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52 results about "Mercury intrusion" patented technology

Method and device for analyzing pore throat structure pattern based on fractal theory

The invention relates to a pore throat structure style analysis method and device based on a fractal theory, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a rock sample mercury injection curve through a mercury injection experiment, and obtaining mercury intrusion dynamic parameters of a plurality of test points; calculating a mercury intrusion dynamic parameter logarithm value according to the rock sample mercury intrusion curve; fitting the mercury intrusion dynamic parameter logarithm value to obtain a linear regression fitting straight line; calculating the pore fractal dimension of the rock according to the slope of the linear regression fitting straight line; and analyzing the pore throat structure style according to the pore fractal dimension to obtain an analysis result. The fractal theory and the mercury injection experiment are combined, and classification characterization and three-dimensional simulation of the reservoir complex pore throat structure style can be achieved through reservoir pore fractal dimension determination.
Owner:CHINA UNIV OF PETROLEUM (BEIJING)

Quantitative characterization method for full pore size distribution and connectivity of shale

The invention relates to a shale full pore size distribution and connectivity quantitative characterization method. The method comprises the following steps: respectively determining a two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance T1-T2 spectrum and a nuclear magnetic resonance T2 spectrum of a dry sample core and a saturated oil core, carrying out a high-pressure mercury injection test on a parallel sample of the core, completing benchmarking of T2 and pore throat radius, and determining core communication aperture distribution; (2) splitting the rock core into sheets along the lamella, determining a two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance T1-T2 spectrum of the sheet-shaped dry sample rock core, comparing the two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance T1-T2 spectrum with the T1-T2 spectrum of the dry sample rock core, and calculating the distribution of the disconnected seams of the rock core; (3) grinding the rock core into 200-mesh particles, measuring the two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance T1-T2 spectrum of the granular dry sample rock core, comparing the two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance T1-T2 spectrum with the T1-T2 spectrum of the sheet-shaped dry sample rock core, and calculating the distribution of disconnected holes of the rock core; and (4) calculating shale full pore size distribution and connectivity. According to the method, nuclear magnetic resonance testing is carried out on shale in different states and forms, and quantitative characterization of shale full pore size distribution and connectivity of different storage spaces is achieved.
Owner:NORTHEAST GASOLINEEUM UNIV

Characterization method of change of carbon dioxide salt water layer sealing pore permeability along with time based on carbon dioxide-water-rock reaction

The invention discloses a method for characterizing changes of carbon dioxide salt water layer sealing pore permeability along with time based on a carbon dioxide-water-rock reaction. The method for characterizing the change of the carbon dioxide salt water layer sealing pore permeability along with the time based on the carbon dioxide-water-rock reaction comprises the following steps: carrying out a static CO2-water-rock reaction simulation experiment on a saturated core by adopting experimental formation water to obtain the particle sizes of suspended matters under different pressures; performing dynamic CO2-water-rock reaction experiments in the injection process under different pressures by adopting different research area stratum cores, and performing mercury injection test, porosity test and permeability test on the research area stratum cores before and after the experiments to obtain porosity and permeability change rate charts after CO2-water-rock reaction under different pressures; the long-term CO2-water-rock reaction pore permeability change is simulated through multi-field coupling of the model, and the quantification of the change of the pore permeability along with the time in the whole sealing process of injecting the carbon dioxide into the salt water layer is obtained.
Owner:CHINA NATIONAL OFFSHORE OIL (CHINA) CO LTD +1

Method of making ceramic wall-flow filter substrate supporting porous on-wall coating

