The invention provides a cotton
fiber /
nitrocellulose composite membrane and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that S1, a cotton pulp board is beaten into cotton
fiber-containing cotton pulp, the cotton
fiber-containing cotton pulp is added into an
acetic acid buffer solution of
sodium periodate, a first reaction is conducted, an obtained product is washed and then added into a NaBH4 solution, and a second reaction is conducted; carrying out a second reaction, and washing the obtained product to obtain cotton fibers oxidized by
sodium periodate; and S2, mixing the cotton fibers oxidized by
sodium periodate with a
cellulose nitrate and
carboxymethyl cellulose suspension, carrying out suction
filtration to form a membrane, so as to obtain an ox-CF / NC / CMC
composite membrane, immersing the ox-CF / NC / CMC
composite membrane into a gelatinized cationic
starch suspension, taking out the membrane, and
drying the membrane, so as to obtain the ox-CF / NC / CMC / CS composite membrane. The
protein adsorption performance and the color development performance of the composite membrane are enhanced.