1894results about "Nanosensors" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) detection, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of an Ag-coated NiFe2O4 composite SERS substrate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing Ag nanoparticles which are uniformly distributed and have the same size through a sodium citrate reduction method; secondly, a nanometer flower type NiFe2O4 material is prepared through a hydrothermal method and a calcination method; and finally, the novel SERS substrate Ag-coated NiFe2O4 is prepared through a physical stirring method. The novel SERS substrate made of the Ag nano particles and the nano-flower type NiFe2O4 material is constructed, and compared with a conventional SERS substrate made of independent Ag nano particles, the SERS substrate can detect stronger intrinsic Raman signals of probe molecules. As the SERS substrate needs to be compounded with a nano-flower type NiFe2O4 material during preparation, a charge transfer phenomenon can occur at an interface where the SERS substrate is in contact with probe molecules, so that intrinsic Raman signals of the probe molecules can be enhanced, and the SERS substrate can be better used for detecting and analyzing chemical substances.

The invention relates to the field of electronic detectors, and discloses an ultrafast and efficient electronic detector based on nano polycrystalline boron nitride, which comprises a nano polycrystalline boron nitride scintillator, a light guide and a photomultiplier, and is characterized in that the nano polycrystalline boron nitride scintillator and the photomultiplier are respectively connected with the front end and the rear end of the light guide, a nano polycrystalline boron nitride material of the nano polycrystalline boron nitride scintillator is prepared by taking a sapphire single crystal wafer as a substrate, using NH3 and BCl3 or NH3 and BF3 as raw material gases and adopting a chemical vapor deposition furnace for epitaxial growth. In the invention, the nano polycrystalline boron nitride scintillator has short electron decay time and high scintillation light yield, and can realize ultrafast and efficient electron radiation detection when being applied to an electron detector. The electron detector can be applied to secondary electron and backscattered electron detection in an electron beam detection system, and a new choice is provided for the electron beam detection technology.

The invention provides an endangered animal monitoring method based on a multi-mode floating gate type photoelectric synapse transistor, realizes multi-mode fusion of images (optical signals) and sounds (electric signals) by utilizing the light absorption capability of quantum dots and the high carrier mobility of a two-dimensional channel material, and belongs to the technical field of sensing, storage and calculation integration and endangered animal identification and monitoring. According to the method, a photoelectric synapse device is used as a reservoir, and input time sequence signals are respectively applied to a multi-mode fused photoelectric synapse transistor in the form of light and electric pulse. And along with the co-stimulation of light and electric pulse, the change response of source-drain current is generated, and the fusion processing of the multi-mode signal is realized. By adopting the method, a human multi-sensory fusion signal processing mode is successfully simulated, and accurate recognition under complex and changeable conditions can be realized by utilizing a mode of complementation of visual signals and auditory signals. Under an extreme environment or a high noise condition, edge processing and identification can be carried out on pictures and sounds of endangered animals, and a high-accuracy monitoring result can be obtained without a large amount of data return, so that the energy consumption is reduced and the monitoring efficiency is enhanced.

The invention provides a flexible HP-ZIF-67 (at) Au surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate for multi-phase detection of volatile organic gas and pesticide residues, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of volatile organic gas and pesticide residue detection. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a polystyrene microsphere template by taking polyvinylpyrrolidone, styrene and potassium persulfate as raw materials, then adding 2-methylimidazole and cobalt nitrate to obtain HP-ZIF-67 particles, dispersing the HP-ZIF-67 particles on an aluminum foil to obtain an HP-ZIF-67 substrate, and continuing to diffuse and deposit a gold nanoparticle layer to obtain the flexible HP-ZIF-67 (at) Au surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate. The flexible HP-ZIF-67 (at) Au surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate provided by the invention has the advantages of stable process, high sensitivity and multiphase detection, and a novel composite material is provided for volatile organic gas and pesticide residue detection.