A method of making a ceramic honeycomb wall-flow filter substrate supporting an on-wall coating, a fragment of which on-wall coated filter substrate analysed by mercury porosimetry has a volume of pores of 005 to 0.5 µm diameter as a percentage of a mercury intrusion volume of the fragment of at least 15.0%, comprises the steps of: (i) preparing a slurry comprising water, a carboxylic acid, inorganic oxide particles or a mixture of two or more inorganic oxide particles having a D(v, 0.9) of 8 to 20 µm; and 10 to 35 % by weight relative to 100% weight of the inorganic oxide particles of a particulate insoluble cellulose pore former of non-uniform morphology and having an equivalent spherical diameter D(v, 0.5) of 0.5 to 14 µm and a modal aspect ratio (width / length) of 0.3 to 0.9; (ii) coating the slurry on at least first channels of the substrate, wherein the substrate has a mean pore size (D50) of 6 to 15 µm prior to any coating and a porosity less than 60% prior to any coating; and (iii) drying and calcining the slurry-coated substrate, whereby sufficient slurry is coated on the substrate so that the product of step (iii) has a coating loading of 0.07 to 0.4 g / in3 (4.3 to 24.4 g / L), relative to a substrate weight prior to step (ii) and wherein a mean average on- wall coating thickness of the coated substrate is 5 to 70 µm.
Owner:JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

Method for determining pore diameter lower limit and effective pore volume ratio of movable fluid

The invention provides a method for determining the pore diameter lower limit and the effective pore volume ratio of movable fluid. The method comprises the steps that the temperature of each sample under the stratum in-situ condition is calculated according to the ground temperature gradient and the burial depth; correcting the surface tension coefficient of the water by using the calculated temperature; determining an average contact angle of water and shale; calculating capillary force, enabling the capillary force to be equal to reservoir fluid pressure, and calculating the lower limit of the aperture of the movable water; carrying out carbon dioxide adsorption, liquid nitrogen adsorption and mercury injection experiments on the sample to obtain connectivity pore volume-pore size distribution, and calculating effective pore volume in combination with a movable water pore size lower limit; carrying out a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, calculating the total pore volume of macropores, obtaining the total pore volume of small pores in combination with a carbon dioxide experiment, and finally calculating the total pore volume; and calculating the pore volume ratio of the effective pores by using the pore volume of the effective pores and the total pore volume. According to the method, the evaluation precision of the lower limit of the pore diameter of the shale reservoir movable fluid and the pore volume ratio of the effective pores is effectively improved, and the test cost is reduced.
Owner:PETROCHINA CO LTD

Rock pore throat coordination number calculation method and device based on pore fractal dimension

The invention relates to a rock pore throat coordination number calculation method and device based on pore fractal dimension, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a rock sample mercury injection curve through a mercury injection experiment, and obtaining mercury intrusion dynamic parameters of a plurality of test points; calculating a mercury intrusion dynamic parameter logarithm value according to the rock sample mercury intrusion curve; fitting the mercury intrusion dynamic parameter logarithm value to obtain a linear regression fitting straight line; calculating the pore fractal dimension of the rock according to the slope of the linear regression fitting straight line; and calculating the rock pore throat coordination number according to the pore fractal dimension to obtain an interval calculation result of the rock pore throat coordination number. According to the method, the rock pore throat coordination number can be rapidly and quantitatively determined based on the pore fractal dimension, and the fluctuation range of the pore throat coordination number can be accurately given.
Owner:CHINA UNIV OF PETROLEUM (BEIJING)

Electrode, Battery and Battery Pack

According to an embodiment, an electrode containing an active material containing a titanium oxide is provided. The active material has an average primary particle size of 200 nm or more and 600 nm or less. Regarding the specific surface area S of the electrode based on the nitrogen adsorption method A and the pore specific surface area S based on the mercury intrusion method B satisfy the relationship of 0.3 ≤ S A / S B < 0.6.
Owner:KK TOSHIBA

Porous silicon material, electrode, energy storage device, and method for manufacturing porous silicon material

It suppresses the decrease in conductivity and charge / discharge efficiency. [Solution] The porous silicon material has a Si phase and a conductive phase which is a silicide phase containing Cr and V and may also contain Al, and may also have an SiO2 phase. When the total of the Si phase, conductive phase and SiO2 phase is considered to be 100% by mass, the conductive phase is contained in an amount of 12% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, the SiO2 phase content is 12% by mass or less, the porosity determined by the mercury intrusion method is 45% by volume or more and the average pore diameter is 100 nm or less.
Owner:KK TOYOTA CHUO KENKYUSHO +1

A method for converting the transverse relaxation time distribution into the capillary pressure distribution

