The invention discloses a difficulty-adjustable dynamic balance ability training instrument, particularly relates to an active and difficulty-adjustable human body dynamic balance ability training instrument, and belongs to the field of training instruments. The instrument is mainly composed of a training pedal, a cylindrical pin, a hollow hemispheroid, a base, a rope, a bush, a guide pipe, a supporting beam and an adjustable hydraulic damper. The adjustable hydraulic damper comprises a plunger, a plunger sleeve, a spring, an adjusting knob, hydraulic oil, a sealing ring and a check valve. According to the invention, a user can select the corresponding training difficulty according to the balance ability level of the user, the dynamic balance ability of the user can be gradually improved through continuous training, and related sport injuries can be avoided. An inertia sensor used for measuring the dynamic balance ability of the user is installed on a training pedal of the dynamic balance ability training instrument, and dynamic balance ability data of the user are measured through the inertia sensor. The device has the advantages of being low in cost, portable and easy to popularize on a large scale.