A sequence of polymer units in a polymer (3), eg. DNA, is estimated from at least one series of measurements related to the polymer, eg. ion current as a function of translocation through a nanopore (1), wherein the value of each measurement is dependent on a k-mer being a group of k polymer units (4). A probabilistic model, especially a hidden Markov model (HMM), is provided, comprising, for a set of possible k-mers: transition weightings representing the chances of transitions from origin k-mers to destination k-mers; and emission weightings in respect of each k-mer that represent the chances of observing given values of measurements for that k-mer. The series of measurements is analysed using an analytical technique, eg. Viterbi decoding, that refers to the model and estimates at least one estimated sequence of polymer units in the polymer based on the likelihood predicted by the model of the series of measurements being produced by sequences of polymer units. In a further embodiment, different voltages are applied across the nanopore during translocation in order to improve the resolution of polymer units.

The invention discloses a potassium ion sensor based on AuNPs / MXene / SPCE and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electronic components. Comprising a screen-printed carbon electrode SPCE, an MXene layer modified on the surface of a working electrode of the screen-printed carbon electrode, a gold nanoparticle AuNPs layer formed on the surface of the MXene layer through an electrochemical deposition method, a potassium ion selective membrane covering the gold nanoparticle AuNPs layer, and a GO-PVA hydrogel layer coating the surface of the potassium ion selective membrane. According to the prepared sensor, only potassium ions in sweat can pass through the selective membrane, the selectivity of the sensor is improved, meanwhile, due to the application of the AuNPs / MXene composite material, the surface area-volume ratio of a silk-screen printing carbon electrode is greatly improved, more potassium ions participate in ion-electron conversion, the sensitivity of the sensor is improved, and the application range of the sensor is widened. And the detection range is expanded.

The invention relates to the technical field of nano-probe detection, and particularly discloses a nano-probe test system for feeding back contact force in real time, comprising the following modules: a probe execution module comprising a nano-probe and a piezoelectric ceramic driver, the nano-probe realizing three-dimensional micro-displacement and establishing controllable contact with a wafer; the multi-dimensional signal sensing module is used for synchronously acquiring a contact resistance signal and a nanoprobe deformation signal; the data processing and control module is used for realizing signal analysis, force value calculation and driving control of a contact resistance signal and a nanoprobe deformation signal; the man-machine interaction module comprises a touch display screen and a real-time data recorder and is used for realizing visualization of force signals; the data processing and control module carries out cooperative analysis on the contact resistance signal and the nanoprobe deformation signal obtained by the multi-dimensional signal sensing module to obtain the real-time contact force of the nanoprobe and the wafer. The system solves the problem that a traditional nanoprobe detection system cannot feed back the contact force in real time.

The invention discloses a molecular probe for in-vivo copper ion detection and a preparation method and application thereof, the chemical structural formula of the molecular probe is as follows: # imgabs0 #, the molecular probe provided by the invention can specifically respond to copper ions in a tumor subacid environment so as to cause change of an absorption spectrum, and a photoacoustic signal is started so as to detect the copper ions in the tumor subacid environment. Normal tissues and tumor tissues can be accurately distinguished, and accurate detection of the copper ions in the living tumor is realized.

The invention provides a resistance-type flexible multifunctional sensor and a preparation method and application thereof. The sensor comprises a flexible fabric, a sensing layer attached to the surface of the flexible fabric and an electrode attached to the surface of the sensing layer. The sensing layer is of an intercalation structure formed by stacking and distributing graphene (GR), carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) and silicone rubber (SR). According to the resistive flexible multifunctional sensor and the preparation method and application thereof, the sensing layer of an intercalation structure formed by stacking and distributing the graphene, the carbon nanoparticles and the silicone rubber is adopted, measurement of pressure, strain and temperature can be achieved at the same time, and therefore the high-performance flexible multifunctional sensor is obtained; and a multi-mode sensing mode is expected to be provided for precise monitoring and somatosensory application.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a sandwich structure immunosensor based on surface enhanced Raman scattering and application of the sandwich structure immunosensor to detection of an anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: sputtering silver ions on a cotton swab / ZIF-67 prepared by an in-situ growth method by adopting an ion sputtering method to obtain a cotton swab / ZIF-67 / Ag NPs composite material; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing an antigen solution, then adding the antigen solution into the antigen solution to obtain an immune substrate, adding a methylene blue aqueous solution into a silver nanoparticle solution for reaction, then connecting an anti-human PLA2R IgG antibody to obtain an immune probe, and finally dropwise adding a phosphate buffer solution containing an antibody to be detected onto the immune substrate, and dropwise adding the immune probe solution to the immune substrate adsorbed with the antibody to be detected to obtain the sandwich structure immunosensor based on surface enhanced Raman scattering. The method has the advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity and strong stability.

