2422 results about "Furfural" patented technology

Methods of making glucose and/or furfural from biomass require one or more supercritical fluids that may be used to process biomass, cellulose from the biomass, and/or xylose from the biomass. Examples of supercritical fluids for use in processing biomass include ethanol, water, and carbon dioxide at a temperature and pressure above the critical points for ethanol and carbon dioxide but at a temperature and/or pressure below that of the critical point for water. A supercritical fluid containing carbon dioxide and water may be used to convert cellulose to glucose or convert xylose to furfural. The fluid has a temperature and pressure above the critical point of carbon dioxide, but at least one of the temperature and pressure is below the critical point for water.

The invention discloses a fertilizing and conditioning agent for improving the saline alkali soil, and the fertilizing and conditioning agent includes an organic material, an inorganic material and a regulator for the plant growth, wherein, the weight proportion between the organic material and the inorganic material is 3:2 to 1:1. The organic material is fermented and maturated by one or a plurality of such organic matters as town living sludge, excrements of livestock and poultry, and furfural slag; and the inorganic material is formed by one or a plurality of such industrial waste and materials as desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, and ammonium sulphate. Moreover, appropriate growth regulator for plant which is added according to the growing requirements can not only improve the saline alkali soil and fertilize the soil, but also can improve the plant growth and promote the plant to grow well as well as providing an effective path for promoting the recycling of the waste resources and reducing the secondary pollution to the town and the country.

A process for producing levulinic acid and its esters from biomass is disclosed comprising: (i) feed preparation module characterized by subjecting biomass to a high-temperature refining treatment; (ii) hydrolysis reaction module that facilitates the hydrolysis of biomass to its respective sugars and their subsequent transformation to levulinic acid, formic acid, furfural, and char as well as facilitates the separation of lignin-based char by-product; (iii) product separation and recovery module utilizing a solvent extraction technique such as using furfural by-product as extracting solvent; and (iv) optionally, conversion of levulinic acid to levulinate ester. When desired, the disclosed process may be integrated into existing pulp mills.

The invention discloses a soda saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment agent and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of control agents for improving moderate and severe soda salinization. The comprehensive treatment agent consists of a modifier and an organic fertilizer, wherein, components of the modifier comprise humic acid, zeolite, a acid conditioner, fly ash and furfural residue; and the components of the organic fertilizer comprise fermented chicken manure, crushed straw and wood vinegar liquid. The comprehensive treatment agent is applied at 13-17t per 1 hectare of saline-alkali land before harrowing and transplanting. The action mechanism of the soda saline alkali land comprehensive treatment agent integrate physical and chemical functions of chemical salifying, complexing, neutralizing, ion exchange, adsorption, desorption, passivation, fixing, preventing salt accumulation, emulsion breaking and like; which increase CEC by times, desorbs and leaches base and basic group in soil, significantly decrease the pH value, greatly reduce soluble Na ions; and a formed anti-salt accumulation plow pan structure really takes effect of 'salt isolation' and 'alkali decrease', thus realizing rice harvest in the same year of construction and cultivation.

A method for producing furfural from lignocellulosic biomass material is provided, comprising (a) contacting the lignocellulosic biomass material with a mixture comprising water and an organic acid at a temperature of at least 100° C. and a pressure of at most 10 bar (absolute) to obtain a first liquid stream comprising hydrolysed hemicellulose and a second stream comprising lignin and cellulose; (b) maintaining the first liquid stream comprising hydrolysed hemicellulose at a temperature of at least 130° C. to obtain a second liquid stream comprising furfural; and (c) separating the furfural obtained in step b) from the second liquid stream.

The invention relates to a new synthesis route of a liquid branched paraffin fuel, the method adopts a lignocellulose based platform compound as a raw material and is completely independent of fossil energy. The liquid fuel obtained by the method can be used as an aviation kerosene (or diesel) substitute or as an additive to increase the cetane number and cold resistance of fuel. The method provided by the invention includes two steps of: 1) under the promotion of a base catalyst, subjecting a lignocellulose based furfural compound (including furfural, methylfurfural or 5 hydroxymethylfurfural) and branched chain keto (including methyl isobutyl ketone, and mesityl oxide, etc.) to aldol condensation reaction so as to synthesize an oxygen-containing organic compound with a carbon chain length of 9-16; and 2) conducting hydrodeoxygenation on the aldol condensation product generated in step1 to obtain biomass aviation kerosene branched hydrocarbon with a carbon chain length of 9-16, higher energy density, stability and low freezing point.

