50 results about "Cyclopentanone" patented technology

The utility model relates to the technical field of preparation devices, and discloses a cyclopentanone purification preparation device which comprises a device body, a condensation chamber and a stirring assembly, a storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the device body, a supporting base is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the storage tank, and a sealing tank top is arranged at the top of the device body. And a feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the interior of the sealing tank top, the stirring assembly is arranged in the device body, and a condensation chamber is arranged in the device body. Steam in the device body can enter a steam inlet through the formed steam inlet and enter a condensation pipe through the steam inlet, the steam in the condensation pipe is condensed into water drops through cooling liquid in a condensation chamber, the water drops flow into a material storage tank, and therefore integrated purification work can be conducted; the operation process is simpler, the manual intervention is reduced, the operation difficulty and the possibility of errors are reduced, and the overall purification efficiency of the equipment is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fine chemical engineering and electronic material purification, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently removing trace metal ions (Al, Cr, Cu and Fe) in cyclopentanone by utilizing a chitosan-based adsorbent, so that the trace metal ions reach the electronic-grade purity standard (the total content of the metal ions is 1t; the removal method comprises the following steps: (1) fully mixing the modified chitosan adsorbent with a cyclopentanone solution, and carrying out adsorption for 0.5-20 hours at the adsorption temperature of 20-50 DEG C; (2) separating the adsorbent loaded with the metal ions after adsorption from the cyclopentanone solution to obtain the cyclopentanone solution in which the metal ions are deeply removed and the adsorbent loaded with the metal ions; (3) mixing the adsorbent loaded with the metal ions with a desorption agent for desorption, and then filtering and separating out the adsorbent; and (4) drying the adsorbent, and recycling the adsorbent in the step (1).

The invention discloses a peach ketone synthesis method, which relates to the technical field of essence and perfume synthesis, and comprises the following steps: adding cyclopentanone and glacial acetic acid into a reaction container, starting stirring, adding manganese acetate (II) and cobalt acetate (II), and then adding acetic anhydride; introducing dried air below the liquid level, heating to 80-100 DEG C, dropwise adding D-limonene, and carrying out a heat preservation reaction after dropwise adding is finished; gC monitors the reaction endpoint, and the reaction is stopped when the product purity of the reaction liquid is not increased any more; after the reaction is finished, filtering, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to recover cyclopentanone, glacial acetic acid and unreacted D-limonene, after the recovery is finished, adding methanol and n-heptane into kettle liquid, carrying out water extraction, washing and liquid separation, washing an organic phase with a sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the organic phase to recover n-heptane, and after the recovery is finished, obtaining a peach ketone crude product; and carrying out crude drawing and rectification on the peach ketone crude product to obtain a peach ketone finished product. The method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, low safety risk and few three wastes, and can obtain a high-purity peach ketone finished product.

This invention discloses an alloy catalyst, comprising a support and a copper-ruthenium alloy supported on the support, wherein the copper-ruthenium alloy is: Cu 0.7 Ru 0.3 The alloy catalyst prepared by this invention can be used to prepare cyclopentanone. The catalyst has high activity, good stability, and low price. The reactants used in the reaction are renewable, widely distributed, and inexpensive. The preparation of cyclopentanone using the catalyst of this invention does not require the introduction of acid or alkali, which solves the problem of difficult acid treatment in the prior art. Furthermore, it is not corrosive to the reaction equipment, which is conducive to large-scale production.

The invention relates to the field of waste liquid separation, and discloses a process for separating cyclopentanone and propylene glycol methyl ether waste liquid through heterogeneous reaction rectification, which comprises the following steps: dividing a common rectification tower into three sections: a rectification section, a reaction section and a stripping section; raw materials are waste liquid of propylene glycol monomethyl ether and cyclopentanone and are fed into the tower in a rectifying section, and acetic acid is used as a reaction raw material and is fed into the tower in a stripping section; in the reaction section, propylene glycol methyl ether reacts with acetic acid to generate propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and is separated from cyclopentanone at the same time, only acetic acid is introduced in the process and can be completely converted into propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and recycling of added materials for extractive distillation or azeotropic distillation does not need to be considered.

The invention relates to a method for a palladium-catalyzed cyclization extension reaction of butadienes. Specifically, under the condition that tert-butyl nitrite is oxidized under the catalysis of palladium, the cyclopentanone compound is obtained through a ring extension reaction of butyl fulvene and water. According to the invention, green and rich water is used as a raw material, and a series of cyclopentanone compounds are obtained under mild conditions.

