82 results about "Heavy metals" patented technology

The application provides a heavy metal detection method and system in water based on a terahertz wireless signal, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining terahertz three-dimensional point cloud data corresponding to a water sample to be detected; wherein the terahertz three-dimensional point cloud data is obtained by converting a terahertz reflection signal corresponding to the water sample to be detected based on a signal complex algorithm and a geometric physical model; the terahertz three-dimensional point cloud data comprises real parts, imaginary parts and frequency information of the terahertz reflection signal converted by the signal complex algorithm; inputting the three-dimensional point cloud data into a pre-trained point cloud feature extraction module to output three-dimensional space features; and inputting the three-dimensional space features into a pre-trained type identification module and a pre-trained concentration quantification module respectively to output types and concentrations of heavy metals contained in the water sample to be detected. The application is based on a terahertz wireless sensing technology and combines a detection model embedded with physical knowledge, and can accurately sense the types and concentrations of heavy metals in water with concentrations below trace amounts.

A group of inventions relates to the field of medical devices. A method for producing needles with adsorption properties is described by depositing an iron oxide coating onto the needle by atomic layer deposition. An acupuncture needle for reflex therapy, consisting of a handle and shaft made of metal material, is placed in a reactor where a vacuum is created at a pressure of approximately 10 mbar ± 0.1 mbar and a temperature of 150 ± 0.2 °C, then a ferrocenecarboxylic acid precursor in the form of vapor is delivered to the reactor, then nitrogen is added to the reactor and degassed to the initial pressure, and this process is repeated in pulse mode until a specific coating thickness is formed. The use of ferrocenecarboxylic acid as a precursor for producing an Fe3O4 coating is described. An acupuncture needle for adsorbing toxic heavy metal ions is described with a coating of Fe3O4 nanofilm thickness of 14 nm ± 0.1 nm, and the nanofilm has the appearance of a nanosieve as shown in Figure 1b. The use of acupuncture needles for adsorbing metal ions is described. The technical achievement of this invention is the development of a method for attaching a magnetic separation film of Fe3O4 to the surface of an acupuncture needle, which is simpler and less expensive in terms of methodology and technique, thereby imparting adsorption properties to the acupuncture needle. The needle of this invention makes it possible to adsorb toxic heavy metal ions such as cadmium, arsenic, manganese, cesium, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, mercury, lead, copper, zinc, beryllium, antimony, thallium, bismuth, osmium, tin, molybdenum, zirconium, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, and gallium.

The invention relates to a method for separating heavy metal cations and radionuclides from aqueous solutions. The method according to the invention can be used to separate dissolved and / or suspended naturally occurring ions or radioactive ions produced by radioactive decay, nuclear transformation reactions such as nuclear fission, or, for example, by activation with neutron radiation, from aqueous solutions.

The application discloses a method for plant combination screening and vegetation construction of ion-type rare earth mines based on niche complementation, and belongs to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, and comprises the following steps: S1, habitat evaluation; S2, construction of a niche index system; S3, candidate plant screening; S4, plant combination optimization; S5, vegetation construction implementation; and S6, dynamic management. The method for plant combination screening and vegetation construction of ion-type rare earth mines based on niche complementation is used, the vegetation survival rate and coverage rate of ion-type rare earth mines are improved, the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties is accelerated, the heavy metal and rare earth element residues are reduced, and water and soil loss is effectively prevented; the constructed vegetation community has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability, good self-maintenance ability, high restoration efficiency, short cycle, and the like; and ecological restoration and efficient resource utilization are considered.

