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Lignin polymers having distinctive properties, including a generally high molecular weight and generally homogeneous size distribution, as well as preservation of native reactive side groups, are isolated by solvent extraction of plant materials. Methods for isolation of lignin polymers, and for use of the isolated lignin polymers are disclosed. Compositions containing lignin isolated from plant materials, such as carbon fiber composites, resins, adhesive binders and coatings, polyurethane-based foams, rubbers and elastomers, plastics, films, paints, nutritional supplements, food and beverage additives are disclosed. Xylose and xylose derivatives, furfural, fermentable sugars, cellulose and hemi-cellulose products may be used directly or further processed. The lignin polymers and other plant-derived products disclosed herein may be produced in abundance at low cost, and may be used as substitutes for feedstocks originating from fossil fuel or petrochemical sources in the manufacture of various products.

A method of isolating mesenchymal stem cells from amniotic fluid using a two-stage culture protocol comprising culturing amniocytes and culturing mesenchymal stem cells. For culturing amniocytes, primary cultures are set up using routine or standard culture protocol in a cytogenetic laboratory. Non-adhering amniotic fluids cells in the supernatant medium are collected. For culturing mesenchymal stem cells, centrifuge the non-adhering cells and plate them with an alpha-modified Minimum Essential Medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum. Incubate with humidified CO2 for MSC growth. RT-PCR and immunocytochemical analyses reveal that Oct-4 mRNA and Oct-4 protein expressions are detectable in the cultured AFMSCs. Under differentiation culture conditions, the AFMSCs can be induced into multi-lineage cells, such as adipocytes, osteocytes, neuronal cells, etc.

Lignin polymers having distinctive properties, including a generally high molecular weight and generally homogeneous size distribution, as well as preservation of native reactive side groups, are isolated by solvent extraction of plant materials. Methods for isolation of lignin polymers, and for use of the isolated lignin polymers are disclosed. Compositions containing lignin isolated from plant materials, such as carbon fiber composites, resins, adhesive binders and coatings, polyurethane-based foams, rubbers and elastomers, plastics, films, paints, nutritional supplements, food and beverage additives are disclosed. Xylose and xylose derivatives, furfural, fermentable sugars, cellulose and hemi-cellulose products may be used directly or further processed. The lignin polymers and other plant-derived products disclosed herein may be produced in abundance at low cost, and may be used as substitutes for feedstocks originating from fossil fuel or petrochemical sources in the manufacture of various products.

CD-GISAXS achieves reduced measurement times by increasing throughput using longer wavelength radiation (˜12×, for example) such as x-rays in reflective geometry to increase both the collimation acceptance angle of the incident beams and the scattering signal strength, resulting in a substantial combined throughput gain. This wavelength selection and geometry can result in a dramatic reduction in measurement time. Furthermore, the capabilities of the CD-GISAXS can be extended to meet many of the metrology needs of future generations of semiconductor manufacturing and nanostructure characterization, for example.

The supercapacitor-based grid fault ride-through system provides a dynamic model of a wind generation system including a Voltage Source Converter (VSC), which functions as a Static Compensator (STATCOM). The power control capability of the STATCOM is extended by incorporating energy stored in a supercapacitor. The system implements a vector control technique based on the decoupling of real and reactive power. Simulation results show that a fixed speed induction generator is capable of withstanding a significant grid fault when aided by the supercapacitor-based grid fault ride-through system. Moreover, the induction generator regains its pre-fault status immediately after the fault is cleared.

A display device which makes it possible to shorten a selection period per pixel while compensating variations in a threshold voltage of the driving transistor, and a method for driving the same are achieved. In a pixel circuit Aij, a potential wire Ui is set to a potential Vcc, a voltage of a gate wire Gi becomes Low, a voltage of a control wire Ri becomes High, and a voltage of a control wire Pi becomes High, so that a gate terminal of a driving TFT: Q1 has a potential of a data wire Dj. Moreover, a voltage of the gate wire Gi becomes High so as to compensate a threshold voltage of the driving TFT: Q1. Thereafter, a voltage of the control wire Pi becomes Low, and the potential wire Ui is set to a potential Vc, so that a voltage of a capacitor C1, i.e., a gate-source voltage of the driving TFT is changed. This causes a voltage of the control wire Ri to be Low, so that a driving current is flown into an organic EL: EL1.