The present application relates to a method for synthesizing cyclopentadiene from a biomass platform compound cyclopentanone, which uses cyclopentanone as a raw material, and is synthesized by hydrogenation-deoxidization and dehydrogenation in series in a fixed-bed continuous reactor under the action of a composite metal oxide catalyst of A x B y O z type. The process route is simple, environmentally friendly, and the catalyst is easy to prepare, thus providing a new and effective approach for synthesizing cyclopentadiene from cyclopentanone.

The application relates to a synthesis method of 2-hydroxy-2-methylcyclopentanone compounds and belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis. The 2-hydroxy-2-methylcyclopentanone compounds are prepared from cyclobutanone compounds through protection of carbonyl groups, deprotection and rearrangement reaction; the application does not need to use expensive metal catalysts, has mild reaction conditions, does not need high-pressure equipment, is high in safety and easy to be industrialized, is high in atomic economy, is simple in operation, avoids use of highly toxic or high-pollution reagents, and is low in mercury salt consumption.

The invention belongs to the field of organic synthesis, and discloses a method for realizing selective synthesis of cyano-substituted isoxazoline and 3H-pyrrole-3-ketone through temperature regulation, which comprises the following steps: by taking alkynyl ketoxime as a raw material, copper trifluoromethanesulfonate as a catalyst and cyanobenzo iodo-oxacyclopentanone (CBX reagent) as a cyanation reagent, reacting at the temperature of 20-50 DEG C under the condition that the temperature is 20-50 DEG C, thereby obtaining the cyano-substituted isoxazoline and 3H-pyrrole-3-ketone with the cyano-substituted isoxazoline and 3H-pyrrole-3-ketone. And carrying out tube sealing reaction in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain the cyano-substituted isoxazoline. When the temperature is increased to 100 DEG C to 120 DEG C, the reaction time is prolonged, and the cyano-substituted 3H-pyrrole-3-ketone is obtained. According to the invention, two different cyano-substituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are selectively synthesized through temperature regulation and control and free radical cascade reaction of different paths. The reaction catalyst is less in dosage, the substrate is wide in application range, the operation is simple, and the method is efficient.

This invention discloses an ABS surface scratch repair coating and its preparation method, relating to the field of coating technology. The ABS surface scratch repair coating is prepared by reacting 3,9-dichloro-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[5.5]undecane 3,9-dioxide with formic acid to obtain intermediate 1; reacting intermediate 1 with diethyl maleate to obtain intermediate 2; reacting intermediate 2 with ethylenediamine to obtain a polyamino phosphorus-containing curing agent; reacting p-hydroxybenzoic acid with 2-chlorocyclopentanone to obtain cyclopentanone benzoate; reacting nano-cerium dioxide sequentially with 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and cyclopentanone benzoate to obtain modified nano-cerium dioxide; and mixing epoxy resin, polyamino phosphorus-containing curing agent, puerarin, and modified nano-cerium dioxide with acetone as a diluent to obtain the ABS surface scratch repair coating. The ABS surface scratch repair coating prepared by this invention has superior weather resistance and flame retardant properties.

The invention discloses a preparation method of exo-8-oxo-bicyclo [3.2. 1] octane-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester, which comprises the following steps: carrying out deprotonation reaction on cyclopentanone under a strong alkali condition, and then carrying out ortho-alkylation reaction on the deprotonation product and 2-(bromomethyl) methyl acrylate to obtain 2-((2-oxo-cyclopentyl) methyl) methyl acrylate; 2-((2-oxocyclopentyl) methyl) methyl acrylate is subjected to a Michael addition cyclization reaction in a catalyst / organic solvent system, inner-8-oxobicyclo [3.2. 1] octane-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester is obtained, the reaction continues under the same conditions, and the inner-8-oxobicyclo [3.2. 1] octane-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester is obtained. And carrying out isomerization on the inner-8-oxo-bicyclo [3.2. 1] octane-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester until the inner-8-oxo-bicyclo [3.2. 1] octane-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester is completely converted into the outer-8-oxo-bicyclo [3.2. 1] octane-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester. The preparation method provided by the invention fills up the blank that the ex-8-oxo-bicyclo [3.2. 1] octane-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester cannot be synthesized in the prior art and the extrinsic derivative cannot be synthesized by using the extrinsic raw material in the actual research and development process.

