The invention relates to a method and device for evaluating the rapid load changing capacity of a
coal-fired unit, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, building a
coal-fired unit dynamic model which comprises a
coal pulverizing
system, a boiler and a
steam turbine through historical operation data, and determining
model parameters based on the operation characteristics of an actual unit; secondly, main
steam pressure and power instructions of different load sections are set according to the sliding
pressure curve, a
variable load capacity test is carried out by adopting a method of increasing the load increasing rate, and meanwhile, the coal feeding amount, the
boiler water feeding amount and the adjusting range and the changing rate of a main steam valve are restrained; finally, dynamic changes of key parameters such as main
steam pressure and steam-water separator outlet temperature in the
variable load process are analyzed, and the actual average load rising rate of the unit is evaluated. According to the invention, the
variable load capability of the unit in different load intervals can be accurately evaluated. Therefore, the problems that in the prior art, the load changing capacity of a unit in different load intervals is difficult to accurately evaluate, and the stabilization of
new energy power generation fluctuation and the stability of
power grid frequency are greatly influenced are solved.