93 results about "Hydrogen compounds" patented technology

An article for joule heating is described, including a three-dimensional substrate on and / or in which a pyrolyzate of a phenolic resin or polymer forms an electrically conductive carbon network. Such articles may be incorporated in structured materials applications, which may include support, sorbent, and or catalyst components. Also described are methods of fabricating such articles and structured materials, and apparatus comprising same, and methods of use of such articles and structured materials and apparatus for conducting material transformation processes requiring input of heat for their performance, such as CO2 adsorption, methane pyrolysis for hydrogen and carbon production, hydrogen-assisted conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons, including catalytic conversion of CO2 to olefins, catalytic conversion of CO2 to propane (liquefied petroleum gas), and catalytic conversion of CO2 to renewable natural gas, reverse water gas shift reaction, steam ethane cracking, propane cracking, steam methane reforming, and dry methane reforming.

A system includes production tubing, a first packer, a second packer, one or more first ports, and one or more first conduits. The production tubing extends downhole through multiple subsurface formations including a first formation and a second formation that are gas-bearing formations and a third formation separating the first formation and the second formation. The first packer is positioned in the third formation. The second packer is positioned uphole of the formations. The one or more first ports extend through the production tubing downhole of the first packer. The first ports are movable between an open configuration and a closed configuration. The one or more first conduits extend from a first opening in an outer surface of the production tubing to a second opening in the outer surface of the production tubing, with a first valve positioned between the first opening and the second opening.

To provide a combustion system capable of suppressing emission of greenhouse effect gas caused by mixed combustion of combustion supporting fuel with mixed gas containing inert gas and hydrocarbon gas while suppressing atmospheric emission of hydrocarbon gas.SOLUTION: A combustion system 1 includes: a membrane separation device 3 that generates process gas Gp obtained by separating at least part of nitrogen gas Gn from mixed gas Gm by using a separation membrane; a boiler 19 capable of burning at least any of methane gas Gh, the mixed gas Gm and the process gas Gp; and a mixed gas control section 6 that controls supply of the mixed gas Gm to the membrane separation device 3. When inert gas ratio determination means 9 determines a ratio is larger than a first threshold value, the mixed gas control section 6 supplies the mixed gas Gm from a mixed gas line 2 to the membrane separation device 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The subject of the present invention is the use, for reducing the emissions of nitrogen oxides and at least one type of polluting agent chosen from carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons during the combustion of a liquid fuel in a compression-ignition internal combustion engine, of an additive composition comprising: (i) one or more additives chosen from compounds having in their structure at least one alkyl-phenol group; and (ii) one or more cetane index-improving additives; in which the mass ratio of the quantity of additive(s) (i) to the quantity of additive(s) (ii) is in the range from 1:3 to 3:1.The present invention also relates to a method for reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides and at least one type of polluting agent chosen from carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons during the combustion of a liquid fuel in a compression-ignition internal combustion engine, using this additive composition.

The invention discloses a hexagonal scandium hydrogen compound and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking a borane ammine complex as a solid hydrogen source, tabletting the borane ammine complex and elemental scandium through a mold, and stacking according to'hydrogen source-scandium-hydrogen source '; loading the assembly into a CVD diamond single crystal tube with holes, and carrying out secondary wrapping with NaCl to form a sealed reaction unit; carrying out segmented pressurization / depressurization in a cubic press, electrifying and segmented heating under the condition of 800-1200 DEG C, and carrying out pressure maintaining and cooling to complete synthesis; according to the method, local high hydrogen partial pressure is established under the action of moderate high pressure and double-layer sealing, external introduction of high-pressure hydrogen is avoided, and the equipment complexity and the safety risk are reduced; the product prepared by the invention is hexagonal-phase ScH3, can stably exist at normal temperature and normal pressure, and is different from cubic-phase ScH3 which can only be synthesized under an extreme high-pressure condition and cannot be kept stable after pressure relief, XRD and structure refinement are consistent with the standard, and the process can be repeated and amplified.

