The present application belongs to the technical field of
coal seam CO2 geological storage, and proposes a
coal seam CO2 geological storage
caprock breakthrough pressure prediction method and
system based on mercury injection fractal theory, which comprises obtaining the mercury injection experiment data of the target
caprock of CO2 geological storage; based on the mercury injection experiment data, the fractal dimension is calculated, and the mercury injection process is divided into multiple continuous stages according to the change characteristics of the fractal dimension; the critical stage corresponding to the pore structure being penetrated by the non-
wetting phase fluid is identified, and the mercury
injection pressure corresponding to the end of the critical stage is determined as the breakthrough pressure of the
caprock; based on the breakthrough pressure, the evaluation of the sealing capacity of the
coal seam CO2 geological storage caprock is realized. The method can not only maintain the high efficiency
advantage of the mercury injection method, but also truly reflect the fluid breakthrough process, and realize high-precision breakthrough pressure prediction.