The utility model discloses an isolating layer for heavy metal combined pollution soil reclamation, which comprises a foundation pit, and an isolating mechanism is arranged in the foundation pit. The isolation mechanism comprises a base, a fixing frame, a threaded groove, an isolation cover, a top cover, an inserting plate, an inserting groove, a rotary knob, a first single-groove belt wheel, a first belt, a second belt, a second single-groove belt wheel, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a threaded rod, a groove, a cavity and a double-groove belt wheel. The four inserting plates are located at the front end and the rear end of the two sides of the outer surface of the upper end of the base correspondingly, the two fixing frames are located on the two sides of the middle of the outer surface of the upper end of the base correspondingly, and the threaded grooves are formed in the outer surfaces of the upper ends of the fixing frames. According to the isolation layer for heavy metal combined pollution soil reclamation, the isolation cover and the base can be rapidly assembled and disassembled, operation is easy, isolation can be conveniently conducted through the isolation cover, damage to new soil caused by external personnel or birds and beasts is reduced, and better use prospects are brought.

The present application relates to the technical field of waste gas purification treatment, in particular to a kind of thermal induction self-activation volatile heavy metal control material of waste gas and its preparation method and application, the control material is composed of the microcapsule of inner core, intermediate layer and shell;Wherein the inner core is the sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol microcapsule containing ferrous sulfide, graphene and sodium bicarbonate, the intermediate layer is calcium sulfate isolation layer, and the shell is manganese dioxide, cerium nitrate oxide layer.The material prepared in the application can realize thermal induction self-activation reaction at high temperature, by generating elemental sulfur, iron oxide, manganese oxide and cerium oxide and other active components, simultaneously and efficiently remove volatile heavy metals such as mercury, arsenic, thallium and other volatile heavy metals in waste gas, with the advantages of multifunctional synergy, high heavy metal removal rate, good selectivity, fast response rate and the like.

This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a magnetic nanomaterial adsorption and separation system and method for heavy metal treatment in wastewater. The method provided by this invention includes the following steps: based on process characterization parameters used to characterize the removal state of heavy metals in wastewater and to characterize the separability state of magnetic nanomaterials when a preset recovery rate is achieved, determining the improvement trend of extending the adsorption time after the current sampling time on the removal effect of heavy metals in wastewater, and determining an effective purification cutoff time based on the improvement trend; and based on the process characterization parameters, determining the deterioration trend of extending the adsorption time after the current sampling time on the implementation conditions of magnetic separation, and determining an allowable separation cutoff time based on the deterioration trend; determining a critical switching time based on the earlier of the effective purification cutoff time and the allowable separation cutoff time, and initiating magnetic separation when the time interval between the current sampling time and the critical switching time meets a preset start-up condition.

The application discloses a processing method of high-acid heavy crude oil, and the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the high-acid heavy crude oil; contacting the pretreated material with alkali metal to perform reaction; and obtaining liquid phase material by removing solid from the reacted material to obtain the final product. The method can efficiently remove impurities such as petroleum acid and heavy metal in the high-acid heavy crude oil, improve the yield of the liquid phase product, thereby providing high-quality raw materials for downstream devices, and realizing efficient utilization of crude oil resources and long-period operation of subsequent processing devices.

This invention discloses a method for assessing the long-term heavy metal release risk of biochar based on chemical oxidation simulation. The method includes: first, naturally culturing homologous biochar samples in soil to obtain a baseline value W0 for the target heavy metal release ratio; simultaneously, conducting a standardized accelerated aging experiment with an oxidant solution; and determining the number of aging cycles N required to reach W0 by comparison, thereby establishing a quantitative conversion relationship between "number of aging cycles" and "natural aging time". Then, the same accelerated aging experiment is performed on the biochar to be tested, and the number of experimental cycles is converted into an equivalent natural aging time using the quantitative relationship. A long-term release kinetic prediction model is then fitted and constructed, ultimately achieving rapid and quantitative prediction of the cumulative heavy metal release ratio after a target number of years. This invention provides an efficient and reliable tool for assessing the long-term chemical oxidation stability of biochar.

