2944 results about "Doped carbon" patented technology

There are many inventions described and illustrated herein. In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a MEMS device, and technique of fabricating or manufacturing a MEMS device, having mechanical structures encapsulated in a chamber prior to final packaging. The material that encapsulates the mechanical structures, when deposited, includes one or more of the following attributes: low tensile stress, good step coverage, maintains its integrity when subjected to subsequent processing, does not significantly and/or adversely impact the performance characteristics of the mechanical structures in the chamber (if coated with the material during deposition), and/or facilitates integration with high-performance integrated circuits. In one embodiment, the material that encapsulates the mechanical structures is, for example, silicon (polycrystalline, amorphous or porous, whether doped or undoped), silicon carbide, silicon-germanium, germanium, or gallium-arsenide.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing heteroatom doped carbon quantum dot, and application thereof in fields of biomedicine, catalysts, photoelectric devices, etc. The various kinds of heteroatom doped carbon quantum dots are obtained by using a conjugated polymer as a precursor and through a process of high temperature carbonization. These carbon quantum dots contain one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S, Si, Se, P, As, Ge, Gd, B, Sb and Te, the absorption spectrum of which ranges from 300 to 850 nm, and the fluorescence emission wavelength of which is within a range of 350 to 1000 nm. The carbon quantum dot has a broad application prospect in serving as a new type photosensitizer, preparing drugs for photodynamic therapy of cancer and sterilization, photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, photocatalytic water-splitting for hydrogen generation, organic polymer solar cell and quantum dot-sensitized solar cell.

The invention relates to a nitrogen-phosphorus double-doped carbon-coated transition metal diphosphide hydrogen evolution catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The nitrogen-phosphorus double-doped carbon-coated transition metal diphosphide is characterized in that the structural formula is MP2@NPC, a transition metal diphosphide MP2 is used as a core, nitrogen-phosphorus double-doped carbon NPC is used as a shell so that a core-shell structure is formed, the diphosphide has a nano-particle structure, the particle size is less than 50nm and good crystallinity is obtained. The composite catalyst has the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity similar to that of the commercial platinum carbon and catalyst stability better than that of the commercial catalyst. The catalyst has a wide application prospect.

The present invention discloses a heteratom doped carbon nano-tube-graphene complex and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new material preparation. The complex comprises carbon nano-tubes and graphene, wherein heteroatoms are introduced into the complex. The preparation method comprises: adopting catalyst active component loading layered material as a catalyst, adopting chemical vapor deposition, and growing the heteratom doped carbon nano-tube and graphene complex in the presence of a heteratom source. The heteratom doped carbon nano-tube-graphene complex has excellent characteristics of more active sites, good conductivity, easy chemical modification and the like based on maintaining of intrinsic e excellent performances of carbon nano-tubes and graphene, and provides good application prospects in the fields of catalysis, electrochemistry, energy storage and conversion, electronic devices, and the like. The preparation method has characteristics of simpleness, easy engineering magnification, and macroscopic quantity preparation achievement so as to promote carbon nano-tube-graphene complex industrial application.

Methods for synthesizing macroscale 3D heteroatom-doped carbon nanotube materials (such as boron doped carbon nanotube materials) and compositions thereof. Macroscopic quantities of three-dimensionally networked heteroatom-doped carbon nanotube materials are directly grown using an aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition method. The porous heteroatom-doped carbon nanotube material is created by doping of heteroatoms (such as boron) in the nanotube lattice during growth, which influences the creation of elbow joints and branching of nanotubes leading to the three dimensional super-structure. The super-hydrophobic heteroatom-doped carbon nanotube sponge is strongly oleophilic and an soak up large quantities of organic solvents and oil. The trapped oil can be burnt off and the heteroatom-doped carbon nanotube material can be used repeatedly as an oil removal scaffold. Optionally, the heteroatom-doped carbon nanotubes in the heteroatom-doped carbon nanotube materials can be welded to form one or more macroscale 3D carbon nanotubes.

