135 results about "Hydrogen compounds" patented technology

An article for joule heating is described, including a three-dimensional substrate on and / or in which a pyrolyzate of a phenolic resin or polymer forms an electrically conductive carbon network. Such articles may be incorporated in structured materials applications, which may include support, sorbent, and or catalyst components. Also described are methods of fabricating such articles and structured materials, and apparatus comprising same, and methods of use of such articles and structured materials and apparatus for conducting material transformation processes requiring input of heat for their performance, such as CO2 adsorption, methane pyrolysis for hydrogen and carbon production, hydrogen-assisted conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons, including catalytic conversion of CO2 to olefins, catalytic conversion of CO2 to propane (liquefied petroleum gas), and catalytic conversion of CO2 to renewable natural gas, reverse water gas shift reaction, steam ethane cracking, propane cracking, steam methane reforming, and dry methane reforming.

A system includes production tubing, a first packer, a second packer, one or more first ports, and one or more first conduits. The production tubing extends downhole through multiple subsurface formations including a first formation and a second formation that are gas-bearing formations and a third formation separating the first formation and the second formation. The first packer is positioned in the third formation. The second packer is positioned uphole of the formations. The one or more first ports extend through the production tubing downhole of the first packer. The first ports are movable between an open configuration and a closed configuration. The one or more first conduits extend from a first opening in an outer surface of the production tubing to a second opening in the outer surface of the production tubing, with a first valve positioned between the first opening and the second opening.

The invention provides a method and system of estimating an influx profile for at least one well fluid from a reservoir to a producing hydrocarbon well. The method comprises installing a liner (14) with at least one tracer chamber (16) wherein each tracer chamber comprises at least one distinct tracer (22). The method comprises perforating a liner section, the at least one chamber and surrounding formation to create at least one influx locations and deposit tracer and / or tracer molecules from each tracer chamber into the formation at the at least one influx location. The method comprises inducing production flow from the reservoir into the well and collecting samples downstream of the at least one influx location at known sampling times. The method comprises analysing samples for concentration of tracer. Based on the analysed concentrations the contribution of flow from the at least one influx location may be calculated.

A method for joint and optimal production of hydrocarbons and lithium from a well, the method including obtaining field data for an oil and gas field with at least one well accessing at least one hydrocarbon reservoir. The method further includes obtaining a set of well operational parameters related to the oil and gas field and obtaining a set of lithium extraction configuration parameters related to the oil and gas field. The method further includes determining, with an artificial intelligence model, a predicted hydrocarbon production and a predicted lithium extraction from production fluids of the oil and gas field based on the field data, the set of well operational parameters, and the set of the lithium extraction configuration parameters and adjusting, automatically, the set of well operational parameters and the set of the lithium extraction configuration parameters to jointly optimize the predicted hydrocarbon production and the predicted lithium extraction.

To provide a combustion system capable of suppressing emission of greenhouse effect gas caused by mixed combustion of combustion supporting fuel with mixed gas containing inert gas and hydrocarbon gas while suppressing atmospheric emission of hydrocarbon gas.SOLUTION: A combustion system 1 includes: a membrane separation device 3 that generates process gas Gp obtained by separating at least part of nitrogen gas Gn from mixed gas Gm by using a separation membrane; a boiler 19 capable of burning at least any of methane gas Gh, the mixed gas Gm and the process gas Gp; and a mixed gas control section 6 that controls supply of the mixed gas Gm to the membrane separation device 3. When inert gas ratio determination means 9 determines a ratio is larger than a first threshold value, the mixed gas control section 6 supplies the mixed gas Gm from a mixed gas line 2 to the membrane separation device 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A process is disclosed for the production of hydrocarbons with removal of coke from a product stream. In a first mode, hydrocarbons and steam are subjected to steam cracking to obtain a cracked gas. The removal of coke from the steam is performed using a coke trap thus obtaining a coke-depleted cracking gas which is subjected to quench heat exchange in the first mode downstream of the coke trap, effecting cooling. Product stream is formed in the first operating mode using the cracked gas cooled in the quench heat exchange. The coke trap is emptied in a second mode using a stream extracted from a cracking furnace, bypassing the quench heat exchange, to obtain a coke stream. The coke stream in the second mode is passed to a coke collector.