This disclosure provides nanoparticle compositions, and use thereof for isolating and measuring proteins, protein degrader action, and cells. The disclosed nanoparticles can be identified by barcodes that reveal the identity of and post translational modifications to the bound protein using image processing techniques described herein.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a large-area and distance-adjustable gold nanoparticle single-layer superlattice film and a product and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nanomaterials, the method comprises the following steps: modifying the surfaces of gold nanoparticles by using sulfydryl polystyrene and 1, 8-octyldithiol to obtain double-ligand co-modified gold nanoparticles; an interface assembly strategy is adopted to enable the double-ligand co-modified gold nanoparticles to form a film at the interface of toluene and diethylene glycol, and after toluene volatilizes, the large-area gold nano single-layer superlattice film with the adjustable distance is obtained. According to the method disclosed by the invention, by accurately regulating and controlling double-ligand modification on the surfaces of the gold nanoparticles and optimizing interaction among the particles in the assembly process, accurate regulation and control of the particle spacing of the gold nanoparticle single-layer superlattice film from 1nm to 8nm are realized. The electromagnetic field intensity can be obviously enhanced by accurately regulating and controlling the particle gaps to the sub-nanometer scale, so that the material becomes an ideal SERS substrate, and possibility is provided for developing a metamaterial with a high optical index.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a glucose sensor based on an acupuncture needle, the sensor is prepared based on a specific structural design and a molecular recognition mechanism by taking the acupuncture needle as a substrate, and high-specificity and high-sensitivity detection of glucose concentration is realized through drain current change. According to the present invention, the biosensor has the ultra-wide dynamic detection range (0-40 mmol.L <-1 >), covers the clinical range from hypoglycemia to severe hyperglycemia, has the low detection limit of 54 mol.L <-1 >, has excellent grid regulation and control ability, shows the significant on-off ratio and the rapid response characteristic during the detection process, and meets the requirements of the biosensor on sensitivity and real-time performance; and the device has quick response capability to grid voltage change, so that the device has good stability and repeatability under repeated operation, and a direction and a basis can be provided for the development of a blood glucose monitoring technology with continuous, real-time and accurate characteristics.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a protein halo-coated silicon-coated gold nanorod and a PCR amplification method and kit based on the protein halo-coated silicon-coated gold nanorod, and belongs to the technical field of PCR detection. The photo-thermal nano material is composed of an AuNR coated SiO2 core-shell structure and an external protein halo layer, the protein halo layer avoids inhibition of AuNR on a PCR reaction system, meanwhile, adsorption of AuNR on biological small molecules is effectively reduced, non-specific amplification is reduced, and normal amplification of PCR reaction is guaranteed; and the protein halo layer is used as a thermal insulation layer to optimize heat exchange and maintain the temperature uniformity of the reaction liquid. When the kit is applied to a photo-thermal PCR detection reagent, DNA of a pathogen to be detected can be efficiently and stably amplified and detected within 10 minutes, the kit has huge application potential in the fields of early screening of infectious diseases, food safety detection and the like, collaborative optimization of photo-thermal conversion efficiency, biocompatibility, detection sensitivity and operation convenience is achieved, and the kit has a wide application prospect. And an efficient solution is provided for prevention and control of infectious diseases, food safety monitoring and biomedical research.

The invention relates to a metallized microbubble and a preparation method thereof, a construction method of a multifunctional composite probe, and a rapid bacterium capturing and sterilizing method, and belongs to the technical field of functional material preparation. The method aims at solving the technical problems that in the prior art, a metal coating on the surface of the hollow glass microbubble is not uniform, combination is not firm, and stability is poor. According to the technical scheme, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing surface-activated hollow glass microbubbles with a polyethyleneimine solution for reaction, and washing and drying to obtain polyethyleneimine-coated hollow glass microbubbles; then reacting with a single-stranded DNA buffer solution to obtain an intermediate product loaded with DNA; then introducing a silver nitrate solution to load silver ions on the surface of the compound; and finally, reducing through a sodium borohydride solution to prepare the metallized microbubbles. The metalized microbubbles prepared by the method can be used for constructing a multifunctional composite probe to realize efficient capture and synergistic antibiosis of targets such as bacteria.

