticles, so that the SnO2 and Au nanoparticles form a complete connection path on the surface of the peptide microtube, and electron transfer is facilitated; and gas diffusion is also facilitated. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of Au nanoparticles can enhance visible light absorption and surface reaction activity, so that the gas-sensitive property is improved, and rapid adsorption and desorption reaction can be carried out at room temperature. The prepared sensor exerts the synergistic effect of the three materials, realizes efficient detection of NO2 at room temperature, has very high selectivity to NO2, and has relatively high response to low-concentration NO2, so that trace detection can be carried out.

The invention relates to a stripping method for a reaction layer on the surface of a high-temperature alloy return scrap, and relates to the technical field of cleaning, recycling and reusing of metal materials. According to the main technical scheme, the stripping method for the reaction layer on the surface of the high-temperature alloy return scrap comprises the steps that the high-temperature alloy return scrap serves as an anode, and an inert material serves as a cathode; the anode and the cathode are placed in an electrolyte for electrolytic treatment so as to remove a surface reaction layer on the high-temperature alloy return scrap; wherein the electrolyte contains 1 to 3 mol / L of chlorine salt electrolyte additive and 0 to 2 mol / L of weak acid. The green and efficient stripping method for the reaction layer on the surface of the high-temperature alloy return scrap is mainly provided, the content of gas impurity elements is reduced, and the cyclic utilization rate of the return scrap is increased.

Methods are provided for etching molybdenum in a wet ALE process. The methods disclosed herein use a wide variety of techniques and wet etch chemistries to oxidize a molybdenum surface and form a self-limiting, molybdenum oxide passivation layer in a surface modification step of the wet ALE process. In the wet ALE processes and methods disclosed herein, self-limiting behavior is provided in the oxidation step by adding a polydentate ligand to an aqueous oxidizing solution. The polydentate ligand reacts with and binds to the oxidized molybdenum surface to form a stable, ligand-molybdenum oxide complex, which is insoluble within the aqueous oxidizing solution. The insolubility of the ligand-molybdenum complex in the aqueous oxidizing solution provides self-limiting behavior in the oxidation step. After forming the molybdenum oxide passivation layer, the passivation layer is selectively removed in a dissolution step of the wet ALE process to etch the molybdenum surface.

The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical materials, in particular to a preparation method of TPP-mediated mitochondrial-targeted cerium-doped antioxidant carbon quantum dots, which comprises the following steps: mixing citric acid, urea and cerium salt serving as raw materials, and reacting by adopting a hydrothermal method to synthesize the cerium-doped carbon quantum dots; then triphenylphosphine is grafted to the surface of the cerium-doped carbon quantum dot through an amide method, separation and purification are carried out after the reaction is completed, the target carbon quantum dot is obtained, and the cerium element in the cerium salt is used for endowing the carbon quantum dot with an anti-oxidation function. The carbon quantum dots prepared by the method are accurate in mitochondria targeting and strong in oxidation resistance, the preparation process is simple, convenient, environment-friendly and large-scale, and the product is uniform in particle size, stable in fluorescence, good in biocompatibility and wide in application prospect in the field of biomedicine.

The invention discloses modified egg shell powder with a high-activity porous structure and a preparation method of the modified egg shell powder. The material is prepared by the following steps: cleaning egg shells, calcining for 15-40 minutes in an air atmosphere of 300-400 DEG C, grinding and grading, and carrying out surface modification by a silane coupling agent containing amino groups and / or epoxy groups. The BET specific surface area of the modified egg shell powder is larger than 5 m / g, and the surface water contact angle is larger than 90 degrees. Comparison experiments prove that the eggshell powder treated by the method disclosed by the invention has obviously improved surface reaction activity, a porous structure and fundamentally improved interface bonding force with a polymer matrix. The material can be used as a functional filler in the field of composite materials.