Convenience kits designed to provide for closed, but selectable liquid transfer from a vial to a variety of IV containers and medical syringes. In particular, a kit for fully enclosing a vial for safety in hazardous drug transfer is disclosed. Generally, the kits contain unitized parts wherever reasonable to limit makes and breaks. Further, pathway determining kits provide selectable pathways for purging connections wish flushing solution where makes and breaks are made between various fluid pathway involved parts such that, when disconnections are made, flush solution is resident at the exposed interface. Also disclosed is a 3-way valve as part of a closed, switchable pathway controlling subsystem by which pathways are selected for reconstituting dry medicine in a vial, displacing a measured dose of liquid from a vial, exchanging gas into the vial for displaced liquid, delivering the measured dose to an IV container.

A high carbon content and high strength heat-treated steel rail including by weight 0.80-1.20% carbon, 0.20-1.20% silicon, 0.20-1.60% manganese, 0.15-1.20% chromium, 0.01-0.20% vanadium, 0.002-0.050% titanium, less than or equal to 0.030% phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.030% sulfur, less than or equal to 0.010% aluminum, less than or equal to 0.0100% nitrogen, and iron. The steel rail has excellent wear resistance and plasticity and can satisfy the requirement for overloading. A method for producing the steal rail by heating a slab to a heating temperature, multi-pass rolling, and accelerated cooling, wherein a maximum heating temperature (° C.) of said slab is equal to 1,400 minus 100[% C], [% C] representing the carbon content (wt. %) of said slab multiplied by 100.

The invention provides a human movement state detection system and a detection method. The system mainly comprises a human movement data acquisition module, a data processing module, a data normalization mapping module and a movement state matching module. The detection method includes firstly acquiring human movement data, then processing the movement data, establishing a training state sample library and finally distinguishing movement states. By means of the human movement state detection system and the detection method, the technical problems that consumable materials are verbose, environmental requirements are rigor, and large-scale application and popularization in daily life are not allowed in terms of existing recognition and detection methods are solved, by means of programming and a sensor built in an intelligent mobile phone, excess interference with original movement of a user can not be generated, the movement states of the user can be real-timely, rapidly and accurately judged, and a corresponding processing can be performed.

The present invention discloses a press-fitting type jaw overrunning clutch, which can be used as a single or double direction overrunning clutch or a single and double direction controllable glider, and has the characteristics of huge transmissible torque, high rotating speed, no collision, small volume, large impact resistance, simplicity and reliability, and long service life. The present invention is characterized in that the press-fitting type jaw overrunning clutch is provided with a blocking embedding mechanism preventing two embedding mechanisms of a force transmission embedding mechanism and a separation embedding mechanism from being embedded under the overrunning separating condition, the mechanism on the axial direction is positioned in the two mechanisms, and the mechanism on the radial direction is positioned in the two mechanisms, between the two mechanisms or outside the two mechanisms; a lift angle of both sides blocking the working surface is formed to enough ensure the friction self-locking collided on the both sides and the stability of the blocking operating condition, in order that the lift angle has the capabilities that the adaptive axle base is changed and the abrasion is automatically compensated; no collision characteristic of the overrunning operating condition of the two embedding mechanisms is maintained for a long time, and the separating block process and the embedding return process of the embedding mechanism are absolutely reliable. In addition, the direction control mechanism and the condition control mechanism are simple and reliable, the clutch manufacture is relatively easy, the assembly is simple, and the interchangeability of an old part and a new part is strong.

The biphase anaerobic fermentation process of kitchen refuse to produce hydrogen and methane includes the following steps: 1. sorting kitchen refuse and mixing with water in certain amount; 2. mixing with sludge from sewage treating yard and heat treatment; 3. heat exchange between heat treated mixture and mixture without through heat treatment; 4. anaerobic fermentation of the heat treated mixture in the first phase to produce hydrogen; 5. anaerobic fermentation of the residue from the first phase fermentation in the second phase to produce methane; and 6. using the residue from the second phase fermentation as fertilizer or returning to replace sludge serving as hydrogen producing bacteria source. The process is simple, can recover the biomass energy from kitchen refuse effectively, and has no secondary pollution.

A progressive series of five new coils is described. The first coil solves problems of transmit-field inefficiency and inhomogeneity for heart and body imaging, with a close-fitting, 16-channel TEM conformal array design with efficient shield-capacitance decoupling. The second coil progresses directly from the first with automatic tuning and matching, an innovation of huge importance for multi-channel transmit coils. The third coil combines the second, auto-tuned multi-channel transmitter with a 32-channel receiver for best transmit-efficiency, control, receive-sensitivity and parallel-imaging performance. The final two coils extend the innovative technology of the first three coils to multi-nuclear (31P-1H) designs to make practical human-cardiac imaging and spectroscopy possible for the first time at 7 T.