Highly fluorescent carbon nanoparticles (FCNs), with tunable emission colours of particle size between 1-10 nm also stable in solid form with high quantum yield (>5%) and its method of synthesis thereof yielding said carbon nanoparticles in milligram to gram scale in high synthesis yield (>80%). The present invention also provides for highly fluorescent carbon nanoparticle solution doped with heteroatom (such as oxygen, nitrogen) and its method of synthesis favoring yield of the said doped carbon nanoparticles of even smaller size ranging from 1-5 nm with narrow size distribution, and also provides for functionalized FCNs that are non-toxic, functional, soluble and stable fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with retained fluorescence for variety of end uses in biomedics, imaging applications, and detection techniques.

The invention discloses a carbon-silicon composite negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery and a preparation method of the carbon-silicon composite negative electrode material. The negative electrode material is prepared by coating the surface of a single silicon particle with a uniform carbon-cladding layer, an impurity-element-doped carbon-cladding layer or a porous carbon-cladding layer. By adopting a hydrothermal method and subsequent calcining method, environmental friendliness can be achieved, the procedure is simple and easiness in operation can be realized; the silicon and a resilient carbon carrier form a composite material, the electrochemical performance of the silicon material can be improved through the complementary advantages under the synergistic effect of carbon and silicon components, and the primary charging-discharging efficiency and the cycling stability can be improved. The prepared silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery has the advantages of high specific capacity, good cycling stability, safety, no pollution and the like, and an effective way is provided for the research of a high-capacity lithium ion battery.

The invention provides a preparation method of a high-density expanded graphite and nano-silicon composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step S1, oxidizing graphite to manufacture graphite oxide; step S2, carrying out heat treatment on the graphite oxide to manufacture expanded graphite; step S3, mixing the expanded graphite with nano-silicon and a carbon source and carrying out ball-milling to obtain a high-density expanded graphite and nano-silicon composite material precursor comprising a plurality of graphite layers, the carbon source and the nano-silicon filled among the graphite layers; step S4, carrying out heat treatment on the high-density expanded graphite and nano-silicon composite material precursor so that the carbon source is converted into amorphous carbon; and step S5, depositing carbon or doped carbon on the surface of the high-density expanded graphite and nano-silicon composite material precursor after the heat treatment. Moreover, the invention also provides the high-density expanded graphite and nano-silicon composite material, an electrode plate applying the high-density expanded graphite and nano-silicon composite material, and a lithium ion battery applying the electrode plate.

The invention belongs to the technical field of transitional-metal sulfide-carbon materials, and concretely relates to a phosphorus-doped nickel cobalt sulfide/carbon nanotube-carbon nanofiber composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises preparing carbon nanotube-doped carbon nanofiber through electrostatic spinning and high-temperature carbonization, then growing nickel cobalt sulfide nanorod in situ through a hydrothermal process, and finally calcining a phosphorus-containing precursor at a high temperature in an atmosphere of an inert gas, so as to prepare the phosphorus-doped composite material. The prepared carbon nanofiber possesses relatively large specific surface area, and the electric conductivity is effectively enhanced by doping carbon nanotube. By taking the carbon naofiber as a substrate, nickel cobalt sulfide nanorod uniformly densely grows on the surface of the composite fiber, and the synergistic effect of various substances is fully displayed. By doping phosphorus, the electrochemical activity of the composite material is further improved. The prepared phosphorus-doped nickel cobalt sulfide/carbon nanotube-carbon nanofiber composite material is applicable as a high-performance electro-catalytic material and an electrode material of lithium ion battery, solar cells and other new-energy-source devices.

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a microelectrode array for detecting heavy metals in an aqueous solution. The microelectrode array can comprise a layer of a doped carbon film and a patterning layer arranged on the doped carbon film for defining multiple microelectrodes in the doped carbon film to form the microelectrode array. The size, and shape, and arrangement of each of the multiple microelectrodes can be defined by the size, and shape, and arrangement of each of the openings in the patterning layer which expose the underlying doped carbon film. Furthermore, the ratio of the maximal width of a microelectrode relative to the shortest distance between the neighboring microelectrodes (center to center) in the microelectrode array is between about 1:1.2 and about 1:6. The present invention is also directed to an apparatus using the microelectrode array and methods of manufacturing the same.