The invention belongs to the technical field of road asphalt modification and relates to an ultraviolet aging-resistant compound modified asphalt, wherein on the basis of 100 parts by weight of matrix asphalt, in parts by weight, 1-6 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 3-18 parts of waste rubber powder, 5-10 parts of rock asphalt, 0.3-2.5 parts of sweller, 0.03-0.2 part of activator, 0.1-1 part of plasticizer and 0.2-0.5 part of stabilizer are further added, wherein the sweller is furfural extract oil which is subjected to dewaxing treatment previously; the furfural extract oil contains 60wt%-88wt% of aromatic components which contain 40-65wt% of heavy aromatic hydrocarbon; and the waste rubber powder is waste rubber tire tread rubber powder having the content of carbon black between 28wt% and 58wt% and the grain diameter between 45 and 80 meshes. The ultraviolet aging-resistant compound modified asphalt provided by the invention is up to the standard of the polymer modified asphalt in performance, and the ultraviolet aging resistance of the asphalt is improved to a large extent; and waste resources are utilized.

The invention relates to a process for producing furfural from xylose comprising: (a) mixing an aqueous xylose solution containing xylose oligosaccharides with sub-critical or near-critical water to form a mixture at a first temperature and a first pressure; (b) maintaining the mixture at the first temperature and the first pressure for a first time period; and (c) rapidly cooling the mixture to a second temperature and a second pressure, wherein furfural is produced by the process (d) process can also be carried out with or without mixing of carbon dioxide with aqueous xylose solution before it is mixed with sub-critical or near-critical water to form a mixture at a first temperature and pressure.

The invention relates to a catalyst used in a ring-opening hydrogenation reaction of a furan derivative. The catalyst is applied to direct preparation of one-step ring-opening hydrogenation of 1,5-pentanediol and 1,2-pentanediol by taking furfural or furfuryl alcohol serving as a raw material under a mild condition. The catalyst can provide two active ingredients, namely the ring-opening active center of a transition metal oxide and the hydrogenation active center of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Co or Ni, wherein the active center of the transition metal oxide is mainly used for adsorbing furfural or furfuryl alcohol and directly hydrogenating a furan ring for opening the furan ring; and the hydrogenation active center of a noble metal or Co, Ni and the like is mainly used for quickly hydrogenating an intermediate material and hydrogenating subsequent enol so as to obtain 1,5-pentanediol and 1,2-pentanediol. An environmentally-friendly, reproducible, low-cost, mild and effective method is provided for producing 1,5-pentanediol and 1,2-pentanediol. The high-performance ring-opening hydrogenation catalyst is also suitable for the ring-opening hydrogenation reaction of other furan derivatives.

This invention relates to improved adhesion compositions and textile materials and articles treated therewith. The improved adhesion composition comprises a non-crosslinked resorcinol-formaldehyde and/or resorcinol-furfural condensate (or a phenol-formaldehyde condensate that is soluble in water), a rubber latex, and an aldehyde component such as 2-furfuraldehyde. The composition may be applied to textile substrates and used for improving the adhesion between the treated textile substrates and rubber materials. End-use articles that contain the treated textile-rubber composite include, without limitation, automobile tires, belts, and hoses as well as printing blankets.

This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. In some variations, biomass is extracted to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers and cellulose-rich solids; hemicellulosic oligomers are removed; and the cellulose-rich solids are torrefied to produce energy-dense biomass. In some embodiments, hydrotorrefaction is employed to produce hydrophobic, energy-dense biomass in an energy-efficient process that avoids intermediate drying between extraction/hydrolysis and torrefaction. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized or directly combusted or gasified. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars and then fermented to ethanol or other products, or further reacted to produce furfural or other products.

The invention relates to a catalyst which using N-doped porous carbon as a carrier to support metal. The catalyst is composed of 0.1wt%-30wt% of metal particles and 70wt%-99.9wt% of bio-N-doped porous carbon carrier, and can be used for catalyzing aqueous phase hydrogenation of bio-furfural to highly selectively prepare furfural alcohol or cyclopentanone. The catalyst uses the raw materials which are renewable resources, wide in distribution, green and environmental, simple and easy to obtain, rich in resource, low in cost, free from inactivation when recycled for more than 50 times, and stable to air, water and heat. For example, in reaction of catalyzing the hydrogenation of the furfural to prepare the furfural alcohol, conversion rate of the supported metal catalyst can reach 100% and selectivity of the furfural alcohol is larger than 99% in an aqueous phase system.

An organosolv process for producing bio-products by decomposing lignocellulosic materials comprises providing an initial lignin solvent with water, an acid, and a lignin dissolving chemical comprising at least one of an organic ester, butyl acetate, an organic furan, and furfural. The process also includes placing the lignin solvent in contact with a biomass to form a circulation solvent, and recycling at least a portion of the circulation solvent by circulating the circulation solvent back into contact with the biomass. The circulating of the circulation solvent occurs for a period of time, after which, the process then includes separating material such as chemicals and lignin from the circulation solvent. The chemicals can be recycled as new solvent or sold while lignin can be used as natural and renewable colorant for polymers such as poly lactic acid.

