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Technical method for separating organic constituent of biomass

A process method and biomass technology, applied in the direction of sugar derivatives, sugar derivatives, organic chemistry, etc., can solve the problems of poor utilization of urban plant waste, waste of organic components, large pollution, etc., and achieve good adjustable Effects of controllability, improvement of response speed, and reduction of production cost

Active Publication Date: 2007-12-26
贾海涛
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Problems solved by technology

Cellulose is mainly composed of plants and is mainly used to produce pulp and chemical fiber pulp. The existing production process has low utilization rate of raw materials, which leads to serious environmental damage such as water pollution and air pollution, but the social demand is increasing day by day. , the urban plant waste is not well utilized, it can only be landfilled or burned to generate electricity, and the use value is very low. It can only effectively make full use of plants and biomass resources, but it puts forward higher requirements for production technology
The organic solvent treatment method is a new method, which can effectively separate, extract and utilize plants, but it also has many disadvantages, such as strong raw material selectivity, many plants cannot be applied, different plant effects vary greatly, there are many lignin residues, and the separation reaction time is long.
[0003] At present, in many plant treatment processes at home and abroad, chemical acid-base method, physical blasting method, biological enzyme method and other methods are used, which not only pollutes a lot, consumes a lot of energy and water, but also fails to fully utilize the plants, resulting in varying degrees of pollution and high cost, it is difficult to promote in the market, and the raw materials are limited, only a single or a small number of plant species can be used, and the quality of cellulose pulp is low, which can only meet the requirements of pulp, and even can only be used to produce low-grade pulp. The effect of the process is to take only a little and discard the rest, so that many organic components are wasted and appear in the form of pollution. The factory can only invest in pollution treatment projects, and the cost increases, making it unaffordable for small factories.
Some new processes have too many limitations and are difficult to promote. The cellulose pulp produced basically does not meet the requirements of chemical fiber pulp; while the process that can meet the standard of chemical fiber pulp has complex operating processes, low yield and low cost. high and polluted

Method used

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  • Technical method for separating organic constituent of biomass

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] Embodiment 1 (taking Cizhu as raw material)

[0027] Wash and chop Cizhu into bamboo pieces of about 1cm×1cm, fully dry, and evaporate the water remaining on the plants after cleaning; take 500g, put it into a high-pressure reaction kettle, and add ethanol with a concentration of 500% by volume 0.5L aqueous solution, make it wet, under normal pressure, use 2450MHz, 750W microwave, heat for 5min; then add 1L of 50vol% ethanol aqueous solution, keep at 60℃ under 0.5MPa pressure, and then use 50KHz, 300W ultrasonic wave and 2450MHz, 750W microwave for 10min at the same time. After the treatment stops, the solid-liquid separation is carried out through a filter screen. The liquid separated from the solid-liquid is an ethanol aqueous solution containing extract components. The liquid is distilled under reduced pressure at 55°C and the pressure is 7KPa. After volatilizing water and ethanol, 26g is obtained. The jelly, the main component is a mixture of tannins and alkaloids,...

Embodiment 2

[0028] Embodiment 2 (with wood as raw material)

[0029] Wash the pine wood and chop it into about 0.5cm×0.5cm×0.5cm, fully dry it, evaporate the water remaining on the plant after cleaning; take 500g, put it into the autoclave, add the concentration of 50% by volume 0.5L ethanol aqueous solution, make it infiltrated, under normal pressure, use 2450MHz, 750W microwave, heat for 10min; then add 1L ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 50% by volume, keep it at 80°C under 0.5MPa pressure, and then use 50KHz / 800W ultrasonic wave Work together with 2450MHz / 750W microwave, and treat at the same time for 10 minutes. After the treatment stops, the solid-liquid separation is carried out through the filter screen. The liquid separated from the solid-liquid is ethanol aqueous solution containing the extracted components. The liquid is at 55°C and the pressure is 7KPa. Distilled under reduced pressure, after volatilizing water and ethanol, 75g of jelly was obtained, the main c...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Embodiment 3 (with corn stalk as raw material)

[0031] Wash the corn stalks and chop them into about 2cm×2cm, fully dry, take 500g, put it into a high-pressure reaction kettle, add 0.5L of ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 50% by volume to make it infiltrate, under normal pressure, use 2450MHz microwave 750W, heat for 5min; then add 1L of ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 50% by volume, keep it at 60°C under 0.5MPa pressure, and then use 50KHz, 500W ultrasonic wave and 2450MHz / 750W microwave together to treat for 5min at the same time. After the treatment stops, pass The filter screen is used for solid-liquid separation, and the liquid separated from the solid-liquid is ethanol aqueous solution containing the extracted components. The liquid is distilled under reduced pressure at 55°C and the pressure is 7KPa. After volatilizing water and ethanol, 20g of jelly is obtained. The ingredients are mixtures of tannins, alkaloids, etc., which can...

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Abstract

This invention discloses a method for separating biomass organic components. The method comprises: washing classified raw materials, decomposing in a high-pressure reactor under the actions of microwave and ultrasonic wave, and extracting organic components from biomass with 20-70 vol. % aqueous solution of an organic solvent. The separation process comprises: (1) extracting low-temperature-soluble organic component from biomass at 40-120 deg.C under 0.4-0.6 MPa; (2) separating cellulose pulp at 160-220 deg.C; (3) separating acetic acid, lignin and furfural from the liquid (separated by solid-liquid separation) by centrifuge and precipitation. According to different plants, the powers and frequencies of microwave and ultrasonic wave, as well as the reaction temperature and time can be adjusted. The method has such advantages as low organic molecule loss, little change, no harm of the products, high cellulose purity (higher than 95%), low lignin residue (not higher than 2%), and no environmental pollution.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a separation process of biomass organic components. Background technique [0002] With the increasing contradiction between oil supply and demand and resource shortage, it is an inevitable trend of sustainable development to utilize the inexhaustible biomass resources on the earth and develop the biomass industry. At present, biomass is mainly used in combustion, power generation, liquefaction, gasification, etc. as energy sources, and is also used in pulp and paper making, furniture and other applications. The processing technology requirements are higher. Cellulose is mainly composed of plants and is mainly used to produce pulp and chemical fiber pulp. The existing production process has low utilization rate of raw materials, which leads to serious environmental damage such as water pollution and air pollution, but the social demand is increasing day by day. , urban plant waste is not well utilized, it can only be landfille...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C07G1/00C07H3/00D21B1/12C08H7/00
Inventor 张子宇
Owner 贾海涛
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