The invention discloses a cathepsin B activated fluorescent probe which comprises a dicyanoisosulfone fluorescent report unit and a cathepsin B specific restriction enzyme cutting site GFLG peptide chain. When CTSB specifically cuts a GFLG peptide chain, a DCO molecule with an amino group with relatively strong electron donating ability is generated, so that the fluorescence emission behavior of the probe is rapidly activated through a one-step enzyme catalysis reaction. The invention also provides a preparation method of the cathepsin B activated fluorescent probe. The invention also provides a nano particle for packaging the cathepsin B activated fluorescent probe, and the nano particle is simple in preparation process and mild in reaction condition. The cathepsin B activated fluorescent probe is prepared into nanoparticles, and the nanoparticles can realize accumulation of the material in tumor tissues and accurate imaging in apoptotic tumor cells by enhancing the permeation retention effect, have better biocompatibility and can be used for detecting the apoptotic tumor cells.

The invention relates to a YaxAB nanopore, a system comprising the nanopore and application of the YaxAB nanopore. The YaxAB nanopore of the present invention has a funnel-shaped three-dimensional structure so that the change in current blocking according to the movement of an analyte captured inside the nanopore can be maximized, thereby enabling very sensitive measurement even of the structure and minute changes in physical and chemical properties (including dynamic changes and the like) of the analyte. And can cause very strong electroosmosis with high cation selectivity, such that various types of analytes can be captured and analyzed without being limited to the type of total charge. In addition, with respect to the nanopore of the present invention, the amino acid sequence of the monomer constituting the nanopore can be adjusted to improve protein purification yield and control an oligomerization mechanism, and thus a YaxAB nanopore having a pore size that cannot be formed by a wild-type monomer can be prepared. Furthermore, with respect to the nanopores of the present invention, YaxAB nanopores of various pore diameters can be secured using one-time purification, and nanopores of desired pore diameters can be selectively secured. Thus, limitations of conventional biological nanopores having fixed pore diameters can be overcome, so that for the YaxAB nanopore of the present invention, the size of the nanopore can be adjusted according to the size of an analyte. Further, the YaxAB nanopores of the present invention have a very wide analyte analysis range of dynamic detection range from small analytes to large analytes, which is caused by a funnel-shaped three-dimensional structure having a wide inlet and a narrow outlet. In addition, the YaxAB nanopore of the present invention has the largest nanopore structure among the hitherto biological nanopores, and a large-size analyte, which cannot be detected by conventional biological nanopores, can be detected and analyzed in a single molecule on the basis of a funnel structure having a large inlet. Furthermore, the present invention has established an optimized composition of a membrane in which YaxAB nanopores can be stably present, and by using a sensor implemented on the basis thereof, it is possible to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze various types of analytes having relatively various sizes and charges at a single molecule level with very high resolution and sensitivity.

The invention provides a flexible magnetoelectric piezoelectric switching device, a wearable patch and a preparation method and application of the wearable patch, and relates to the field of sensors. The device comprises a flexible film substrate, a transducer and a sensor, the transducer, the flexible thin film substrate and the sensor are sequentially coupled to form the flexible magnetoelectric piezoelectric switching device. According to the flexible magnetoelectric piezoelectric switching device prepared by the invention, the piezoelectric characteristic of the flexible film substrate is combined with the magnetoelectric effect of the MENPs, so that the device can accurately control the conversion between the magnetization state and the potential, and ultrahigh controllability is realized.

The invention discloses an SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) detection method for paclitaxel drug concentration in blood of a breast cancer patient, and belongs to the technical field of detection. The method comprises the following steps: performing acetonitrile two-step precipitation centrifugal treatment on a blood sample to obtain a detection sample; the method comprises the following steps: constructing a high-sensitivity SERS substrate (the volume ratio of gold nanoparticles to ethanol is 1: (90-100), and a film is formed on a water-cyclohexane interface) through self-assembly of gold nanoparticles on a liquid-liquid interface; the method comprises the following steps: dropwise adding a sample into a substrate, and detecting characteristic peaks of 1024cm <-1 > and 1053cm <-1 > by using a portable Raman spectrometer (785nm, 30mW, 0.5 s); and calculating the paclitaxel concentration in combination with a pre-established quantitative curve. The method is easy and convenient to operate and suitable for clinical bedside rapid monitoring.