The application discloses a heavy metal removal method and system based on shunt adjustment processing, which comprises the following steps: setting a pH critical value, screening a heavy metal sample to be treated based on the pH critical value; setting a pH adjustment value, a precipitation duration and a product shunt ratio; performing primary cycle precipitation treatment on the screened heavy metal sample to be treated based on the pH adjustment value, the precipitation duration and the product shunt ratio to obtain a primary purification product; setting a flow speed threshold value and a space flow speed threshold value, performing secondary filtration treatment on the primary purification product based on the flow speed threshold value and the space flow speed threshold value to obtain a heavy metal removal finished product; the application can process heavy metal samples in multiple stages, flocculation and precipitation are treated through primary processing shunt cycle processing, reciprocal combination reactions are performed on the flocculation and precipitation, the concentration of the final precipitation product is improved, liquid products after solid-liquid separation are subjected to quartz sand filtration and heavy metal adsorption through secondary processing, and the heavy metal content of the products is strictly controlled.

The application belongs to the technical field of food safety early warning, and particularly relates to a method for predicting heavy metal content in table grapes, comprising the following steps: using a partial least squares regression method to analyze the correlation between soil physicochemical indexes and grape heavy metal content, and retaining indexes with a VIP value greater than 1 as key variables; taking the key variables as input variables and grape detection results as output to construct a random forest regression model; training the random forest regression model through repeated execution of a sampling and training process to obtain a prediction model of heavy metals in grapes; and predicting the heavy metal content in table grapes according to the generated prediction model of heavy metals in grapes.

This invention discloses a slow-release sulfurizing agent Fe x S y Its preparation method and application as a rhenium extraction material: Step 1: The pyrite-doped metal roasting product is subjected to an oxidation-reduction reaction, and the raw material is dried and roasted to obtain the product; Step 2: The product is ground and screened to obtain the slow-release sulfiding agent Fe. x S y The slow-release sulfurizing agent Fe x S y Its application, as a slow-release sulfide material, is used in metal corrosion protection, heavy metal-containing wastewater treatment, and soil sulfide replenishment; this invention achieves S 2 The slow release of the substance controls the local effective concentration and forms highly active iron-sulfur chemical bonds. At the same time, the crystal structure is a low-stability crystal system, thus exhibiting high chemical reactivity, which has obvious technical advantages over existing rhenium extraction materials.

The application provides a porous carbon material for adsorbing heavy metals and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of adsorbent preparation. The preparation steps of the porous carbon material include: S1, stirring hydrochloric acid dopamine and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide in anhydrous ethanol, adding concentrated sulfuric acid for reaction, filtering, and washing until neutral to obtain DTA; S2, adding acrylamide, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid and 3-(acrylamidomethyl)-5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid into water to obtain a solution system, adding sodium hydroxide, the intermediate product DTA and 2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylbenzophenone in sequence, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, irradiating under a mercury lamp light source, washing, and freeze-drying to obtain PAAAS-D; and S3, carrying out carbonization of the PAAAS-D after pre-oxidation treatment under a inert atmosphere to obtain CPAAAS-D. The porous carbon material has rich active sites and an optimized pore structure, and can efficiently adsorb Fe, Co and Ni heavy metal ions.

This invention provides a process and equipment for the solidification and resource-based treatment of harmful impurities in industrial solid waste phosphogypsum, relating to the field of solid waste treatment technology, including the following steps: Step S1, Raw material composition: Main components: Ca(OH)2 (40-60wt%), Al(OH)3 (20-30wt%); Rare earth source: one or more of La2(CO3)3, Ce(NO3)3, NdCl3, Y2O3 (5-15wt%); Dispersant: Ethanol, Polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) (1-5wt%). This scheme ultimately achieves LDH adsorption of PO4 in the solidification stage. 3‑ A stable interlayer structure is formed. The high temperature during the calcination stage causes REPO4 nanoparticles to embed into the gypsum lattice, which enhances mechanical properties and effectively solidifies soluble phosphorus, fluorine and heavy metal impurities in phosphogypsum, thus achieving its harmless treatment and high-value resource utilization.