A method for producing a synthetic fuel from hydrogen and carbon dioxide comprises extracting hydrogen molecules from hydrogen compounds in a hydrogen feedstock to produce a hydrogen-containing fluid stream; extracting carbon dioxide molecules from a dilute gaseous mixture in a carbon dioxide feedstock to produce a carbon dioxide containing fluid stream; and processing the hydrogen and carbon dioxide containing fluid streams to produce a synthetic fuel. At least some thermal energy and / or material used for at least one of the steps of extracting hydrogen molecules, extracting carbon dioxide molecules, and processing the hydrogen and carbon dioxide containing fluid streams is obtained from thermal energy and / or material produced by another one of the steps of extracting hydrogen molecules, extracting carbon dioxide molecules, and processing the hydrogen and carbon dioxide containing fluid streams.

The subject of the present invention is the use, for reducing the emissions of nitrogen oxides and at least one type of polluting agent chosen from carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons during the combustion of a liquid fuel in a compression-ignition internal combustion engine, of an additive composition comprising: (i) one or more additives chosen from compounds having in their structure at least one alkyl-phenol group; and (ii) one or more cetane index-improving additives; in which the mass ratio of the quantity of additive(s) (i) to the quantity of additive(s) (ii) is in the range from 1:3 to 3:1.The present invention also relates to a method for reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides and at least one type of polluting agent chosen from carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons during the combustion of a liquid fuel in a compression-ignition internal combustion engine, using this additive composition.

Processes for preparing synthetic hydrocarbons are disclosed herein. An aspect of the process comprises: electrolyzing a feed stream comprising steam and CO2 with a H2O / CO2 (S / C) molar ratio greater than about 2.0 in a high-temperature co-electrolyzer apparatus operating at a co-electrolyzer temperature to produce an enhanced hydrogen rich syngas having a first concentration of H2, removing at least a portion of H2 from the enhanced hydrogen rich syngas to provide a hydrogen rich syngas having a second concentration of H2 that is lower than the first concentration of H2, and producing at least an FT product stream that comprises synthetic hydrocarbons by reacting the hydrogen rich syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactor. Processes for reducing methane and soot content during production of an enhanced hydrogen rich syngas are also disclosed.

A catalyst for improving emissions and fuel efficiency in combustion chambers may include aluminum chloride, cerium (III) chloride, deionized water, propylene glycol, lithium chloride, chloroplatinic acid, rhodium chloride, perrhenic acid, and a pH adjuster, such as lithium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid reagent. A method of improving emissions and fuel efficiency in combustion chambers while simultaneously enhancing combustion of hydrocarbons may include introducing the catalyst via a vaporous transport into the flame zone of a combustion chamber.

The invention discloses a hexagonal scandium hydrogen compound and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking a borane ammine complex as a solid hydrogen source, tabletting the borane ammine complex and elemental scandium through a mold, and stacking according to'hydrogen source-scandium-hydrogen source '; loading the assembly into a CVD diamond single crystal tube with holes, and carrying out secondary wrapping with NaCl to form a sealed reaction unit; carrying out segmented pressurization / depressurization in a cubic press, electrifying and segmented heating under the condition of 800-1200 DEG C, and carrying out pressure maintaining and cooling to complete synthesis; according to the method, local high hydrogen partial pressure is established under the action of moderate high pressure and double-layer sealing, external introduction of high-pressure hydrogen is avoided, and the equipment complexity and the safety risk are reduced; the product prepared by the invention is hexagonal-phase ScH3, can stably exist at normal temperature and normal pressure, and is different from cubic-phase ScH3 which can only be synthesized under an extreme high-pressure condition and cannot be kept stable after pressure relief, XRD and structure refinement are consistent with the standard, and the process can be repeated and amplified.

The invention relates to a process for producing hydrogen by reforming hydrocarbons with steam, and separating carbon dioxide. The process comprises an endothermic reforming step and an autothermal reforming step for producing a synthesis gas stream, wherein the heat produced in the autothermal reforming step is used for heating in the endothermic reforming step. The process further comprises a step of converting the obtained synthesis gas stream to enrich hydrogen, a step of separating the thus produced hydrogen by pressure swing adsorption, and a step of separating carbon dioxide from the residual gas obtained from the pressure swing adsorption. The reforming units for the endothermic reforming step and the autothermal reforming step are arranged in parallel to each other or in series.

The present invention relates to a process and system for forming a hydrocarbon feedstock from a biomass material, and the hydrocarbon feedstock formed therefrom. The biomass may be cellulose, hemicel

Processes for converting methane and / or other hydrocarbons to synthesis gas (i.e., a gaseous mixture comprising H2 and CO) are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the hydrocarbon(s) is reacted with CO2. At least a second portion of the methane may be reacted with H2O (steam), thereby improving overall thermodynamics of the process, in terms of reducing endothermicity (ΔH) and the required energy input, compared to “pure” dry reforming in which no H2O is present. Such dry reforming (reaction with CO2 only) or CO2-steam reforming (reaction with both CO2 and steam) processes are advantageously integrated with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to yield liquid hydrocarbon fuels. Further integration may involve the use of a downstream finishing stage involving hydroisomerization to remove FT wax. Yet other integration options involve the use of combined CO2-steam reforming and FT synthesis stages (optionally with finishing) for producing liquid fuels from gas streams generated in a number of possible processes, including the hydropyrolysis of biomass.