The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and specifically relates to a method for converting the transverse relaxation time distribution into the capillary pressure distribution. The present invention proposes a correction coefficient for converting the high-pressure mercury intrusion pore throat radius into the transverse relaxation time, and then obtains the conversion coefficient by using linear interpolation and volume ratio weighting, and establishes a method for converting the transverse relaxation time distribution into the capillary pressure distribution, providing a technical reference for studying the microscopic structure and properties of reservoirs.
Owner:SHAANXI YANCHANG PETROLEUM GRP

Device and method for artificially preparing structural soil samples capable of controlling structural strength

The present invention discloses an apparatus and method for artificially preparing structural soil samples capable of controlling the strength of their structural properties. The apparatus belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering and comprises a low-temperature forming module, a carbonization module, and a terminal device. The method, based on the apparatus, obtains the percentage of pores in each pore size interval of natural loess through a mercury intrusion test, air-dries and crushes the sample, adds CaO, and mixes uniformly. Distilled water is sprayed on the CaO-added soil material and stirred to generate Ca(OH)2, thereby preparing a mixed soil material. Dry ice pellets are prepared based on the percentage of pores in each pore size interval obtained through the mercury intrusion test, mixed uniformly with the mixed soil material, and pressed into a sample of the desired size. The sample is placed in a CO2 environment for curing, and CaCO3 cementation, similar to that of natural loess, is formed between the soil particles. The generated CaCO3 content controls the structural properties by varying the CaO incorporation ratio. Furthermore, the present invention enables non-destructive monitoring of the carbonization process during sample preparation and can control the moisture content of the prepared sample.
Owner:JILIN UNIVERSITY

Hardened body of hydraulic composition

The present invention pertains to a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, the hardened body comprising alkali-resistant fibers, calcium silicate, and calcium aluminate, and the ratio of the pore volume in the range of 11-300,000 nm to the pore volume in the range of 6-10 nm in the pore diameter distribution of the hardened body as determined by mercury intrusion method being 14 or less.
Owner:KURARAY CO LTD

Surface-treated calcium carbonate and resin composition using same

Surface-treated calcium carbonate of the present invention contains calcium carbonate subjected to surface treatment with a fatty acid-based surface treatment agent, and satisfies a certain BET specific surface area (Sw), certain loss on heat per unit area (As), a certain lightness maintenance ratio (%), a certain average pore diameter at which an increase in a mercury intrusion amount reaches a maximum value in a certain pore distribution in a mercury intrusion method (Dxp), and a certain average pore diameter amount (maximum value of increase in mercury intrusion amount (Dyp) / average pore diameter (Dxp)).
Owner:MARUO CALCIUM CO LTD

A quantitative calculation method for reservoir throat length based on constant-rate mercury intrusion porosimetry experiments

ActiveCN121637716BRealize quantitative calculationSolve the technical problem of accurately measuring throat lengthGeometric CADUsing optical meansInformation processingThroat
This invention provides a quantitative calculation method for reservoir throat length based on constant-rate mercury intrusion porosimetry (CRMP) experiments, belonging to the field of oil and gas field development data information processing technology. The method includes: calculating the endpoint values ​​of the mercury intrusion intervals of each throat level based on CRMP experimental data; determining the mercury intrusion saturation of each throat level based on the endpoint values ​​of the interval radius and the mercury intrusion curve data determined by CRMP experiments; obtaining the mercury intrusion volume of each interval based on the calculated mercury intrusion saturation and the pore volume of the rock sample; calculating the mercury intrusion volume of a single throat interval using the interval mercury intrusion volume and the number of throats; and finally, quantitatively calculating the length of each throat level based on the throat radius. This invention provides a quantitative calculation method for throat length, offering a new technical approach for determining reservoir throat length and providing strong data support for research on reservoir throat length and its variation patterns, reservoir throat geometry, and reservoir throat network simulation.
Owner:BEIJING INFORMATION SCI & TECH UNIV