A method for simultaneous rapid detection of heavy metals in farmland soil and fertilizer includes the following steps: (1) unified sample pretreatment; (2) compound extraction solution; (3) dual-mode quantitative detection; and (4) dual-coefficient result correction. The detection method of this invention is applicable to both soil and fertilizer, and the same detection process is used for farmland soil and fertilizer, simplifying operation and reducing costs; it does not require perchloric acid or hydrofluoric acid, nor does it require high-temperature digestion, thus eliminating the need for a strong acid high-temperature digestion system and improving detection safety; the detection is completed within 40 minutes, which is more efficient than the national standard method; dual-mode detection + dual-coefficient correction eliminates the interference of fertilizer organic matter and soil matrix on the detection results, with a relative error of ≤5.0%, which is highly consistent with the national standard method; it does not require large instruments and is suitable for use by grassroots agricultural technology stations, fertilizer companies, and planting bases; it fully complies with the national standards for heavy metal limits in soil and fertilizer, achieving rapid, accurate, and stable quantitative detection of heavy metals, and can be directly used for qualification judgment.

This invention provides an application of iron(III) oxide quantum dots in the analysis of Cr(VI) / Cr(III) speciation and the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), belonging to the field of heavy metal detection technology. This invention synthesizes iron(III) oxide quantum dots using iron(III) oxide nanoparticles. The fluorescence intensity of these iron(III) oxide quantum dots is enhanced in the presence of o-phenylenediamine, and further enhanced in the presence of Cr(VI), without interference from other metal ions. Therefore, the fluorescent probe composed of iron(III) oxide quantum dots and o-phenylenediamine can be used to detect the Cr(VI) content in samples and analyze the speciation of Cr(VI) / Cr(III), with a Cr(VI) detection limit of 2.44 μg / L. Simultaneously, these iron(III) oxide quantum dots possess nanozyme activity, capable of catalytically reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III) under visible light conditions, with over 99% of Cr(VI) being degraded within 2 hours.

This invention discloses a method and system for the harmless treatment and beryllium ultrastable mineralization of lithium slag through agent-slag synergy, belonging to the field of solid waste treatment technology. It includes: dissolving active silica-alumina excitation components according to mineral diagnostic data to obtain a structural excitation liquid; simultaneously activating the lithium slag and the excitation liquid through mechanochemical processes, reconstructing the interface of the adsorbed excitation components, and generating a modified lithium slag matrix; preparing a mineralization assembly liquid based on the beryllium exposure of the matrix; introducing the assembly liquid into the matrix in a segmented gradient, controlling the hydrogen ion concentration to induce in-situ crystallization at the interface, and obtaining a primary stabilizer; pressing the stabilizer and placing it in an alternating electromagnetic field coupled with an endogenous exothermic environment to generate beryllium ultrastable mineralization products. This invention employs a comprehensive treatment method combining deep mechanochemical simultaneous activation and exposure with slow-release ion in-situ crystallization and endogenous thermomagnetic coupling to drive ordered cross-linking of the microstructure. This method can destroy the dense inert framework of the waste slag and forcibly drive the migration and trapping of heavy metals, ultimately achieving deep ultrastable mineralization and seepage prevention of beryllium toxic ions.

This invention relates to the interdisciplinary fields of environmental engineering, solid waste resource utilization, and advanced functional materials technology, specifically to a method for targeted recovery of heavy metals from municipal sewage sludge. The method discloses a method for targeted recovery of heavy metals from municipal sewage sludge. First, a magnetic nanomaterial with a hydrophilic brush layer and a surface ion-imprinted layer is prepared. Then, the sludge is acid-dissolved to obtain a leachate, and the material is added to selectively adsorb the target heavy metals. After magnetic separation, desorption is performed using a low-voltage pulsed electric field. Finally, the desorbate is purified by iron removal, and high-purity copper is recovered by constant-potential electrodeposition. This invention achieves highly selective capture and recovery of heavy metals in complex systems, and the material is recyclable, possessing good industrial application prospects.