The invention provides a graphene-based hydrogen sulfide gas sensor and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of gas sensors. The preparation method of the graphene-based hydrogen sulfide gas sensor comprises the following steps: soaking the wood substrate in a mixed metal salt solution containing a water-soluble silver salt and a water-soluble transition metal salt; irradiating the soaked wood substrate by using a laser beam at room temperature under the condition of no shielding gas, so that lignin and cellulose in the wood substrate are cracked and reconstructed to form graphene; meanwhile, the mixed metal salt immersed in the wood substrate is decomposed to form bimetallic oxide nanoparticles including silver oxide nanoparticles and transition metal oxide nanoparticles, and the bimetallic oxide nanoparticles are dispersed on the surface of each layer of graphene to obtain a sensitive layer; and coating conductive materials on the wooden substrate and on the two sides of the sensitive layer to form a connecting electrode in contact with the sensitive layer, thereby obtaining the graphene-based hydrogen sulfide gas sensor.

The invention discloses a bismuth telluride nanopore maskless direct writing preparation method based on electron beam irradiation, and belongs to the technical field of nanometer manufacturing. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing an initial nanopore in a two-dimensional bismuth telluride material by utilizing a converged electron beam; and then the aperture size of the nanopore is accurately regulated and controlled by adjusting the beam density of the electron beam. The method effectively solves the key technical bottlenecks of interface chemical residue pollution caused by a traditional photoresist mask process, intrinsic defect formation caused by high-energy particle bombardment and the like, and breaks through the limitation of an existing etching technology in the aspect of sub-nanoscale structure precision control; precise control of the aperture of the nanopore can be achieved by adjusting the irradiation intensity of the electron beam, and the method has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate, low in cost, environmentally friendly and the like and can be widely applied to the fields of nanometer electronic devices, sensors and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of sensor manufacturing, and discloses a piezoresistive sensor with stray spider leg fuzz design and a preparation method thereof.The piezoresistive sensor with stray spider leg fuzz design comprises a flexible substrate with the surface provided with a plurality of shovel-shaped fuzz structures; the flexible electrode is arranged below the plurality of shovel-shaped micro-hair structures; the flexible substrate is in contact with the flexible electrode through a plurality of shovel-shaped micro-hair structures, and the shovel-shaped micro-hair structures can deform under the action of pressure, so that the contact area of the flexible substrate and the flexible electrode is changed; the flexible electrode is used for generating corresponding current according to the contact area with the flexible substrate; the current is used for determining a corresponding pressure value. Through the piezoresistive sensor which is provided with a plurality of shovel-shaped micro-hair structures on the surface and imitates the micro-hair design of the legs of the stray spiders, the sensitivity and the response precision of the piezoresistive sensor are improved.

The invention discloses a refractive index sensing chip of an integrated BIC metasurface laser, which integrates a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and a novel ball road pattern metasurface designed based on a BIC theory, and designs a high-sensitivity refractive index sensor by using a continuous domain bound state theory. The ball road pattern structure is prepared through electron beam lithography and a gold evaporation-stripping process, has uniform nanoscale patterns, and can realize high refractive index sensitivity. The chip can be used in the field of biosensing. By optimizing structural parameters and a preparation process, the optical sensing chip with high integration level and high sensitivity is realized, and a new solution is provided for unmarked biological detection.

The invention relates to the technical field of flexible sweat sensors, in particular to a preparation method and application of a laser-induced graphene oxide nanofiber membrane. Comprising the following steps: S1, preparing a graphene oxide nanofiber membrane through an electrostatic spinning process; s2, carrying out laser reduction on the graphene oxide nanofiber membrane, namely engraving an electrode pattern on the graphene oxide nanofiber membrane by adopting a laser, and reducing on the electrode pattern of the graphene oxide nanofiber membrane to generate an LGNF electrode; s3, performing hydrophobic treatment on the graphene oxide spinning fiber membrane; s4, catalytic particles and enzyme are modified on the LGNF electrode, and the laser-induced graphene oxide nanofiber membrane is prepared. The method is simple, efficient, convenient and easy to implement, low in requirement for manufacturing equipment and capable of well achieving mass production, and the sensor prepared through the method can spontaneously absorb sweat to the surface of the electrode to achieve sweat monitoring, so that the hydrophilicity of graphene can be effectively improved, and the electrochemical performance of graphene is improved.