Provided is a method for operating a blast furnace with which it is possible to reduce the reduction material ratio by using coke having an appropriate reactivity. Provided is a method for operating a blast furnace in which an iron-based starting material and coke are charged in layers from the top of the blast furnace and an oxygen-containing gas and a reducing material containing a hydrocarbon gas are blown into the interior of the blast furnace from the tuyere of the blast furnace, the method being characterized in that: when the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas is 80 vol% or more, the oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the blast furnace; coke having a reactivity index CRI of 35 or less is used as the coke to operate. The hydrocarbon gas is preferably a gas of hydrogen and / or a hydrogen-containing compound.

The invention relates to a drilling fluid having adsorbent particles added to it and also to a method of drilling a well into a subterranean hydrocarbon reservoir. The adsorbent particles adsorb benzene and toluene that has been taken up in the drilling fluid from the hydrocarbon reservoir. This mitigates the problem of benzene vapor being released at the surface, especially at the shaker. The adsorbent particles can be of a size that allows them to be separated from rock cuttings in the shaker and recirculated into the drilling fluid. When the drilling job is complete, the adsorbent particles may be disposed of safely.

A process and a process plant for production of a hydrocarbon product comprising low amounts of HPNA from a hydrocarbonaceous stream derived from a thermochemical decomposition of a solid renewable material.

A method can include coupling sulfur dioxide depolarized electrolysis (e.g., electrochemical oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid with electrochemical reduction of water to hydrogen) with the contact process to facilitate formation of high concentration sulfuric acid with concurrent hydrogen production. The sulfuric acid and hydrogen can optionally be used cooperatively for downstream processes (e.g., metal extraction from ore, fertilizer production, hydrocarbon processing, etc.).

A method and a process arrangement for producing hydrocarbons from plastic-based raw material by a gasification in an integrated process The integrated process includes a gasification unit for forming a gasification product, a steam cracking unit for forming a cracking product and a recovery unit for recovering hydrocarbons. The plastic-based raw material is gasified with steam in the gasification unit having at least one fluidized bed gasifier and the gasification product is formed, the gasification product is cooled at least partly for slowing and / or stopping the chemical reactions after the gasification, The gasification product is supplied to a quench tower of the gasification unit in which the gasification product is treated and condensable components are removed from the gasification product forming a treated gasification product, and the treated gasification product and the cracking product of the steam cracking unit are supplied to the recovery unit for separating and recovering hydrocarbons.

Systems and systems to generate clean energy and for providing hydrogen capture and carbon capture sequestration are provided. Heat from partial oxidation of hydrocarbon fuel is used to generate clean power via one or more heat engines together with hydrogen capture and carbon capture sequestration.

The invention discloses a one-step salt-free dry reduction process of rare earth metal oxide powder, which comprises the following steps: S1, polishing and cleaning a crucible and the inner wall of a furnace chamber to ensure that the crucible and the furnace chamber are clean; s2, rare earth oxide powder is put into the crucible in the step S1, and a layer of same metal blocks, metal plates or dissimilar metal with saturated vapor pressure is put on the surface of the crucible; s3, the lowermost end of the plasma gun is adjusted to be right above the crucible, and a furnace door is locked; s4, starting a mechanical pump to vacuumize a furnace chamber, and slowly filling high-purity argon when the pressure reaches 0.5-1Pa; in the smelting reduction process, only hydrogen and argon are used as working gases, other polluting gases or media are not used, the economic cost of reduction of the rare earth metal oxide can be well reduced, and generated trace hydrocarbon, sulfur hydrogen compounds and nitrogen hydrogen compounds can be removed through a tail gas filter; the pollution to the environment is greatly reduced, and the method is a green metallurgy method.

The invention proposes a system and a method for the selective extraction of viscous hydrocarbons from tanks and other containers. The system comprises the following components for heating the hydrocarbons: a steam ejector -3-, in which there takes place an eddy diffusion of its drive steam with the gases it aspirates by means of the Venturi effect, and a perimetric heating conduit -5- externally attached to the tank or container. The method comprises the following operations: heating a surface layer of hydrocarbons by means of the gases injected by the steam ejector, causing a selective flow of hot hydrocarbons to the perimetric conduit; localized heating of the hydrocarbons with the perimetric conduit, causing the precipitation of water and a selective flow of the hottest hydrocarbons to an extraction pump; and extracting the precipitated water and the hydrocarbons flowing selectively from the perimetric conduit by means of two pumps.