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon capture, utilization and storage, and particularly discloses a CO2 mineralization and storage device and method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface regulation, the device comprises a reaction kettle, an injection system and a monitoring system, a paddle is rotatably arranged in the reaction kettle, a distributed heating system is further arranged in the reaction kettle, and the injection system is connected with the monitoring system. The reaction kettle is used for establishing an axial temperature gradient in the reaction kettle, and an ultrasonic-microwave coupling generation device is arranged outside the reaction kettle in a surrounding manner; the injection system comprises a CO2 injection device and an atomized water injection device, and further comprises a plurality of porous rings arranged at intervals in the depth direction of the reaction kettle, a plurality of spray holes are formed in the inner peripheries of the porous rings at intervals in the circumferential direction, the directions of the spray holes are tangent to the circumferential direction of the porous rings, and porous media are embedded in the spray holes; the monitoring system is used for monitoring the temperature, humidity and pressure in the reaction kettle. According to the method, through temperature gradient induction and dynamic humidity regulation and control, the CO2 diffusion rate and the surface reaction rate are synchronously increased, and the mineralization efficiency and the product stability are improved.

According to the efficient composite ore leaching flora and the application thereof, by optimizing the specific proportion of thiobacillus ferrooxidans, thiobacillus acidophilus, thiobacillus thiooxidans and high-temperature-resistant leptospirillum and combining a directional domestication technology, the tolerance of the flora to ores with high toxicity and complex components is remarkably improved. Extracellular polymeric substances secreted by the flora strengthen mineral surface reaction through chelation, and the copper leaching rate is increased by 40% or above compared with that of a single strain in cooperation with a segmented temperature control process. The flora provided by the invention can realize efficient metal recovery under the condition of low energy consumption, is suitable for large-scale dump leaching and reactor leaching, and has dual advantages of environmental protection and economy.

Methods and apparatuses for precise trimming of silicon-containing materials are provided. Methods involve oxidizing silicon-containing materials and thermally removing the oxidized silicon-containing materials at particular temperatures for a self-limiting etch process. Methods also involve a surface reaction limited process using a halogen source and modulated temperature and exposure duration to etch small amounts of silicon-containing materials. Apparatuses are capable of flowing multiple oxidizers at particular temperature ranges to precisely etch substrates.

The invention discloses a preparation method of TiO2 powder with a rutile and anatase core-shell structure, and particularly relates to the technical field of photocatalytic material preparation. According to the method, rutile phase TiO2 powder is used as a core material, a titanate intermediate layer is formed on the surface of a particle through an accurately controlled hydrothermal alkali treatment process, and then a surface layer phase is converted into an anatase phase through acid pickling treatment and controllable heat treatment, so that a complete core-shell heterojunction structure is constructed. The process flow is relatively simple, the cost is controllable, the phase structure conversion rate is high, and the shell thickness can be accurately regulated and controlled. The obtained TiO2 core-shell structure powder has excellent structural stability of a rutile phase and high surface reaction activity of an anatase phase, and shows remarkably enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, and the catalytic efficiency of the TiO2 core-shell structure powder is greatly improved compared with that of single rutile phase TiO2; and a new process method is provided for large-scale preparation of efficient photocatalytic materials.

The invention discloses a preparation method and system of a modified electrode material, and the method comprises the steps: an electrode material moves into a modification tank, the modification tank contains a modification solution with continuously changing concentration, and the electrode material is always soaked in the modification solution when passing through the modification tank; after leaving the modification tank, the electrode material is cleaned, dried and subjected to heat treatment, and the modified electrode material with continuous electrochemical activity change is obtained. According to the invention, by controlling the continuous change of the reaction active sites on the surface of the electrode material, the electrochemical activity of the reaction sites is fully utilized, the electrochemical activity change is concentrated on the same electrode material, and the tedious process caused by splicing of multiple sections of electrodes is also avoided.