Exhaust gas purification catalyst

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst capable of improving exhaust gas diffusivity and reactivity with respect to diffused exhaust gas, and to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst (1) provided with a metal honeycomb substrate (10) and a catalyst layer (20) provided on the metal honeycomb substrate (10), the catalyst layer (20) contains a noble metal element, Ce-based oxide particles, and Ce-Zr-based composite oxide particles, and in a logarithmic differential pore volume distribution curve of the catalyst layer (20) obtained by a mercury intrusion method, a first peak value is present in the range of a pore diameter of 5-15 nm inclusive, a second peak value is present in the range of a pore diameter of 200-3200 nm inclusive, the first peak value is 0.060 mL / g or more, the second peak value is not less than 0.060 mL / g, and the third peak value is not less than 0.060 mL / g. The second peak value is 0.018 mL / g or more.
Owner:MITSUI MINING & SMELTING CO LTD

Method for making ceramic wall-flow filter substrates supporting porous on-wall coatings - Patent Application 20070122997

1. A method for making a ceramic honeycomb wall-flow filter substrate supporting an on-wall coating, wherein a section of the on-wall coated filter substrate analyzed by mercury porosimetry has a pore volume of 0.05 to 0.5 μm diameter as a percentage of the mercury intrusion volume of at least 15.0% of the section, and (i) an equivalent spherical diameter D(v,0.5) of 0.5 to 1 μm, which is equal to 10 to 35 wt. % of water, carboxylic acid, inorganic oxide particles, or a particulate insoluble cellulose pore former of heterogeneous morphology, with D(v,0.9) of 8 to 20 μm, relative to 100 wt. % of inorganic oxide particles. 4 μm and having a modal aspect ratio (width / length) of 0.3 to 0.9; (ii) coating the slurry onto at least first channels of a substrate, the substrate having an average pore size (D50) of 6 to 15 μm and a porosity of less than 60% before any coating; and (iii) drying and calcining the slurry-coated substrate, wherein the product of step (iii) has a porosity of 0.07 to 0.4 g / in based on the substrate weight before step (ii). 3 A method wherein sufficient slurry is coated onto a substrate to have a coating loading of (4.3-24.4 g / L) and an average on-wall coating thickness of the coated substrate is 5-70 μm.
Owner:JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

Porous spherical silica and method for producing same

Provided are: a porous spherical silica having a large number of pore diameters, a high pore volume, and a narrow pore diameter distribution; and a method for producing the porous spherical silica. [Solution] A porous spherical silica characterized by having a pore volume as determined by mercury intrusion method of 0.5-8 ml / g, a mode pore diameter as determined by mercury intrusion method of 5-50 nm, and a ratio of a pore volume in the range of + / -5 nm of the mode pore diameter to the total pore volume of 40% or more. A fumed silica dispersion, which is dispersed so that the particle size distribution reaches a prescribed range, is formed into a spherical shape by an emulsion method and then gelled, thereby being able to be produced.
Owner:TOKUYAMA CORP

Adsorption filter

The adsorption filter according to the present invention is formed from a molded body including activated carbon and a binder, the pore volume of pores having a diameter of 10 μm or greater in terms of the volume of the adsorption filter as measured through mercury intrusion being 0.10 cm3 / cc to 0.39 cm3 / cc.
Owner:KURARAY CO LTD

Method for determining shale oil reservoir native porosity

The invention relates to the technical field of characterization of unconventional shale reservoirs, and discloses a method for determining the primary porosity of a shale oil reservoir, which comprises the following steps of: measuring the oil-containing porosity of shale, namely testing the porosity of a fresh rock sample according to means such as a helium method, a nuclear magnetic method or a mercury intrusion method to obtain the porosity of the shale sample when the shale sample contains oil; acquiring the porosity of different hydrocarbon components in the shale sample, namely acquiring the porosity of a light oil component (S1-1), the porosity of a medium oil component (S1-2) and the porosity of a heavy oil component (S2-1); the shale primary porosity is quantified, that is, the primary porosity of the shale oil reservoir is quantitatively calculated by combining the porosity of the shale sample when the shale sample contains oil, the porosity of the light oil component, the porosity of the medium oil component and the porosity of the heavy oil component when the shale sample does not contain oil.
Owner:CHINA UNIV OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA)

Connectivity evaluation method and apparatus for rock pore channel, and server and medium