The invention relates to a process for producing hydrogen by reforming hydrocarbons with steam, and separating carbon dioxide. The process comprises an endothermic reforming step and an autothermal reforming step for producing a synthesis gas stream, wherein the heat produced in the autothermal reforming step is used for heating in the endothermic reforming step. The process further comprises a step of converting the obtained synthesis gas stream to enrich hydrogen, a step of separating the thus produced hydrogen by pressure swing adsorption, and a step of separating carbon dioxide from the residual gas obtained from the pressure swing adsorption. The reforming units for the endothermic reforming step and the autothermal reforming step are arranged in parallel to each other or in series.

Processes for converting methane and / or other hydrocarbons to synthesis gas (i.e., a gaseous mixture comprising H2 and CO) are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the hydrocarbon(s) is reacted with CO2. At least a second portion of the methane may be reacted with H2O (steam), thereby improving overall thermodynamics of the process, in terms of reducing endothermicity (ΔH) and the required energy input, compared to “pure” dry reforming in which no H2O is present. Such dry reforming (reaction with CO2 only) or CO2-steam reforming (reaction with both CO2 and steam) processes are advantageously integrated with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to yield liquid hydrocarbon fuels. Further integration may involve the use of a downstream finishing stage involving hydroisomerization to remove FT wax. Yet other integration options involve the use of combined CO2-steam reforming and FT synthesis stages (optionally with finishing) for producing liquid fuels from gas streams generated in a number of possible processes, including the hydropyrolysis of biomass.

The invention relates to a drilling fluid having adsorbent particles added to it and also to a method of drilling a well into a subterranean hydrocarbon reservoir. The adsorbent particles adsorb benzene and toluene that has been taken up in the drilling fluid from the hydrocarbon reservoir. This mitigates the problem of benzene vapor being released at the surface, especially at the shaker. The adsorbent particles can be of a size that allows them to be separated from rock cuttings in the shaker and recirculated into the drilling fluid. When the drilling job is complete, the adsorbent particles may be disposed of safely.

A method and a process arrangement for producing hydrocarbons from plastic-based raw material by a gasification in an integrated process The integrated process includes a gasification unit for forming a gasification product, a steam cracking unit for forming a cracking product and a recovery unit for recovering hydrocarbons. The plastic-based raw material is gasified with steam in the gasification unit having at least one fluidized bed gasifier and the gasification product is formed, the gasification product is cooled at least partly for slowing and / or stopping the chemical reactions after the gasification, The gasification product is supplied to a quench tower of the gasification unit in which the gasification product is treated and condensable components are removed from the gasification product forming a treated gasification product, and the treated gasification product and the cracking product of the steam cracking unit are supplied to the recovery unit for separating and recovering hydrocarbons.

Systems and systems to generate clean energy and for providing hydrogen capture and carbon capture sequestration are provided. Heat from partial oxidation of hydrocarbon fuel is used to generate clean power via one or more heat engines together with hydrogen capture and carbon capture sequestration.

The disclosure relates to a method of processing a material including: receiving a hydrocarbon, polymeric, and / or waste input material to be processed within a reaction chamber; energizing one or more sets of electrodes, each set of electrodes including an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, each anode electrode and cathode electrode having an electrode tip exposed to the reaction chamber; and creating an electrical arc between the anode electrode tip and the cathode electrode tip within the reaction chamber to subject at least some of the input material to electrical arcing, thereby reacting at least a portion of the input material and forming a processed material. The processed material includes hydrogen and at least one of carbon monoxide and solid carbon.

The invention refers to an insulating lining, a use of an alumina-based part, a reactor for hydrocarbon reforming and a process for hydrocarbon reforming.

Preventing the flow of soil grains into oil and gas wells is highly desirable for the protection of hydrocarbon production. Geotechnical engineering solutions addressing this issue may utilize enzyme-induced precipitation methods to consolidate and increase shear strength. Methods may comprise: providing a mixture comprising urea, a urease enzyme, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and a cellulose; contacting at least a portion of the mixture with at least a portion of a subterranean formation; and forming a biomineral precipitate within the subterranean formation. The biomineral precipitate, comprised of a carbonate mineral and an evaporite mineral, may consolidate particles within the subterranean formation to form a consolidated body.