Methods and systems for producing cement binder without wall packing or interfacial transition zones are provided. A metal hydroxide is reacted with a silicate to produce a silicate precursor. The silicate precursor is then mixed with aluminosilicate material which forms a condensation reaction directly in the solution, resulting in a binder that does not rely on a surface-alone reaction.

The invention provides a preparation method of a melamine cyanuric acid coated phosphorus flame retardant and application of the flame retardant in flame-retardant waterborne polyurethane artificial leather. According to the preparation method, melamine cyanuric acid is coated on the surface of phosphorus flame retardant powder in an in-situ polymerization manner, and an ethanol-free solvent is used as a reaction medium in the reaction process, so that the preparation method has the advantages of environment friendliness, safety and high yield and conversion rate; and the phosphorus-based flame retardant coated with the melamine cyanuric acid has a synergistic effect on the flame retardant property.

The application provides a regeneration method of halogenated nitrobenzene continuous hydrogenation catalyst, and relates to the technical field of fixed bed halogenated nitrobenzene hydrogenation. The regeneration method mainly comprises the following steps: using alcohol, alkali, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate to preliminarily clean the bed layer, removing azo compounds and other pollutants on the surface of the catalyst by using the special properties of ionic liquids, and then completing the regeneration of the catalyst through the steps of pickling, precious metal solution treatment and drying. The application overcomes the defects of the prior art, has the advantages of simple operation, mild conditions and low cost, realizes the in-situ removal of surface impurities such as reaction intermediates and azo compounds on the catalyst surface without damaging the structure of the catalyst and disassembling the catalyst, further supplements the lost metal active components, and can effectively restore the catalyst activity.

The invention provides a method for graft modification on the surface of a substrate, which comprises the following steps: pretreating the surface of the substrate to connect hydroxyl, amino or sulfydryl on the surface of the substrate; placing the pretreated substrate in a silane coupling agent containing two silicon atoms or a mixed solution of the silane coupling agent containing two silicon atoms and the silane coupling agent containing one silicon atom for reaction; according to the preparation method, the silane coupling agent containing two silicon atoms is adopted independently or is mixed with the silane coupling agent containing one silicon atom, and then covalent bonding is carried out on the silane coupling agent and the surface of the substrate; the silane coupling agent containing two silicon atoms or a mixed solution of the silane coupling agent has unique advantages and higher reaction activity, has two sites capable of reacting with the surface of the substrate and rapidly reacts with active groups on the surface of the substrate to ensure effective surface modification, and the durability of a modification layer is improved through additional bonding points; the obtained substrate has better hydrolysis resistance.

The application belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic CO2 cycloaddition reaction, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a vacancy defect layered bismuth semiconductor material and application of the vacancy defect layered bismuth semiconductor material in photocatalytic CO2 cycloaddition reaction. The material is based on a bismuth semiconductor material with a Sillen-Aurivillius structure, and a defect site is constructed by vacancy regulation of the material. Low-valence metal ions exposed by the vacancy defect can be used as Lewis acid sites to adsorb and activate epoxides, and the defect site can promote separation of photo-generated carriers, thereby enhancing surface reaction kinetics and effectively improving photocatalytic activity of the material, and finally promoting photocatalytic CO2 cycloaddition reaction performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of NO2 gas detection, and particularly discloses a high-sensitivity visible light full-spectrum activated sensitive material, the sensitive material is a g-C3N4 / SnS / Au nano composite material with a heterostructure, the g-C3N4 / SnS / Au nano composite material comprises g-C3N4 with a multi-lamellar structure and granular SnS growing on the surface of the g-C3N4, and the g-C3N4 / SnS / Au nano composite material is a high-sensitivity visible light full-spectrum activated sensitive material. The g-C3N4 / SnS composite material with a heterostructure is formed, Au nanoparticles are freely distributed on the surface and / or the edge of the g-C3N4 / SnS composite material, and a heterojunction is formed on a contact interface of the Au nanoparticles and the g-C3N4 / SnS composite material. The sensitive material disclosed by the invention has excellent absorption capacity on full-spectrum visible light, can better promote the generation of photon-generated carriers and improve the photon utilization rate under the irradiation of an external light source or natural light, and meanwhile provides activation energy required by surface reaction between target gas molecules and the sensitive material; sufficient energy is provided for gas-sensitive reaction at room temperature, and the comprehensive gas-sensitive performance of the gas sensor is enhanced.