A connectivity evaluation method and apparatus for a rock pore channel, and a server and a medium. The method comprises: acquiring mercury intrusion pressures and mercury intrusion volumes corresponding to the mercury intrusion pressures at at least two pressure change points for mercury entering a pore channel with a pore structure in rock to be evaluated; and on the basis of a first energy conservation formula, a second energy conservation formula, the mercury injection pressures and the mercury intrusion volumes, determining a connectivity coefficient of the pore channel, wherein the connectivity coefficient is used for evaluating the connectivity degree of the pore channel with the pore structure. Mercury intrusion pressures and mercury intrusion volumes are processed on the basis of the two energy conservation formulas, so as to enable the connectivity coefficient obtained on the basis of the processed mercury intrusion pressures and mercury intrusion volumes to be more accurate, thereby achieving more precise evaluation of the connectivity degree of pore channels in rock to be evaluated.
Owner:CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP +1

Method and device for correcting porosity distribution curve of rock-soil material

The present invention provides a method and device for correcting the porosity distribution curve of geotechnical materials. The correction method comprises obtaining the actual porosity n0 of a soil sample, the porosity distribution curve n(r) of the soil sample with respect to the pore size r measured by mercury intrusion, and the measured porosity n of the soil sample, and establishing the porosity n of the pores that are missed in the soil sample when the pore size is r based on the above parameters. 漏 (r) is calculated by using the formula dr to solve the unknown number, and finally the corrected porosity distribution curve n1(r)=n(r)+n 漏 (r). The present invention provides a method for correcting the porosity distribution curve of geomaterials. The porosity distribution curve measured by mercury intrusion injection is added with the missed porosity to obtain a corrected porosity distribution curve. This method can quickly correct the porosity distribution curve measured by mercury intrusion injection, thereby improving the accuracy of the porosity distribution.
Owner:CHINA NATIONAL OFFSHORE OIL (CHINA) CO LTD +1

An experimental method for observing the evolution of mesostructure during loess collapse

The present invention discloses an experimental method for observing the evolution of mesostructure during loess collapse, which relates to the field of mesoscopic observation technology and includes: preparing mesostructure evolution samples of loess samples in the same state; determining the collapse deformation of the original loess samples using a single-line immersion saturation compression method; performing additional tests on samples with significantly different test results from other parallel samples; dividing the collapse stage of the original loess into M stages according to arithmetic differences; taking N evolution samples in the same state, performing a single-line immersion saturation compression test, and removing ring knife samples in stages; freezing and drying the removed samples with liquid nitrogen, and cutting them into observation samples; performing scanning electron microscope observation tests and mercury intrusion tests on the observation samples; and obtaining the evolution characteristics of the loess collapse process based on statistical principles. By obtaining the complete mesostructure evolution characteristics of the entire loess collapse test process, the present invention can characterize the collapse evolution process, predict the macroscopic collapse deformation of loess, and better serve loess engineering.
Owner:NINGXIA UNIVERSITY

Zirconia powder, zirconia sintered body, and method for producing zirconia sintered body

A zirconia powder containing a stabilizer, and having a specific surface area of 20 m2 / g or more and 60 m2 / g or less and a particle diameter D50 of 0.1 μm or more and 0.7 μm or less, in which in a range of 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less in a pore distribution based on a mercury intrusion method, a peak top diameter in a pore volume distribution is 20 nm or more and 85 nm or less, a pore volume is 0.2 ml / g or more and less than 0.5 ml / g, and a pore distribution width is 40 nm or more and 105 nm or less.
Owner:DAIICHI KIGENSO KAGAKU KOGYO CO LTD

Tight sandstone reservoir evaluation method based on high-pressure mercury injection

PendingCN121954774AThe evaluation is accurate and impressivePermeability/surface area analysisPorositySoil science
The invention belongs to the field of unconventional tight sandstone gas reservoir exploration, and discloses a tight sandstone reservoir evaluation method based on high-pressure mercury injection, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting high-pressure mercury injection experimental data of a tight sandstone reservoir in a research area, and analyzing; (2) establishing a pore-throat distribution curve, classifying experimental results according to a curve form, and determining porosity and permeability distribution ranges corresponding to different types of reservoirs; and (3) reading the pore-throat size corresponding to the pore-throat distribution peak value, making a cross plot of the pore-throat peak value, the porosity and the permeability, and analyzing the influence of pore-throats of different types and sizes on reservoir conditions. Through the method, the influence of pores-throats of different sizes on rock reservoir conditions can be determined, the method has very sufficient basic data support, has positive significance in accurately and considerably evaluating the compact sandstone reservoir, and provides reference for prediction of high-quality reservoirs.
Owner:PETROCHINA CO LTD