The invention provides a process for producing cyclopentanone from cyclopentene, and belongs to the technical field of cyclopentanone production.In the esterification reaction, acetic acid is used for removing metal ions to improve the activity stability of a sulfonic cation exchange resin catalyst; when the ester hydrogenation process is used, the cyclopentyl acetate is directly converted into cyclopentanol and absolute ethyl alcohol with high added value; the appropriate CuO-ZnO / Al2O3 high-activity dehydrogenation catalyst is selected, so that the reaction efficiency is obviously improved, the energy consumption is obviously reduced, the conversion per pass of the dehydrogenation reaction is 70% or above, and the selectivity of cyclopentanone is close to 100%. In short, the production method provided by the invention is high in catalyst activity, high in reaction conversion rate, short in reaction time, relatively easy in product refining and cyclopentanol recovery, obviously reduced in energy consumption and more suitable for industrial production.

The invention discloses a quinazoline fused benzothiazepine tetracyclic compound serving as a berberine structural analogue, a preparation method of the quinazoline fused benzothiazepine tetracyclic compound and application of the quinazoline fused benzothiazepine tetracyclic compound to preparation of a medicine for treating breast cancer. The structural general formula of the compound is shown as a formula 3, and the compound can be regarded as simulation and optimization of the dominant structure of a natural product berberine. The preparation method of the compound comprises the following steps: taking a benzodithio cyclopentanone compound and a quinazoline-derived dipole compound as raw materials, and carrying out efficient [4 + 3] cyclization reaction in an organic solvent under the action of a phosphine reagent. The method is mild in condition, simple in step, wide in substrate universality, capable of rapidly constructing a compound library containing more than 25 target compounds, and excellent in yield. In-vitro anti-tumor evaluation shows that the compound disclosed by the invention shows remarkable anti-proliferative activity and anti-migration ability to triple negative breast cancer cells, and has a high selectivity index.

The application belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and particularly relates to a method for oxidizing cyclopentanone, which comprises the following steps: contacting an oxygen-containing gas with cyclopentanone in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst; and the catalyst contains a zirconium salt. By using the catalyst containing the zirconium salt, the conversion rate of the raw material cyclopentanone and the selectivity of the product glutaric acid in the method for preparing glutaric acid by oxidizing cyclopentanone are improved, the occurrence of a side reaction is reduced, the burden of separating impurities in a synthetic liquid is reduced, and a good technical effect is achieved.

The invention discloses a compound agent for relieving later spring coldness of a wheat pesticide at intervals as well as an application method and application thereof, belongs to the technical field of wheat planting, and aims at solving the technical problem that the effect of an exogenous compound agent for relieving later spring coldness harming the growth of wheat at intervals needs to be further improved in the prior art. The compound preparation specifically comprises methyl 2-pentylcyclopentanone acetate, cholic chloride, an anther accelerant, chelated calcium and water. According to the invention, through a synergistic effect among the components, adverse effects caused by low-temperature adversity can be effectively relieved when the wheat pesticide encounters late spring coldness at intervals, and normal filling and yield formation of grains can be promoted while the cold resistance of plants is improved and the photosynthetic activity is maintained.

The invention discloses a novel supramolecular assembly material with nitrogen fertilizer slow release and controlled release functions and a preparation method of the novel supramolecular assembly material, and belongs to the technical field of nitrogen fertilizer synergistic materials. The supramolecular assembly material is prepared from a composite plant source inhibitor, a functionalized hydrogen bond molecule donor, a novel composite dispersing agent and a high-efficiency cosolvent, the composite plant source inhibitor is composed of cyclopentanone, a coumarin derivative and a flavonoid compound. The functionalized hydrogen bond molecular donor is composed of citrulline, N-acetyl urea and ethyl carbamate; the novel composite dispersing agent is prepared from a naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium polyepoxysuccinate and nano silicon dioxide; the efficient cosolvent is prepared from acetic acid, acetonitrile and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate. The supramolecular assembly material is a supramolecular crystal formed by two or more molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bond interaction, and has excellent stability and controllability. After being mixed with a nitrogen fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer can be obviously prolonged.

The application discloses a preparation method of vitamin C ethyl ether. The preparation method of vitamin C ethyl ether comprises the following steps: S11, reacting vitamin C and cyclopentanone to obtain 5,6-O-cyclopentyl-ascorbic acid; S12, adding chlorosulfoxide dropwise into ethanol to react, then adding 5,6-O-cyclopentyl-ascorbic acid and triethylamine to perform refluxing reaction to obtain 3-O-ethyl-5,6-O-cyclopentyl-ascorbic acid ether; S13, reacting 3-O-ethyl-5,6-O-cyclopentyl-ascorbic acid ether with dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain vitamin C ethyl ether; in addition, a solid catalyst is added in step S12. The solid catalyst prepared by a novel method is added in step S12 of the preparation method of vitamin C ethyl ether; the reaction time of step S12 can be shortened to 3-5 hours, and meanwhile, the yield of step S12 can be ensured to reach more than 80%. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the application greatly shortens the reaction time of the core step, which is helpful to improve the production efficiency and further reduce the production cost.

This invention relates to a method for synthesizing methylindane and tetrahydronaphthalene from the biomass platform compound cyclopentanone. Using cyclopentanone as a raw material, the method involves a fixed-bed continuous reactor where, under the action of a molecular sieve catalyst, cyclopentanone is converted in one step into the target products methylindane and tetrahydronaphthalene. This invention features a simple process route, is environmentally friendly, and utilizes inexpensive and readily available catalysts, providing a novel approach for the synthesis of methylindane and tetrahydronaphthalene from cyclopentanone.

The invention discloses a marking substance for wheat mildewing in wine brewing unprocessed grains and a rapid detection method, which are used for rapidly detecting wheat mildewing on the basis of six scientifically screened marking substances including cyclopentanone monomer, ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate, propyl acetate, tert-butyl alcohol, 2-butanone and nonanal, and providing an accurate basis for judging a wheat mildewing stage. Wine brewing raw grain wheat mildew stage division is realized, and wheat mildew detection accuracy is improved. Based on the early-stage mildew marker substance, early-stage detection of wheat mildew is realized, and the detection sensitivity is enhanced; based on the signal intensity and combination characteristics of the marker substance, determining the main mould types of wheat mildew; besides, the rapid detection of the mildew of the wine-making raw grain wheat is verified by multiple methods, and the similarity calculation, dynamic principal component analysis, clustering heat map analysis and voting method or weighted scoring model of mildew samples at different mildew stages are combined, so that the cross validation of the multiple methods is realized; and the accuracy and reliability of determining the mildew stage and the mold type are improved.

The invention discloses bradyrhizobium yuanmingense ASHBWH-23-9 with functions of promoting growth and inhibiting aspergillus flavus and application of the bradyrhizobium yuanmingense ASHBWH-23-9, and the preservation number of the bradyrhizobium yuanmingense ASHBWH-23-9 is CCTCC (China Center for Type Culture Collection) M 20253053. The innovation of the invention lies in that the dual functions of generating cyclopentanone antibacterial volatile matters and efficiently symbiotically fixing nitrogen are integrated in the bradyrhizobium in the circular and clear garden for the first time. The molecular mechanism is that the generated volatile substance can accurately down-regulate the expression of a toxin synthesis key gene and a spore development core gene in aspergillus flavus. Compared with an existing microbial agent with a single function, nodulation and nitrogen fixation promotion and aspergillus flavus inhibition at the source can be synchronously realized at the rhizosphere of the peanuts through one-time inoculation, and particularly, aiming at the characteristics of overground flowering and underground fruiting of the peanuts, the microbial agent continuously plays a role in bacteriostasis and antipoison in soil in the pod development period.

The invention provides a preparation method of furfuryl ketone resin, which comprises the following steps: step 1, mixing furfural, acetophenone, cyclopentanone and furfuryl alcohol according to a mass ratio, and uniformly stirring to obtain a homogeneous mixed solution; step 2, adding a catalyst into the homogeneous-phase mixed solution, and continuously stirring and uniformly dispersing; and step 3, adding the uniformly dispersed solution into a reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen to replace air in the kettle, and carrying out step-by-step temperature control reaction to obtain light yellow to light brown viscous resin liquid. The energy band structure of the bioxometallate is regulated and controlled through rare earth elements, the electrophilic / nucleophilic ability of active sites is enhanced, and generation of C-C bonds is directionally catalyzed; advanced gelation of the resin is inhibited through the polydopamine film; dynamic adaptation of the acid / alkali site proportion is realized by adjusting the doping amount of rare earth, aldol condensation and dehydration crosslinking reaction can be completed in one step, the technological process is simplified, and finally efficient and green synthesis of high-carbon-residue and high-performance furfuryl ketone resin is realized.

The invention discloses a preparation method of non-grain bio-based pentamethylene diamine, and relates to the technical field of bio-based chemical preparation. The preparation method of the non-grain bio-based pentamethylene diamine comprises the following steps: adding furfural and a first catalyst into a first solvent, introducing hydrogen, carrying out a furfural hydrogenation reaction, and recovering the first catalyst to obtain a reaction liquid of cyclopentanone; adding ammonia water and a second catalyst into the reaction liquid of cyclopentanone, introducing oxygen, carrying out ammoxidation reaction on cyclopentanone, and recovering the second catalyst to obtain a reaction liquid of glutaronitrile; and adding the reaction liquid of the glutaraldehyde and a third catalyst into a second solvent, adding alkali liquor to adjust the pH value to 8-12, introducing hydrogen, carrying out a glutaraldehyde hydrogenation reaction, recovering the third catalyst, and carrying out rectification and purification to obtain the pentamethylene diamine. The preparation method disclosed by the invention does not depend on grain raw materials, the process is green and environment-friendly, the catalyst is stable in circulation, and industrial large-scale production and high-purity application scenarios can be met.

The invention relates to the technical field of organic synthesis, in particular to a method for preparing cyclopentanone through cyclopentanol dehydrogenation, which comprises the following steps: S1, raw material catalysis: taking cyclopentanol as a raw material, taking a modified copper-silicon catalyst as a fixed bed catalytic active component, and carrying out gas-phase dehydrogenation reaction in an integrated adiabatic bed reactor; s2, laying a bed layer; s3, regulating and controlling parameters; and S4, separating the product. Therefore, through combination of the modified copper-silicon catalyst, segmented temperature control and nitrogen dilution, the conversion per pass of cyclopentanol is greater than or equal to 83.52%, the selectivity of cyclopentanone is greater than or equal to 98%, and the by-product is less than or equal to 0.5%; a closed-loop control system achieves accurate control over temperature, pressure and flow, raw material circulation and activated carbon tail gas treatment are matched, no corrosion by-product is generated, equipment modularization is easy to maintain, and the system is suitable for industrial efficient and environment-friendly production.

The invention belongs to the field of catalysts, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a Co-MOF derivative catalyst and application of the Co-MOF derivative catalyst in catalytic hydrogenation of high-concentration furfural. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a Co-MOF material from cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, terephthalic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide, calcining the Co-MOF material in a reducing atmosphere to prepare a Co-C catalyst, and applying the catalyst to hydrogenation of 8-10wt% high-concentration furfural to prepare cyclopentanone and cyclopentanol. The catalyst is simple in preparation method, has a stable shell-core structure, has relatively strong magnetism, is convenient to separate and recover, and has high catalytic activity and recycling capability. Ethanol is used as a cosolvent, the solubility of furfural in water can be increased, side reactions are reduced to a certain extent, the catalytic hydrogenation reaction of high-concentration furfural in a water phase is achieved, the total mass yield of products is high, and the industrial development potential is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials, and particularly relates to a hollow-structure catalyst for furfural water-phase hydro-conversion and a preparation method of the hollow-structure catalyst. According to the catalyst, hollow structure SiO2 (C) with a hydrophobic carbon layer in an inner cavity is used as a carrier, and at least one of active metal components Cu, Ni and Co is preferentially loaded on the outer surface of the carrier. The structure creates unique distribution of internal hydrophobic and external enrichment active sites, and cooperates with enrichment and confinement effects of the hollow structure on reactants to construct an efficient micro-reaction environment. When the catalyst is applied to a furfural water phase hydrogenation reaction, the hydrophobic carbon layer in the inner cavity can effectively enrich hydrogen, and the active metal on the outer surface is beneficial to activation and contact of furfural molecules, so that the catalytic efficiency and selectivity are remarkably improved. The catalyst can convert furfural into high-added-value products such as furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and cyclopentanone with high activity and high selectivity, and shows excellent catalytic stability.

The invention provides a method for separating cyclopentene and cyclopentane in a C5 component and a preparation method of cyclopentanone, which comprises the following steps: firstly, under the action of a solid acid catalyst, enabling the cyclopentene in the C5 component to react with acetic acid to obtain cyclopentyl acetate, and by virtue of the characteristic that the boiling point difference between ester substances and alkane is relatively large, separating cyclopentene from cyclopentane in the C5 component to obtain cyclopentyl acetate; and separating the cyclopentane from the cyclopentyl acetate to achieve the separation of the cyclopentane and the cyclopentene. Furthermore, cyclopentyl acetate obtained through separation reacts with hydrogen under the action of a hydrogenation catalyst to produce cyclopentanol, cyclopentanol is oxidized under the action of the catalyst and an oxidizing agent to produce cyclopentanone, and unreacted cyclopentanol can be recycled. Through testing, the yield of cyclopentanol is greater than or equal to 90%, the yield of cyclopentanone is greater than or equal to 90%, and the purity of cyclopentane is greater than or equal to 95%.

The application discloses a refining method of cyclopentyl formaldehyde, which comprises the following steps: firstly, reacting the cyclopentyl formaldehyde crude product with a lower alcohol, then reacting with sodium bisulfite, separating the sulfonate solid after the reaction, and carrying out a desalting reaction on the sulfonate solid with potassium carbonate to obtain the cyclopentyl formaldehyde fine product. The method improves the separation effect of the cyclopentyl formaldehyde and cyclopentanone, and alcohol is used as the solvent, so that the generated sulfonate is precipitated from the solution, the sulfonate of the cyclopentyl formaldehyde is directly filtered out, and the desalting is carried out with potassium carbonate after water is added for cleaning, so that the finished product is generated, the operation is simple, the effect is good, and the yield is high.

A process for producing a C10-C18 dialkylcycloalkane, the process comprising: (i) subjecting a furfural compound, a furfuryl alcohol compound or a mixture of a furfural compound and a furfuryl alcohol compound to a reductive rearrangement reaction in the presence of water, hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst comprising a supported transition metal, to produce a reaction product comprising an active methylene group-containing cyclic ketone selected from the group consisting of cyclopentanone, substituted cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone or substituted cyclohexanone and mixtures thereof; (ii) reacting the active methylene group-containing cyclic ketone obtained in step (i) with a furfural compound in an aldol condensation reaction in the presence of a catalyst to produce a reaction product comprising an unsaturated C10-C18 oxygen-containing cyclic organic dimer and / or trimer compound; (iii) subjecting the unsaturated C10-C18 oxygen-containing cyclic organic dimer and / or trimer compound produced in step (ii) to a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst to produce a saturated C10-C18 oxygen-containing cyclic organic dimer and / or trimer compound; and (iv) subjecting the saturated C10-C18 oxygen-containing cyclic organic dimer and / or trimer compound produced in step (iii) to a hydrodeoxygenation step in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrodeoxygenation catalyst to produce a hydrocarbon product comprising C10-C18 dialkyl cycloalkanes, wherein the reaction product of step (i) is subjected to an azeotropic distillation step (ia) to produce a distillate stream comprising a majority of the active methylene group-containing cyclic ketone and a bottoms stream comprising a majority of water and a fraction of the active methylene group-containing cyclic ketone, the cyclic ketone containing active methylene groups is recovered from the reaction product produced in step (i), wherein the distillate stream is used as a feed in step (ii).

The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a farmland drought-resisting, water-retaining and fertilizing multifunctional fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The multifunctional fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2 to 6 parts of starch grafted acrylic acid SAP, 1 to 4 parts of cyclopentanone, 2 to 6 parts of enzymolysis brown algae extract, 1 to 4 parts of straw carbon, 1 to 4 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 to 4 parts of betaine, 2 to 6 parts of polyacrylamide, 6 to 12 parts of humic acid, 40 to 50 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 to 25 parts of NPK chemical fertilizer and 5 to 10 parts of bentonite. Wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting 70% of chicken manure, 20% of pig manure and 10% of straw powder. The fertilizer can reduce soil hardening, improve porosity, enhance air permeability and reduce water and soil loss caused by rain wash, and humic acid is a carbon source of soil microorganisms and can stimulate reproduction of beneficial microorganisms (such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria), accelerate decomposition of organic matters and release more effective nutrients.

A composition includes particular amounts of methyl formate and a second solvent selected from acetone, acetonitrile, cyclopentanone, dimethyl carbonate, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,3-dioxolane, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, gamma butyrolactone, isopropyl alcohol, methyl acetate, methylal, methyl glyoxal, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, n-propyl alcohol, propylene carbonate, 2-pyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, thioacetic acid, thiophene, transdichloroethylene, water, or a combination thereof. The composition can be particularly useful in removing a coating from a surface.