The invention relates to a nitrogen-sulfur double-doped carbon material difunctional oxygen catalyst, a preparation method thereof and electrocatalysis application of alkaline medium in oxygen. In the catalyst, ocean polysaccharide sodium alginate is used as a carbon source, thiourea is sources of nitrogen and sulfur atoms, and double doping is performed on N and S which have electronegativity by high-temperature calcination in an inertia atmosphere to obtain a nitrogen-sulfur double-doped carbon material electrocatalyst. Since a double-doped crystal structure of heteroatoms is changed, the specific area and the catalyst site of the catalyst are improved, meanwhile, relatively high oxygen evolution (OER) and oxygen reduction (ORR) catalytic activity are achieved, and the overoptential of OER and ORR is effectively reduced; the ORR process is most divided to four electron catalytic mechanisms and is an relatively ideal ORR reaction process, and the catalyst has favorable stability and excellent methyl alcohol resistance; and the used raw material is low in cost, the preparation method is simple and is easy to operate, and mass production is facilitated.

In some embodiments, thermoelectric apparatus and various applications of thermoelectric apparatus are described herein. In some embodiments, a thermoelectric apparatus described herein comprises at least one p-type layer coupled to at least one n-type layer to provide a pn junction, and an insulating layer at least partially disposed between the p-type layer and the n-type layer, the p-type layer comprising a plurality of carbon nanoparticles and the n-type layer comprising a plurality of n-doped carbon nanoparticles.

The invention discloses an oxygen-doped carbon nitride/zinc oxide photo-catalyst as well as a preparation method and application of the oxygen-doped carbon nitride/zinc oxide photo-catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking dicyandiamide or melamine as a precursor, calcining to prepare a carbon nitride nanosheet; adding a zinc oxide precursor into absolute ethyl alcohol, then adding dethylenetriamine, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion and subsequently enabling dispersion liquid to be subjected to hydrothermal reaction, so as to obtain zinc oxide nano material; enabling the zinc oxide nano material and the carbon nitride nanosheet to be subjected to ultrasonic dispersion in deionized water, subsequently adding hydrogen peroxide, then carrying out hydrothermal reaction again, and thus obtaining the oxygen-doped carbon nitride/zinc oxide photo-catalyst after the reaction is ended. The oxygen-doped carbon nitride/zinc oxide photo-catalyst adopts low-cost and easily available raw materials; the preparation condition can be easily achieved; the raw materials do not need to be calcined under the condition of high temperature, so that the cost for preparing the oxygen-doped carbon nitride/zinc oxide photo-catalyst is reduced, and the popularization and application of the preparation method are facilitated; meanwhile, the photo-catalyst is low in photo-production electron-cavity compounding efficiency and high in photo-catalytic activity.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium sulfur batteries, specifically relates to a sulfur-carbon composite material with a nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanofiber net-shaped structure, as well as a preparation method and an application of the composite material. By taking a polypyrrole net-shaped structure which is synthesized by virtue of a soft template method as a raw material, taking the potassium hydroxide as a pore forming agent, and taking the nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber net-shaped structure which is synthesized through high-temperature carbonization under nitrogen atmosphere and is in a porous structure as a precursor, the sulphur-carbon composite material which can be used as the anode of the lithium sulfur battery can be prepared through heat treatment with elemental sulfur. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple, and good in reproducibility, and the prepared composite material is uniform in structure distribution, and can be used as the anode of the lithium sulfur battery. Due to the nitrogen doping and the tridimensional net-shaped structure, for the material, the conductivity can be improved, a transmission path of lithium ions is shortened, meanwhile, the dissolving of the sulfur and intermediate product in an electrolyte can be prevented, the electrochemistry performance of a positive material of the lithium sulfur battery is improved, good specific discharge capacity, cycle performance and rate performance can be achieved.

In this invention, processes which can be used to achieve stable doped carbon nanotubes are disclosed. Preferred CNT structures and morphologies for achieving maximum doping effects are also described. Dopant formulations and methods for achieving doping of a broad distribution of tube types are also described.