Negative electrode active material and lithium secondary battery comprising same

A negative electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention includes spherical natural graphite, wherein the value of expression 1 below is 0.11 to 0.32. <Expression 1> (A-B2) / A In expression 1, A represents the cumulative volume (ml / g) of mercury permeated into the spherical natural graphite in a mercury intrusion curve when the pressure is raised from 1.4x10-4 MPa to 400 MPa, and B represents the cumulative volume (ml / g) of mercury remaining in the spherical natural graphite in a mercury discharge curve when the pressure is reduced to 0.14 MPa after being raised.
Owner:POSCO FUTURE M CO LTD

Rock duct connectivity evaluation method and device, server and medium

The invention provides a rock duct connectivity evaluation method and device, a server and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring mercury entering a pore channel with a pore structure in a rock to be evaluated, mercury injection pressures at at least two pressure change points and mercury injection volumes corresponding to the mercury injection pressures; and according to the first energy conservation formula, the second energy conservation formula, the mercury injection pressure and the mercury injection volume, determining the connectivity coefficient of the pore channel, the connectivity coefficient being used for evaluating the connectivity degree of the pore channel in the pore structure shape. The mercury injection pressure and the mercury inlet volume are processed by combining two energy conservation formulas, so that the connectivity coefficient obtained according to the processed mercury injection pressure and mercury inlet volume is more accurate, and the evaluation of the connectivity degree of the pore channel of the rock to be evaluated is more accurate.
Owner:CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP +1

Microwave heating element, catalyst, and method for manufacturing a microwave heating element

The goal is to enhance the reactivity of the reaction gas by minimizing pressure loss during the flow of the reaction gas while ensuring the efficiency of the reaction site and heating the reaction site. [Solution] The microwave heating element comprises a porous ceramic body that generates heat upon microwave irradiation. The porous ceramic body has a first peak with the largest peak value and a second peak smaller than the first peak in the differential pore volume distribution when the pore size distribution is measured by the mercury intrusion method. One of the first and second peaks is located in the range of pore diameters between 5 μm and 100 μm, and the other of the first and second peaks is located in the range of pore diameters of 1 μm or less.
Owner:NITERRA CO LTD +1

Process for making cerium and zirconium containing compositions using mesitylene and composition made by same

Disclosed herein are catalyst compositions having improved mercury intrusion volume and surface areas and processes for making these compositions. The enhanced compositions disclosed herein contain zirconium, cerium, optionally yttrium, and optionally one or more rare earths other than cerium and yttrium. Further disclosed are processes of producing these compositions involving supercritical drying after addition of mesitylene. The compositions can be used as a catalyst and / or as part of a catalyst system in an automobile exhaust system.
Owner:NEO PERFORMANCE MATERIALS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD

Plug for flavor inhalation article, and flavor inhalation article

This plug for a flavor inhalation article comprises a filler. The filler is formed of a sheet-shaped material. When pores inside the plug for a flavor inhalation article are measured by applying a mercury intrusion method to the plug for a flavor inhalation article where the contact angle θ of mercury is 140° and the tension σ of mercury is 0.480 dyn / cm, the pore diameter D of pores into which mercury is intruded at a pressure P is expressed by a value obtained by formula (1) (D = -4σ cosθ / P). During the time in which the pressure P is increased from 1.07 Psia to 423.15 Psia, when a first pore diameter corresponding to the pressure P at which mercury is intruded to a volume equal to 10% of the total volume to which mercury is intruded is D10, a second pore diameter corresponding to the pressure P at which mercury is intruded to a volume equal to 50% of the total volume is D50, a third pore diameter corresponding to the pressure P at which mercury is intruded to a volume equal to 90% of the total volume is D90, and an index S is the value obtained by formula (2) (S = (D10 - D90) / D50), the index S is 2.0 or less.
Owner:JAPAN TOBACCO INC