Methods for inserting a polynucleotide sequence into the genome of a human cell are provided. The present methods result in insertion of a polynucleotide sequence of interest into the H11 locus in the genome of a human cell. Also provided are nucleic acids that include sequences for integrating a polynucleotide sequence of interest into the H11 locus in the genome of a human cell. A transgenic human cell including site specific recombination sites at the H11 locus is also disclosed.

A method and apparatus for modeling a neural synapse function in analog hardware whereby the multiplication function inherent to the operation of a neural synapse is computed by applying a voltage on the gate-source terminals and an independent voltage on drain-source terminals of a MOSFET further using the resultant drain current of the latter device in non-saturation mode as function implementing a computation essentially close to multiplication function between the aforesaid voltages. Analog circuit is provided, capable of generating an output current signal which is proportional in magnitude, within a certain range, to a function computing essentially a sum of weighted input signals-products of corresponding pair of current input signal, and voltage control signal applied to a plurality of inputs thus capable of constructing an artificial neuron model.

The invention discloses a lane line detection algorithm based on an instance segmentation neural network framework. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, establishing an instance segmentation model for lane line detection, wherein the instance segmentation model comprises a binary segmentation module branch and an embedded module branch; loading the original image information into a binary segmentation module branch, and segmenting lane line pixels from background pixels; Loading the original image information into an embedding module branch to obtain a pixel embedding vector of alane line; Then clustering the lane line pixels and the pixel embedding vectors; Transforming the original image by using a transformation matrix network module, outputting a projection transformation matrix of the aerial view, and projecting lane line pixels into the aerial view through the projection transformation matrix; and finally, performing lane line fitting on the pixel points projectedinto the aerial view, and outputting a lane line fitting result. According to the method, the calculated amount is reduced, and meanwhile the influence of environment change on the lane line detectioneffect is eliminated.

The production method of sheet billet conticasting tandem-rolling coil sheet is characterized by that said invention adopts the following technical measures: using conticasting machine and making pulling rate of casting blank low, and making the blank material have reasonable section; compactly arranging conticasting machine and heating furnace, making the conticasting blank output roller conveyer and inlet roller conveyer of heating furnace have double purpose, making inlet temp. of casting blank be above 900 deg.C; adopting double furnace and hating; and adopting small-cross charging and tapping process; two-high reversing rougher for three passes, four-high reversing rougher for one pass; and adopting thermal coiler box process of workpiece so as to raise coil sheet quality and reduce its production cost.

The present application discloses methods and devices for increasing the light output of a scintillator. Using the methods of the present disclosure, a very high intensity electric field is applied to a scintillator exposed to ionizing radiation and provides light outputs that far exceeds those previously obtained in the art. The light output gains are very high, on the order of 10 to 100 times those obtained with prior methods, and will make it possible to achieve sufficient brightness to enable the use of a cathode ray tube or a field emission display in new devices. In the field of x-ray imaging, a bright scintillator will have tremendous potential in many important applications, such as computed tomography (CT), SPECT, diagnostic digital radiology, and the like.

Building materials are generated by the simple mixing of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) slurry with typical wood-derived material such as wood meal, optionally with mineral particulate materials, and dried. Particle boards are made with wood meal particulates; wallboards are made with wood particulates and mineral particulates; paints are made with pigment particulates; and cement is made with aggregate particulates. The particle board samples were tested for fracture toughness. The fracture toughness was found to be from 20% higher up to ten times higher than the typical value for similar board, depending on the formulation. For cases of 20% by weight cellulose nanofibers and 80% wood, the fracture toughness was more than double that of typical particle board. The process sequesters carbon and oxygen into the building product for its lifespan—typically decades—and avoid releasing CO2 into the atmosphere.

A display device which makes it possible to shorten a selection period per pixel while compensating variations in a threshold voltage of the driving transistor, and a method for driving the same are achieved. In a pixel circuit Aij, a potential wire Ui is set to a potential Vcc, a voltage of a gate wire Gi becomes Low, a voltage of a control wire Ri becomes High, and a voltage of a control wire Pi becomes High, so that a gate terminal of a driving TFT: Q1 has a potential of a data wire Dj. Moreover, a voltage of the gate wire Gi becomes High so as to compensate a threshold voltage of the driving TFT: Q1. Thereafter, a voltage of the control wire Pi becomes Low, and the potential wire Ui is set to a potential Vc, so that a voltage of a capacitor C1, i.e., a gate-source voltage of the driving TFT is changed. This causes a voltage of the control wire Ri to be Low, so that a driving current is flown into an organic EL: EL1.