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon material production and relates to a production method of core-shell hierarchical structure porous carbon. The production method based on a metal organic frame is characterized in that polymer monomer containing nitrogen polymerizes on the surface of the hollow metal organic frame to form a core-shell structure, calcination is controlled to obtain the core-shell hierarchical porous carbon, the core is nanoscale hollow hierarchical porous carbon, and the shell is nitrogen-doped carbon. The core-shell hierarchical structure porous carbon has a hierarchical duct structure, nanoscale particle size and high conductivity. The method is simple, easy in process control, widely applicable to electrochemical fields such as super-capacitors, capacitive desalting and lithium ion battery.

The present invention relates to a transition metal-doped carbon fluorescent quantum dot preparation method, which comprises: dissolving a metal chelating agent and a transition metal salt in an organic solvent, carrying out a solvothermal reaction, and carrying out concentration purification after the reaction to prepare the transition metal-doped carbon fluorescent quantum dots having good water solubility. According to the present invention, the operation of the method is simple, the metal ion doping on the carbon fluorescent quantum dots can be achieved without harsh reaction conditions or large instruments, such that the characteristic that the long wavelength fluorescence emission is not easily achieved by the general carbon dots can be achieved; the obtained carbon fluorescent quantum dots have characteristics of good water solubility, wide fluorescence emission range, and maximum emission wavelength change along with concretion change; and with the characteristics of the preparation method, the prepared transition metal-doped carbon fluorescent quantum dots provide great application values in the fields of biological labeling sensing and medical imaging, photoelectricity, light-emitting device preparation, and the like.

The invention discloses a ZIF-8-derived hollow Fe/Cu-N-C type oxygen reduction catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation comprises (1) preparation of a precursor ZIF-8material; (2) preparation of a precursor Fe(OH)3-Cu(OH)2@ZIF-8 material of the catalyst; and (3) preparation of an oxygen reduction electrocatalyst of an iron/copper, nitrogen co-doped carbon material. The invention adopts ZIF-8 as a precursor, uses inexpensive CuCl2.2H2O and FeCl3.6H2O as metal sources, and adopts a high-temperature calcination method to prepare a Fe/Cu-N-C hollow structure catalyst having high catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction, which has comparable ORR performance in alkaline media to that of Pt-based catalysts, and has higher stability and methanol resistance. In addition, the invention has low raw material prices, rich sources and simple preparation processes, is conducive to large-scale production, and can be applied to fuel cells or metal air batteries.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a metallic oxide/N-doped carbon nano tube composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) ultrasonically dispersing an N-doped carbon nano tube in a mixed solution of water and alcohol to obtain a solution A; (2) under the condition of stirring, dripping a solution B into the solution A, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the solution B is water and/or alcoholic solution containing metal ions; and (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the mixed solution, and washing, drying and roasting to obtain the metallic oxide/N-doped carbon nano tube composite material. The invention also provides the composite material obtained through the method and an application thereof. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, as a method of solution phase synthesis under the condition of room temperature is adopted, hydrothermal reaction and solvothermal reaction with high temperature and high pressure are avoided, and the composite material with tighter combination of the metallic oxnide and the /N-doped carbon nano tube can be obtained. By adopting the preparation method, the preparation cost is low, the operation is simple, the preparation condition is mild, and the reaction period is also short.

A preparation method of a two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based titanium dioxide composite material includes: (1) etching Ti₃AlC2 with LiF/HCl to prepare two-dimensional transition metal carbide nanosheet; (2) preparing a nanosheet aggregate by electrostatic self-assembly of a two-dimensional transition metal carbide nanosheet and a positively charged nitrogen-containing cationic compound; (3) calcining the nanosheet aggregates to prepare a two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based titanium dioxide composite material. A method for degrading and removing organic pollutants in water includes (1) etching Ti₃AlC₂ with LiF/HCl to prepare two-dimensional transition metal carbide nanosheet; (2) preparing a nanosheet aggregate by electrostatic self-assembly of a two-dimensional transition metal carbide nanosheet and a positively charged nitrogen-containing cationic compound; (3) calcining the nanosheet aggregates to prepare a two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based titanium dioxide composite material; (4) placing the two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based titanium dioxide composite material into water containing organic pollutants to degrade and remove organic pollutants in water.