This invention relates to a hydride generation gaseous sample introduction method and apparatus for heavy metal element determination in conjunction with a liquid cathode glow discharge-atomic emission spectrometer, belonging to the field of atomic spectroscopy metal element analysis technology. This invention uses chemically generated carbon dioxide gas as a carrier gas, which is then used as the atmosphere gas in the liquid cathode glow discharge to ionize and generate micro-plasma. The chemical hydride generation method converts the applicable analyte element into a hydride, which is then carried into the micro-plasma by the carbon dioxide carrier gas, atomized, and excited to generate an emission spectrum.

The present application belongs to the technical field of analytical chemistry, environmental monitoring and water quality online detection, and particularly relates to a hydroxyapatite-chitosan modified polyether sulfone membrane, a preparation method thereof and application of the membrane in detection of heavy metal ions in combination of membrane solid phase extraction and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The present application mixes chitosan, hydroxyapatite and an aqueous glacial acetic acid solution to obtain a functional solution; the functional solution is coated on the surface of a polyether sulfone microporous filter membrane, and then solidified by alkali neutralization to obtain a hydroxyapatite-chitosan modified polyether sulfone membrane. The hydroxyapatite-chitosan modified polyether sulfone membrane provided by the present application can be well adapted to LIBS, can realize effective enrichment of trace heavy metals in a liquid sample to the membrane surface, can construct a high-stability solid target, and can realize rapid, high-sensitivity and high-anti-interference detection of heavy metal ions in the liquid sample.

The present invention relates to the treatment of leachate from a controlled landfill using a geochemical approach. The process involves the preparation of a dolomite-based material and its application as a new geological material for treating leachate. Effluent purification, heavy metal removal, and reduction of the organic load are the cornerstones of this approach.

This invention provides a method for assessing the permeability range of heavy metal elements in gangue reclamation areas based on multi-scale simulation combined with a GAT model. The method includes: using the lattice Boltzmann method to characterize water flow, solute transport, and chemical reaction processes within porous media, establishing a multi-physics coupling model, and generating a multi-scenario training dataset based on the multi-physics coupling model; constructing a graph attention network (GAT) model based on the multi-process LBM modeling results, and training the GAT model using the multi-scenario training dataset to establish a precise mapping relationship from media characteristics to concentration distribution; calling the trained GAT model to predict the permeability range of heavy metals in newly reclaimed areas; performing machine learning on the prediction results and applying them to the reclaimed areas to achieve intelligent prediction and assessment of the permeability range of heavy metals.

This invention relates to a method, system, and application for remediating black and odorous sediment. The remediation method includes the following steps: homogenizing the black and odorous sediment; detecting the ferrous content of the sediment and calculating the amount of persulfate to be added based on the molar ratio; using the ferrous-rich sediment as an activator, adding persulfate and stirring to mix the persulfate and sediment for reaction; adjusting the stirring time; using ferrous activator to generate sulfate free radicals from the persulfate, which oxidize the black and odorous substances, causing heavy metals to leach out; centrifuging and filtering the mixture, collecting the interstitial water containing heavy metals, and washing the mixture to obtain harmless sediment. The remediation method of this invention can achieve Fe... within 5 minutes. 2+ With a removal rate of ≥79% and an AVS removal rate of ≥89% within 2 minutes, the leaching rates of Zn, Mn, Ni, and Pb in black and odorous sediment can reach 41%, 32%, 19%, and 17%, respectively, which belongs to the field of environmental engineering technology.