This invention discloses a method for separating biomass organic components. The method comprises: washing classified raw materials, decomposing in a high-pressure reactor under the actions of microwave and ultrasonic wave, and extracting organic components from biomass with 20-70 vol. % aqueous solution of an organic solvent. The separation process comprises: (1) extracting low-temperature-soluble organic component from biomass at 40-120 deg.C under 0.4-0.6 MPa; (2) separating cellulose pulp at 160-220 deg.C; (3) separating acetic acid, lignin and furfural from the liquid (separated by solid-liquid separation) by centrifuge and precipitation. According to different plants, the powers and frequencies of microwave and ultrasonic wave, as well as the reaction temperature and time can be adjusted. The method has such advantages as low organic molecule loss, little change, no harm of the products, high cellulose purity (higher than 95%), low lignin residue (not higher than 2%), and no environmental pollution.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a porous calcium titanate heavy metal adsorbent. In the method, the porous flaky calcium titanate heavy metal adsorbent is prepared by taking solid wastes in furfural industry, namely furfural residues as a template agent by a sol-gel method. The method comprises the following steps of: crushing the dried furfural residues, adding calcium titanate sol, stirring uniformly, and drying to obtain a furfural residue-calcium titanate gel composite; and calcining at high temperature, and oxidizing and decomposing organic matters in the furfural residues and the calcium titanate gel to obtain the porous calcium titanate adsorbent. The porous calcium titanate heavy metal adsorbent is used for adsorbing and removing multiple kinds of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, silver and the like simultaneously. The furfural residues are used as the template agent, so the solid wastes are utilized, and the high adsorbability and high stability of the calcium titanate are utilized simultaneously; and the adsorbent synthesized by the method has the advantages of low cost, simple process, large adsorption capacity, wide application range, high hydrothermal stability, high acid and alkali resistance, and the like, and is convenient to regenerate and recover.

Provided is a process for producing biomass-based product from straw hemicellulose and utilizing the components thereof thoroughly. Steam-explosion and acid-hydrolysis are combined in the pre-treatment of straw in the process, thus a higher concentration of a sugar liquid can be obtained, and furfural and acetic acid can be recovered. The hemicellulose obtained by the pre-treatment can be used directly as ferment materials for producing butanol, succinic acid, butylene glycol, lactic acid, hydrogen and firedamp, which reduces the cost of these biomass-based products. The cellulose and lignin obtained by extracting the straw with an alkaline solution can produce products, such as sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose etc. In the process, all components in the straw can be utilized thoroughly and waste and pollutant will not be produced.

The invention discloses a method for preparing 2-methyltetrahydrofuran from waste biomass, which comprises the following steps: carrying out acid hydrolysis reaction on the waste biomass to obtain furfural and levulinic acid; sequentially carrying out first hydrogenation reaction and second hydrogenation reaction on the furfural to obtain the 2-methyltetrahydrofuran; and carrying out hydrogenation reaction on the levulinic acid to obtain the 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. The method provided by the invention more sufficiently utilizes the waste biomass, and adopts non-noble metal catalysts, thereby lowering the production cost.

The invention belongs to the technical field of manure, and in particular relates to special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic and a production method for the special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic. The special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic comprises the following components: furfural residue, mushroom bran, composite microbial agent, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, plant ash, potassium sulfate, animal manure, potassium humate, rice hull powder and rape seed cakes. The special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic, prepared by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, contains a large amount of nutrients required for the growth of garlic and various trace elements and amino acids, and has the effects of efficiently, synergistically and enduringly improving soil, improving the fertility, resisting diseases and the like; in addition, soil probiotic floras are added into organic matters, so that the nutrients can be better absorbed and utilized, and the micro-ecological environment of the soil can be continually repaired. Through testing, the special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic, disclosed by the invention, can be used for effectively improving the yield of garlic by 20-30%.

The invention discloses a system and method to produce furfural with agricultural wastes, which is characterized by the following: choosing two-step method; comprising hydrolysis system and dehydration distilling system; setting the hydrolysis system as N grade hydrolysis autoclave with end-to-end; proceeding continuous hydrolysis for the agricultural wastes; generating pentose solution; setting the dehydration distilling system as dehydration distilling unit and dehydration reclaiming unit; dewatering and distilling for the pentose solution with the dehydration distilling unit; getting furfural steam; setting the dehydration reclaiming unit as at least one grade dewatering reactor; further-dewatering; generating furfural steam; sending into dehydration distilling tower; distilling continuously; sending the waste water from the dehydration reclaiming unit back to dehydration system; realizing zero discharge for waste water. This invention possesses high productivity, low energy consumption and warm reacting condition, which can be used as raw material to produce alcohol.

The invention provides a method for preparing cyclopentanone and/or cyclopentanol by furfural or furfuryl alcohol. The method includes the following steps of firstly, mixing furfural or furfuryl alcohol with solvent according to proportion; secondly, adding catalyst with hydrogenating function into the mixture in the first step; and thirdly, reacting in the reducing atmosphere to obtain cyclopentanone and/or cyclopentanol. The method for preparing cyclopentanone and/or cyclopentanol by furfural or furfural alcohol is high in yield of the cyclopentanone and/or cyclopentanol, and further, is simple in process, convenient to operate, mild in reaction conditions, no carbon deposition is caused during the whole reaction, the catalyst is low in cost and easy to obtain and can be reused without lowering activity.