The disclosure relates to a method of processing a material including: receiving a hydrocarbon, polymeric, and / or waste input material to be processed within a reaction chamber; energizing one or more sets of electrodes, each set of electrodes including an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, each anode electrode and cathode electrode having an electrode tip exposed to the reaction chamber; and creating an electrical arc between the anode electrode tip and the cathode electrode tip within the reaction chamber to subject at least some of the input material to electrical arcing, thereby reacting at least a portion of the input material and forming a processed material. The processed material includes hydrogen and at least one of carbon monoxide and solid carbon.

The invention refers to an insulating lining, a use of an alumina-based part, a reactor for hydrocarbon reforming and a process for hydrocarbon reforming.

Preventing the flow of soil grains into oil and gas wells is highly desirable for the protection of hydrocarbon production. Geotechnical engineering solutions addressing this issue may utilize enzyme-induced precipitation methods to consolidate and increase shear strength. Methods may comprise: providing a mixture comprising urea, a urease enzyme, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and a cellulose; contacting at least a portion of the mixture with at least a portion of a subterranean formation; and forming a biomineral precipitate within the subterranean formation. The biomineral precipitate, comprised of a carbonate mineral and an evaporite mineral, may consolidate particles within the subterranean formation to form a consolidated body.

Process and plant for producing hydrocarbon products from a solid renewable feed-stock, where in a thermal decomposition section such as a pyrolysis section for the treatment of the solid renewable feedstock, a pyrolysis off-gas stream and a pyrolysis oil stream are generated, and where after hydroprocessing of the pyrolysis oil in a hydroprocessing section, a hydrogen-rich stream and an off-gas stream comprising hydrocarbons are produced. A portion of the hydrogen-rich stream is used as a recycle gas stream in the hydroprocessing section for the production of said hydrocarbon products, such as naphtha and diesel, and another portion may be used for hydrogen production in a hydrogen producing unit, while the off-gas stream is used together with the pyrolysis off-stream in the hydrogen producing unit. The produced hydrogen, i.e. make-up hydrogen, is used in the hydroprocessing section.

This invention provides a catalyst state determination method that can determine the future state of the catalyst. [Solution] The catalyst state determination method involves a reactor 12 that generates hydrocarbons by contacting a catalyst 15 with raw materials containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen, measuring the temperature of the catalyst 15 heated by the generation of hydrocarbons at multiple measurement positions PO along the direction in which the raw materials flow, and determining the state of the catalyst 15 based on the relationship between the multiple measurement positions PO and the temperatures of the catalyst 15 measured at the multiple measurement positions PO.

To provide a hydrogen production system and a hydrocarbon production system reduced in operation cost.SOLUTION: A hydrogen production system includes a hydrogen compound member, a water supply member for supplying water to the hydrogen compound member, and a heat recovery device for recovering adsorption heat generated when hydrogen generated by decomposing a part of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of the hydrogen compound member is adsorbed by the hydrogen compound member. The hydrocarbon production system includes a hydrogen compound member, a water supply member that supplies water to the hydrogen compound member, a heat recovery device that recovers heat of adsorption generated when hydrogen generated by decomposition of a portion of the water into hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of the hydrogen compound member is adsorbed by the hydrogen compound member, a heating device that heats the hydrogen compound member to which the hydrogen has been adsorbed, and a gas supply device that supplies a carbon dioxide-containing gas containing carbon dioxide to the hydrogen compound member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Processes for steam cracking hydrocarbons. The process can include introducing a hydrocarbon that can include ethane, propane, or a mixture thereof into radiant coils under steam cracking conditions that produce a steam cracker effluent and deposit coke on an inner surface thereof. An ethane conversion can be ≤75% or a. propane conversion can be ≤93%. Introduction of the hydrocarbon into at least one of the radiant coils can be periodically stopped. A decoking feed can be introduced into the at least one of the radiant coils under decoking process conditions that can include: (i) a decoking effluent that can have a coil outlet temperature of >900° C. (ii) introducing the decoking feed at a. mass flux rate at the quench exchanger inlet of >39 kg m−2 second−1, and / or (iii) introducing the decoking feed while maintaining introduction of the first hydrocarbon feed into one or more of the radiant coils in the plurality of radiant coils.

The disclosure relates to systems and methods for using waste heat to increase crude yield, reduce an amount of water in hydrocarbon products and enhance pipeline integrity in a gas oil separation plant.