This disclosure proposes a method for rapidly reducing active heavy metals in fly ash, belonging to the field of fly ash treatment technology. The method includes collecting fly ash samples to be treated, determining their moisture content, pH, total heavy metal content, and active metals; uniformly mixing ferrous sulfate and phosphate in a certain proportion to prepare an iron-phosphate composite stabilizing agent; adding the iron-phosphate composite stabilizing agent to the fly ash samples to be treated and mixing to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying water onto the mixture to adjust the moisture content, and then allowing the hydrated material to stand for curing. This method utilizes the reducing effect of ferrous sulfate and the adsorption / co-precipitation effect of iron oxides / hydrides, as well as the precipitation effect of phosphates, to convert heavy metals from an active state to a stable form such as iron (hydride) oxide bound state or phosphate precipitation, thereby rapidly reducing their active content.

The application provides a treatment process of cyanide-containing wastewater, and belongs to the technical field of industrial wastewater treatment. The process comprises the following steps: firstly, pretreating the cyanide-containing wastewater to obtain cyanide-containing pretreated effluent; then, mixing the cyanide-containing pretreated effluent with passivation wastewater; and finally, sequentially performing low-chlorine pre-oxidation, composite catalytic complex-oxidation, residual chlorine regulation, heavy metal instant capture and coagulation sedimentation treatment. The process can improve the removal stability of complex cyanide and copper, nickel, zinc and other heavy metals, reduce the consumption of oxidants and residual chlorine, and improve the adaptability of subsequent biochemical treatment.

The application discloses a method for removing heavy metals from electroplating waste acid, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment. The method comprises the following steps: S1, filtering electroplating waste acid to obtain pretreated liquid; S2, adjusting the pretreated liquid to be acidic and then performing ultrafiltration to obtain filtered liquid; S3, adsorbing and separating heavy metals and sulfate by using amino imidazole phosphonic acid modified D851 resin; S4, eluting and desorbing the resin to regenerate and recycle; and S5, electrolyzing the sulfate solution to recover high-purity metal elements at a cathode and recover sulfuric acid at an anode. The method realizes efficient and deep removal of heavy metals from electroplating waste acid by a combined process, and simultaneously completes resource recovery of sulfuric acid and metals; the modified resin has strong acid resistance and good cyclic stability, the overall process is stable in operation, and the environmental protection benefit and economic benefit are outstanding, so that the method is suitable for industrial application.

The application relates to the technical field of electrochemical sensors, in particular to a sewage heavy metal component content determination system. The system comprises a data measurement module, a disturbed analysis module, a concentration adjustment module and a content determination module. The data measurement module measures the voltammetry curve and initial concentration of heavy metals in sewage samples. The disturbed analysis module compares the measured voltammetry curve with a standard voltammetry curve, constructs an inhibition factor of each heavy metal, and screens disturbed heavy metals. The concentration adjustment module determines a comparison sample through the initial concentration of the disturbed heavy metals, compares the voltammetry curve of each sewage sample, corrects the corresponding initial concentration combined with the inhibition factor, and obtains the final concentration of each heavy metal in each sewage sample. The content determination module detects the over-standard content of sewage heavy metals based on the final concentration. The accuracy of the over-standard content detection result is improved, and the problems of missed reports and false reports caused by the fact that organic pollutants hinder the electrochemical reaction of heavy metal ions, leading to inaccurate heavy metal concentration determination are reduced.

This invention discloses a method for immobilizing multiple heavy metals in heavy metal-containing residual salts using a microcrystalline reinforced glass body, belonging to the field of hazardous waste harmless and resource-based treatment technology. This method targets residual salts containing heavy metals such as Cr, Pb, and Zn. The residual salts are mixed with silica, limestone, soda ash, and fluorite in a specific ratio, and then melted and homogenized to form a base glass with high sulfur and chlorine tolerance. Based on this, a microcrystalline reinforced glass solidified body with coexisting glass and crystalline phases is constructed through controlled crystallization treatment. This method achieves simultaneous and efficient immobilization of multiple heavy metals such as Cr, Pb, and Zn. The leaching concentrations of Cr, Pb, and Zn in the solidified product are below 0.168 mg / L, 0.207 mg / L, and 0.188 mg / L, respectively, significantly lower than the limits specified in GB / T 41015-2021, demonstrating excellent long-term environmental stability.