Process and plant for producing hydrocarbon products from a solid renewable feed-stock, where in a thermal decomposition section such as a pyrolysis section for the treatment of the solid renewable feedstock, a pyrolysis off-gas stream and a pyrolysis oil stream are generated, and where after hydroprocessing of the pyrolysis oil in a hydroprocessing section, a hydrogen-rich stream and an off-gas stream comprising hydrocarbons are produced. A portion of the hydrogen-rich stream is used as a recycle gas stream in the hydroprocessing section for the production of said hydrocarbon products, such as naphtha and diesel, and another portion may be used for hydrogen production in a hydrogen producing unit, while the off-gas stream is used together with the pyrolysis off-stream in the hydrogen producing unit. The produced hydrogen, i.e. make-up hydrogen, is used in the hydroprocessing section.

This invention provides a catalyst state determination method that can determine the future state of the catalyst. [Solution] The catalyst state determination method involves a reactor 12 that generates hydrocarbons by contacting a catalyst 15 with raw materials containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen, measuring the temperature of the catalyst 15 heated by the generation of hydrocarbons at multiple measurement positions PO along the direction in which the raw materials flow, and determining the state of the catalyst 15 based on the relationship between the multiple measurement positions PO and the temperatures of the catalyst 15 measured at the multiple measurement positions PO.

To provide a hydrogen production system and a hydrocarbon production system reduced in operation cost.SOLUTION: A hydrogen production system includes a hydrogen compound member, a water supply member for supplying water to the hydrogen compound member, and a heat recovery device for recovering adsorption heat generated when hydrogen generated by decomposing a part of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of the hydrogen compound member is adsorbed by the hydrogen compound member. The hydrocarbon production system includes a hydrogen compound member, a water supply member that supplies water to the hydrogen compound member, a heat recovery device that recovers heat of adsorption generated when hydrogen generated by decomposition of a portion of the water into hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of the hydrogen compound member is adsorbed by the hydrogen compound member, a heating device that heats the hydrogen compound member to which the hydrogen has been adsorbed, and a gas supply device that supplies a carbon dioxide-containing gas containing carbon dioxide to the hydrogen compound member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The disclosure relates to systems and methods for using waste heat to increase crude yield, reduce an amount of water in hydrocarbon products and enhance pipeline integrity in a gas oil separation plant.

The invention provides a double-membrane recombination hydrogen production reactor and a hydrogen production method, and belongs to the field of fuel cells, the double-membrane recombination hydrogen production reactor comprises a reaction chamber, a deoxidized fiber bundle, a dehydrogenated fiber bundle and a gasification unit, the reaction chamber provides a reaction space for a hydrogen-containing compound and water; the dehydrogenated fiber bundle and the deoxidized fiber bundle are arranged in the reaction chamber, and the deoxidized fiber bundle is used for separating oxygen from air; the gasification unit comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger which are sequentially connected, a hydrogen-containing compound and water sequentially flow through the third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger to be heated and gasified, and the dehydrogenation fiber bundle dehydrogenates the heated hydrogen-containing compound and water. Compared with the prior art, the problems that a traditional reforming hydrogen production reactor is complex in structure, high in processing cost, low in heat and mass transfer efficiency and low in response speed, and generated hydrogen contains impurities are solved.

Methods for thermal cracking of a hydrocarbon to produce hydrogen gas are provided. The method includes the steps of: a. pumping a molten medium to flow through a reactor; b. mixing the hydrocarbon into the molten medium such that the mixed hydrocarbon and molten medium are carried through the reactor; c. at least while the mixed hydrocarbon and molten medium are being carried through the reactor, maintaining a temperature of the molten medium within at least a portion of the reactor at an operating temperature sufficient to thermally crack the hydrocarbon such that the hydrocarbon in the mixed molten medium and hydrocarbon is thermally cracked to yield carbon and a product gas; and d. injecting gas into the reactor to enhance the separation of the carbon from an interface of the molten medium to a collector of the reactor. Reactors for carrying out the methods are also provided.