The application relates to a high-selectivity ilmenite flotation process, and belongs to the technical field of flotation, and aims to solve at least one of the problems of poor ilmenite selectivity and poor collecting performance of the existing flotation method. In the ilmenite flotation process, a specific structure of a collector is selected, two hydroxyl imino groups are introduced into the same molecular structure, the solid-philic group formed by the two hydroxyl imino groups can improve the combination capacity between the collector and metal ions; the adsorption stability of the whole collector molecule on the mineral surface is enhanced, the collecting performance and selectivity of the collector molecule are improved; meanwhile, the raw ore is subjected to a plasma pretreatment method, the mineral surface structure can be changed, the impurities on the mineral surface can be reduced, the reaction activity of the mineral surface can be enhanced, the surface property difference between ilmenite and magnesium olivine can be improved, the collector molecule can chemically react with the ilmenite surface under weak acid conditions, the ilmenite flotation separation efficiency is improved, and the amount of sulfuric acid is reduced.

This invention belongs to the field of solid oxide electrolysis cell technology, and discloses a cobalt-iron co-doped cerium-based cathode material and its preparation and application. Preparation method: 1) A mixed solution of cobalt precursor, iron precursor, cerium precursor, and gadolinium precursor is prepared using water; glycine is added as a complexing agent, and the mixture is homogeneous; the mixture is heated to 300-400℃, stirred, and evaporated until a spontaneous combustion reaction occurs, and the precursor powder is collected; 2) The precursor powder is heat-treated in air to obtain the cobalt-iron co-doped cerium-based cathode material. The iron and cobalt co-doping in this invention produces an interaction: iron facilitates the formation of Ce. surf. 3+ -Oxygen vacancy defects enhance CO2 adsorption activation, while cobalt lowers the oxygen ion migration barrier and increases electronic conductivity, simultaneously improving surface reaction kinetics and bulk transport properties. The cathode material of this invention, used in solid oxide electrolysis cells, exhibits excellent CO2 electrolysis performance and long-term stability, and its preparation process is simple.

This invention provides a double-defect type Bi 12 O 17 This paper describes the preparation method and application of Bi2 ultrathin nanosheet photocatalysts, belonging to the field of photocatalytic materials technology. The preparation method is as follows: Bi2 is prepared by reacting a strong base with BiCl3 under ultrasonic assistance. 12 O 17 Cl2 ultrathin nanosheet precursor; then the precursor is mixed with sodium borohydride and a sulfur source and ground to obtain the target catalyst. In Bi 12 O 17 Sulfur doping and oxygen vacancies are simultaneously introduced into Cl2 ultrathin nanosheets to construct a doped-vacancy dual-defect system. By comprehensively utilizing the synergistic enhancement effect of the dual defects, the bottleneck of single-defect modification is overcome, thereby achieving a comprehensive improvement in photocatalytic performance (light capture, charge separation, surface reaction, and stability). This invention features a simple process, low requirements for preparation conditions, and is easily achievable for mass production, demonstrating high practical value and application prospects.

