A process method for preparing
acrylonitrile through propylene
ammoxidation belongs to the field of
chemical engineering, and is characterized in that in a corresponding device and a
reaction system of the method, propylene,
ammonia gas and air (in terms of O2) enter a
fluidized bed reactor at 400-450 DEG C and 0.01-0.15 MPa for reaction according to a ratio of 1: (1-1.5): (2-10) at a weight hourly
space velocity of 0.04-0.1 h <-1 >; the micro-sphere catalyst with the particle size of 40-60 microns in the dense-phase section and the dilute-phase section has alpha-phase
bismuth molybdate, gamma-phase
bismuth molybdate and
lattice oxygen active centers and meets the
chemical formula MoaBibNicWdTleVfPgSixOy, the
atomic ratio a in the formula is 21-22, the
atomic ratio b in the formula is 1.5-2, the
atomic ratio c in the formula is 4-5, the atomic ratio d in the formula is 0.8-1, the atomic ratio e in the formula is 0.09-0.1, the atomic ratio f in the formula is 0.15-0.2, the atomic ratio g in the formula is 0.8-1, the atomic ratio x in the formula is 70-71, and y is the number of
oxygen atoms needed by the atomic valence of all elements; a product enters a quench
tower and a water absorption
tower to be neutralized and cooled, and then passes through a
recovery tower, an
acetonitrile tower, a decyanation tower, a layering device and a finished product tower to realize separation of a water phase and an organic phase, so that crude
acetonitrile, hydrocyanic acid and refined
acrylonitrile are further obtained. The process is good in conversion degree and product selectivity, stable and reliable in operation, energy-saving and environment-friendly.