The application relates to the technical field of oil exploitation and discloses a gas combustion system and a carbon dioxide oil displacement system, wherein the gas combustion system comprises a supply device, a fluidized bed boiler and a cyclone separator; the supply device is provided with a containing cavity for storing hydrocarbons, and the supply device is provided with a supply port in communication with the containing cavity; the fluidized bed boiler is provided with a hearth for burning the hydrocarbons, and the fluidized bed boiler is provided with a first boiler port, a second boiler port, a third boiler port and a fourth boiler port in communication with the hearth respectively, the first boiler port is in communication with the supply port, and the second boiler port is in communication with the atmosphere; and the cyclone separator is provided with a separation cavity for separating flue gas discharged from the hearth. The application can realize the combination of the carbon dioxide oil displacement technology and the gas combustion system in the technical field of oil exploitation, and provides a new idea for the preparation of carbon dioxide and oil displacement.

A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon from a hydrocarbon gas includes contacting at a temperature between 600° C. and 1000° C. the catalyst with the hydrocarbon gas to catalytically convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon gas to hydrogen and graphitic carbon, wherein the catalyst is a low grade iron oxide.

Gas monitoring systems (500) and methods for determining a burning hydrocarbon effluent gas plume property. A laser emission system emits laser beams (564) along a path through the plume (532). A detection system facilitates determining intensity data indicative of intensities of the laser beams (564) backscattered by a surface (522) after passing through the plume (532). The laser emission system emits a first laser beam (564) along the path while tuning its wavelength around a wavelength corresponding to a CO2 spectral absorption line. The laser emission system emits a second laser beam (564) along the path while tuning its wavelength around a wavelength corresponding to a spectral absorption line of a second predetermined gas. The processing system determines a first concentration path length of the CO2 based on the first intensity data, a second concentration path length of the second predetermined gas based on the second intensity data, and the plume property based on the determined concentration path lengths. The plume property may be the rate of emission of the second predetermined gas or the combustion efficiency.

Provided is a method for producing an olefin, which can improve the yield of olefin while reducing the production of by-products. [Solution] The production method of the present disclosure includes the following steps: Step S13: A step of catalytically cracking a mixed gas of hydrocarbons and a carrier gas with a catalyst containing zeolite to obtain olefins. The amount of acid sites of the zeolite-containing catalyst measured by ammonia temperature-programmed desorption at 250 to 650°C is more than 0 and 800 μmol / g or less. The mass (g) of the catalyst containing zeolite is divided by the mass-based flow rate (g / sec) of the hydrocarbon. The required contact time is 200 to 1000 seconds. In the mixed gas, the mass of the carrier gas is 0.05 to 1, assuming that the mass of the hydrocarbon is 1.

This hydrogen production system comprises: a hydrogen compound member; a water supply member for supplying water to the hydrogen compound member; and a heat recovery device for recovering adsorption heat that is generated when hydrogen, which is generated by decomposing some of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of the hydrogen compound member, is adsorbed to the hydrogen compound member. This hydrocarbon production system comprises: a hydrogen compound member; a water supply member for supplying water to the hydrogen compound member; a heat recovery device for recovering adsorption heat that is generated when hydrogen, which is generated by decomposing some of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of the hydrogen compound member, is adsorbed to the hydrogen compound member; a heating device for heating the hydrogen compound member to which hydrogen is adsorbed; and a gas supply device for supplying a carbon dioxide-containing gas that contains carbon dioxide to the hydrogen compound member.