The invention discloses a potentiometric OECT biosensor as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic electrochemical sensing. The potentiometric OECT biosensor comprises a device module and a sensing module, the device module comprises a substrate, and a source electrode, a grid electrode and a first floating gate are arranged on the substrate; a semiconductor channel is arranged on the source electrode, and a drain electrode is arranged on the semiconductor channel; a grid control grid is arranged on the grid; a hydrogel electrolyte layer is arranged at the tops of the substrate, the drain electrode, the grid-control grid electrode and the first floating gate; the sensing module adopts an electrode plate; the electrode plate comprises a gold electrode, an Ag / AgCl electrode and a carbon electrode; the gold electrode serves as a sensing grid electrode, an SAM connecting layer, targeted protein molecules and a shielding layer are arranged on the gold electrode, and when the biosensor works, an electrolyte layer is arranged at the top of the sensing module, and the Ag / AgCl electrode serves as a second floating grid; the first floating gate and the second floating gate are connected through a wire. The potentiometric OECT biosensor is high in detection sensitivity and high in response speed, and can meet clinical requirements on rapid and accurate detection.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nano biomedical materials, and particularly relates to a water-soluble sound-sensitive agent nanogel and a preparation method and application thereof, the nanogel has the following structural formula I: # imgabs0 #, R is H or 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra (pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin, at least one R is 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra (pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin, and n is a positive integer. Compared with the prior art, the problems that in the prior art, a sound-sensitive agent is poor in water solubility, low in sound-sensitive efficiency and difficult to apply practically are solved, on one hand, the water solubility of the sound-sensitive agent is improved, the biocompatibility of the sound-sensitive agent is improved, on the other hand, the large-size cavity provides a cavitation nucleus for the sound-sensitive agent, and the sonodynamic efficiency is enhanced.

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-nano precision driving and positioning, and discloses a large-stroke multi-degree-of-freedom piezoelectric nano probe station, which comprises an X-axis linear piezoelectric motor platform, a Y-axis linear piezoelectric motor platform, a Z-axis linear piezoelectric motor platform, a rotary piezoelectric motor, a first adapter frame, a second adapter frame and a probe assembly. And the X-axis linear piezoelectric motor platform, the Y-axis linear piezoelectric motor platform and the Z-axis linear piezoelectric motor platform are respectively used for driving the probe assembly to linearly move along the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis. The rotary piezoelectric motor is used for driving the probe assembly to rotate in the axial direction. According to the invention, a series connection structure of a plurality of linear piezoelectric motor platforms and rotary piezoelectric motors is adopted, so that the probe station realizes X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis three-dimensional movement, and the probe realizes high-precision positioning of 360-degree rotation. The invention has the characteristics of high repeated positioning precision, high resolution, large stroke and stable operation, and realizes nano-scale positioning and millimeter-scale stroke.

The invention discloses a gold-silver heterogeneous noble metal nano forest electrode based on a three-dimensional porous sponge substrate and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the electrode, flexible three-dimensional sponge is used as a substrate, gold and silver heterogeneous nanowires are grown on the surface of the flexible three-dimensional sponge in situ through a controllable chemical deposition process, and a conductive network with a bionic forest-shaped topological structure is formed. The hierarchical porous characteristic of the three-dimensional sponge skeleton is combined with the microscopic coarse structure of the nanowire, so that the effective sensing area of the electrode is synchronously enlarged in macroscopic and microscopic scales. The electrode can form a high-compliance interface with the skin without depending on traditional conductive gel, and weak electrocardiosignals and high-frequency electromyographic signals can be synchronously captured in a dry contact state. The technical bottlenecks of a traditional rigid electrode in the aspects of flexible fitting degree, dynamic stability and long-term wearing comfort are broken through, and a light-weight and high-sensitivity bio-electricity signal sensing solution is provided for the fields of wearable medical monitoring, intelligent man-machine interaction and the like.

The present invention provides lipid-based probes and uses thereof for studying vesicles. The probes are suitable for isolating vesicles from a heterogeneous population with high purity and yield. The lipid-based probes also are applicable to study the native state and intrinsic structures of isolated vesicles. The probes are readily amenable to a variety of purification and isolation techniques.