The invention discloses a modification method for improving the surface activity of spherical silica powder based on alkali treatment, relates to the technical field of surface modification, and comprises a modification method for alkali-treated spherical silica powder. The modification method for improving the surface activity of the spherical silica powder based on alkali treatment comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment, alkali solution preparation, alkali treatment, cleaning and drying, the alkali treatment comprises gradient heating treatment and ultrasonic synergistic treatment, and magnetic field assisted ultrasonic cleaning is matched with hydrogen peroxide solution surface activation, so that impurities can be removed, and the surface activity of the spherical silica powder can be improved. Meanwhile, active groups can be introduced in advance, in the alkali treatment process, gradient heating treatment enables the surface reaction of the micro powder to be more uniform, ultrasonic synergistic treatment enhances the mass transfer efficiency and generates active groups such as hydroxyl, and compared with a traditional method, the surface activity can be effectively improved, and a foundation is laid for improving the compatibility with an organic matrix; residual metal ions are effectively removed by using a chelating agent to assist cleaning and using an ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid solution, and washing is more thorough compared with conventional washing.

This invention relates to a method for preparing ZnIn2S4 adsorbents, specifically an ultrasonic atomization method based on zinc indium sulfide, belonging to the field of catalytic material preparation technology. The invention aims to address the problems of poor chemical stability and weak surface reaction kinetics in existing sulfide preparation methods. The method involves using zinc chloride, indium trichloride tetrahydrate, and thioacetamide as raw materials, and employing a hydrothermal method combined with ultrasonic atomization at 0 MHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.4 MHz, and 3.0 MHz to prepare ZIS-0, ZIS-1.0, ZIS-2.4, and ZIS-3.0 photoadsorbents, respectively. This method utilizes the acoustic cavitation, hotspot, and aggregation effects of ultrasonic atomization to achieve precise particle size control, increase specific surface area, and shorten the crystallization cycle, significantly improving the adsorption efficiency of atrazine. The preparation process of this invention is mild and simple, and the obtained materials exhibit excellent atrazine adsorption properties in aqueous solutions.

The invention provides an auxiliary electrode, electrochemical equipment and a reaction method, the auxiliary electrode comprises a main board, the main board comprises a hollow area and a frame area arranged around the hollow area, and the hollow area is used for installing a workpiece to be reacted; the side plates are arranged on the two opposite side edges of the main plate, the side plates are movably connected with the main plate, so that the main plate and the side plates have a coplanar state and an included angle state, in the coplanar state, the plane where the main plate is located and the planes where the side plates are located are located on the same plane, and in the included angle state, the main plate and the side plates are located on the same plane. The plane where the main plate is located intersects with the plane where the side plate is located. According to the scheme, the uniformity of workpiece surface reaction can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses preparation of an amorphous RuS2 / MAPbBr3 photo-thermal catalyst and application of the amorphous RuS2 / MAPbBr3 photo-thermal catalyst in catalysis of toluene oxidation. According to the method, ruthenium trichloride and a sulfur-containing chemical agent are used as raw materials to prepare the amorphous RuS2 nanoparticles. Then the composite material is prepared through a simple in-situ anti-solvent method, the process is simple, and the repeatability is high. The in-situ growth anti-solvent method can increase the contact area between MAPbBr3 and amorphous RuS2, is more beneficial to the generation and migration of carriers under the irradiation of visible light, reduces the recombination rate of electrons and holes, and improves the utilization rate of light energy. The prepared amorphous RuS2 has the performance of utilizing near-infrared light, and can convert near-infrared light energy into heat energy to play a role in local heating. The heating effect can increase the temperature of the reaction system, accelerate the migration of carriers to the surface of the catalyst, promote the surface reaction, and effectively improve the efficiency of the whole catalytic system.

A molten salt fission reactor. The reactor includes a reactor core including a plurality of fuel tubes. Each fuel tube contains a fuel salt and a gas interface. The fuel salt is a molten salt of one or more fissile isotopes. The gas interface is a surface of the fuel salt that is in contact with a gas space during reactor operation. The reactor also includes a fuel salt cooling system configured for cooling the fuel salt. The cooling system includes a heat exchanger and a coolant tank. The coolant tank contains a coolant liquid in which the fuel tubes are at least partially immersed. The heat exchanger is for extracting heat from the coolant liquid. The fuel salt cooling system is configured such that, during reactor operation, for all points within the fuel salt within each fuel tube except at the respective gas interface: