The invention discloses a method with high catalyst stability for low-pressure carbonyl synthesis of
acetic acid from
methanol, and relates to the technical field of low-pressure carbonyl synthesis of
acetic acid from
methanol, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, reaction section: introducing
methanol or a reactive derivative thereof and CO into a reactor, adding a group VIII
metal catalyst, an iodomethane cocatalyst and inorganic
iodide, and carrying out a reaction for 2-4 hours; the preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking a
raw material as a
raw material and an
ionic liquid with a [NR1R2R3R4] < + > [CH3COO] <-> structure as a catalyst stabilizer, carrying out carbonyl synthesis reaction on the material in a reactor to obtain an
acetic acid crude product, and in the formula, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are
alkyl,
aryl and acyl containing 4-9 carbons or a combination thereof; s2, carrying out gas-liquid separation; s3, evaporating and washing; s4, light component removal treatment; and S5, purification treatment, so that the VIII group
metal catalyst can still keep stable when reactants are in a
reaction system with low
water content of 0.5-1.0%, the
energy consumption of a rear-end dehydrating
tower and a finished product
tower is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.