A method for manufacturing metal nano particles having a hollow structure is provided. First, a suitable reducing agent is added into a first metal salt solution, and first metal ions are reduced to form first metal nano particles. Next, after the reducing agent is decomposed, a second metal salt solution with a higher reduction potential than that of the first metal is added. Then, the first metal particles are oxidized to form first metal ions when the second metal ions are reduced on the surface of the first metal by electrochemical oxidation reduction reaction, and thus, second metal nano particles having a hollow structure and a larger surface area are obtained. The method is simple and the metal nano particles with uniform particle size are obtained by this method.

The present invention provides a process for constrained clock skew scheduling which computes for a given number of clocking domains the optimal phase shifts for the domains and the assignment of the individual registers to the domains. For the within domain latency values, the algorithm can assume a zero-skew clock delivery or apply a user-provided upper bound. Experiments have demonstrated that a constrained clock skew schedule using a few clocking domains combined with small within-domain latency can reliably implement the full sequential optimization potential to date only possible with an unconstrained clock schedule.

The invention provides a heat resistant aluminum alloy conductor material and a preparation method thereof. The heat resistant aluminum alloy conductor material comprises the following components of 0.06-0.15 % of zirconium, 0.15-0.30 % of erbium, 0.10-0.20 % of iron, less than 0.05 % of silicon, less than 0.01 % of inevitable impurities like titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese and the like and the balance of aluminum. According to the preparation method, the heat resistant aluminum alloy conductor material is directly rolled after each component is fused and cast. The conductor material can realize that the electric conductivity can reach 59.5-60.5 % IACS (International Association Of Classification Societies), the long-term heat resistance temperature can reach 180 DEG C and the short-term heat resistance temperature can reach 210 DEG C without heat treatment; therefore, the conductor material is an electric wire and cable conductor material with great potential. The conductor material can be widely used for construction and capacity expansion reconstruction of electric power engineering; and by using the conductor material, the transmission line capacity is largely increased, the transmission line loss is reduced, the distance between poles of the transmission line can be increased, the line building cost is reduced, the tense corridor resources are saved and obvious economic benefit and energy-saving and environment-friendly significance are obtained. The heat resistant aluminum alloy conductor material provided by the invention has the advantages of reasonable component mixing ratio, simple preparation process, convenience for realizing continuous production and suitability for industrial application; and the production cost and the energy consumption of the heat resistant aluminum alloy can be effectively reduced.

A laminar flow, wet electrostatic precipitator (ESP) with planar collecting electrodes preferably made of membranes, such as a woven silica fiber. The collecting electrodes are spaced close to planar discharge electrodes to promote laminar flow (Re<2300). Charging electrodes are positioned upstream of the wet ESP to charge the particulate entering the wet ESP to promote collection. The wet ESP is preferably downstream from a conventional turbulent dry ESP for collecting a substantial portion of the larger particulate in the gas stream prior to the gas stream entering the wet ESP.

A polar receiver using injection-locking technique includes an antenna, a first filter, a first voltage-controlled oscillator, a first mixer, a frequency discriminator, a second filter, a third filter, a first analog-digital converter, a second analog-digital converter and a digital signal processing unit. Mentioned polar receiver enables to separate an envelope signal and a frequency-modulated signal from a radio frequency signal received from the antenna via the injection locking technique of the first voltage-controlled oscillator and the frequency discriminator. The envelope component and the frequency-modulated component can be digitally processed by the digital signal processing unit to accomplish polar demodulation.

The present invention is a drone for spraying liquid such as pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, plant defoliators, and fertilizers over field crop. The drone comprises: a frame with a slender rigid beam in the middle and two base structures at the two ends, a rigid tube with an array of nozzles on elongated stems and the rigid tube is suspended below the beam structure with retractable wires, at least three propellers on motors with arms that are rotatably mounted to each of the two base structures of the frame, a power source positioned in one of the bases, at least one distance detector for measuring height of the drone above the ground, an antenna for sending and receiving communication signals, an electronic control system to operate motors and sensors, a container for a liquid material with a caped opening for refilling and an air pump to maintain a positive pressure in the container and electronic valve to allow liquid in the container under pressure to be released through a transfer line to be sprayed from the nozzles, and a remote controller for operating the drone. The invention provides a specialized drone that is able to spray liquid solutions over a wide strip of the field at a height close to crop canopy to achieve high efficiency and precision and reduced drift of sprays while the drone flies at a relatively high above the crop canopy for safe operation and avoid damage to crop by air turbulence.

This invention aids a physician and patient during a visit to an office or emergency room by providing the physician with a previously prepared medical history of the patient, which may further preferably include a list of advertisements for medical products compatible with the medical history. The previously prepared medical history is a product of an interview process having significant potential as a statistical indicator of epidemics and early warning indicator of the impact of weapons of bio-terrorism.