An exhaust gas treatment system including a hydrocarbon storage model and a controller operatively connected to the hydrocarbon storage model, the controller configured to perform a method for determining a hydrocarbon storage level of a hydrocarbon trap, the method comprising determining a first reaction rate representing a hydrocarbon adsorption rate at non-acidic sites of the hydrocarbon trap, determining a second reaction rate representing a hydrocarbon desorption rate at non-acidic sites of the hydrocarbon trap, determining a third reaction rate representing a hydrocarbon adsorption rate at acidic sites of the hydrocarbon trap, determining a fourth reaction rate,which represents a hydrocarbon desorption rate at acidic sites of the hydrocarbon trap and comprises determining the hydrocarbon storage level in the hydrocarbon trap based on the first reaction rate, the second reaction rate, the third reaction rate, and the fourth reaction rate.

Method and apparatus for converting waste solid sustainable carbon material to chemical products is described herein. The methods add hydrocarbon derived from fossil sources to gas derived from gasifying waste solid sustainable carbon material to enhance hydrogen availability, and in some cases carbon availability, for production of the chemical products. Carbon dioxide made by the process is at least partially sequestered to yield a chemical manufacturing process with environmental burden substantially less than conventional processes. Use of the hydrocarbon boosts yield of final products.

The invention relates to the technical field of xenon recovery, and discloses a xenon online recovery and purification system, which comprises an inlet used for introducing xenon to be recovered; the two leather bag containers are used for alternately recovering and conveying xenon; the booster pump is used for boosting the low-pressure xenon output by the leather bag container to high pressure; the vacuum pump is used for pumping air and impurities in the system and establishing a vacuum environment; the buffer cavity is used for stabilizing the pressurized xenon pressure and avoiding pulse fluctuation; the purifier is used for removing impurities such as oxygen, water vapor and hydrocarbon in the xenon and improving the purity of the xenon; and the purity analyzer is used for monitoring the purity of the xenon in real time. By means of alternate operation of the double leather bag containers, the interval between inflation and deflation of a single container is eliminated, uninterrupted recovery of low-pressure xenon is achieved, efficiency is remarkably improved, after the xenon is pressurized through the booster pump, the xenon reaches the pressure suitable for recovery and purification, purification is conducted through the purifier, and recovery and purification of the xenon are achieved.

The application relates to the technical field of gas sensors, in particular to a high-temperature solid-state gas sensor and application thereof. The high-temperature solid-state gas sensor comprises an electrolyte layer and sensing electrode layers and reference electrode layers located on both sides of the electrolyte layer; wherein the electrolyte layer contains a cation-anion ion conductor oxide, and the cation-anion ion conductor oxide can conduct protons and oxygen ions. The high-temperature solid-state gas sensor provided by the application contains the cation-anion ion conductor oxide capable of conducting protons and oxygen ions in the electrolyte layer, can be used for simultaneously detecting hydrogen-containing gas, oxygen-containing gas and hydrocarbon gas, and has better applicability to the to-be-detected gas.

Page 1 of 1 Summary of the invention. The process for controlling the shape and characteristics of graphite in the manufacturing process. Graphite, the assembly process involves: bringing the metal catalyst into contact with the gas. Hydrocarbons are heated to an increased temperature in order to convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon gas into hydrogen. And carbon with a catalyst; where the temperature is between 600°C and 1000°C and the pressure is between 0°C. Bar (gauge) and 100 bar (gauge), and where both temperature and pressure are set within a specified range. Preliminary steps are taken to selectively synthesize graphite materials with the desired shape and characteristics.

The utility model relates to a gas chromatography detection system for analyzing trace impurity hydrocarbon in ultrapure ammonia. Comprising an ultrapure ammonia gas quantitative sampling unit, and the ultrapure ammonia gas quantitative sampling unit is connected with a detection unit through a C1-C3 pre-separation unit; the detection unit comprises a DID detector, an inlet of the DID detector is connected with a fourth interface of a switching valve VIII, a first interface of the switching valve VIII is connected with a third carrier gas pipeline, a second interface of the switching valve VIII is connected with a second emptying pipeline, and a third interface of the switching valve VIII is connected with C1-C3 pre-separation units through a special capillary column; the device has the characteristics of simple structure, reasonable design, simplicity in operation, high detection sensitivity of the system, capability of ensuring that all components do not interfere with each other to generate peaks and capability of preventing main components from polluting a chromatographic column and a detector.