846 results about "Active phase" patented technology

A structural grid is provided with continuous and discontinuous beam members coupled by splices, a front structure coupled to the structural grid, the front structure including a walkway and cables, a radome coupled to the front structure. The structural grid is coupled to a plurality of antenna subassemblies. The antenna subassemblies have a forward housing including an RF manifold coupled to a circulator, an aft housing coupled to the forward housing, containing a line replaceable unit that is serviceable or maintainable through the aft housing.

A power converter employing a tapped inductor and method of operating the same. In one embodiment, the power converter includes first and second tapped inductors including a tapped winding having a first section and a second section with a tap therebetween. The power converter also includes first and second active phase legs including a main switch series-coupled with an input node of the power converter and the first section of the tapped windings of the first and second tapped inductors, respectively. The first and second active phase legs also include an auxiliary switch interposed between the second section of the tapped windings of the first and second tapped inductors, respectively, and an output node of the power converter.

A two-stage power converter that dynamically adjusts to output current requirements includes a first stage regulator that provides power to a second stage regulator. The first stage can be a buck converter, and the second stage can be a multiple-phase buck converter. The output voltage of the first stage (intermediate bus voltage Vbus) is varied according to the load current to optimize conversion efficiency. To provide maximum efficiency, the Vbus voltage is increased as load current increases. The Vbus voltage provided by the first stage can be varied by duty cycle or operating frequency control. In another embodiment, the switching frequency of the second stage is varied as output current changes so that output current ripple is held constant. In an embodiment employing a multiple-phase buck converter in the second stage, the number of operating phases are varied as output current changes.

Disclosed is a power regulator for providing precisely regulated power to a microelectronic device such as a microprocessor. Improved power regulation is accomplished by optimizing the power efficiency of the power regulator. In particular, in a multiphase system, the number of active phases is increased or decreased to achieve optimum power efficiency. The multiphase voltage regulator adapts the operating mode to maximize efficiency as the load current demand of the load device changes by adjusting the number of active phases to maximize efficiency. The total value of current provided by the regulator and the total number of active phases is determined, the total number of active phases is compared with the number of active phases required to provide the total value of current at maximum efficiency; and the number of active phases is adjusted to provide the total value of current at maximum efficiency. A current sense circuit senses the current at each phase, a summing circuit coupled to the output of the current sense circuit provides the total current value of all the measured phases, a circuit coupled to the output of the summing circuit provides the time averaged total current value to a threshold detecting circuit that determines the number of phases at which the voltage regulator should be operating for maximum efficiency, and a circuit for comparing the number of phases that are operating to the number of phases at which the voltage regulator should be operating adjusts the number of active phases to the number of phases at which the voltage regulator should be operating for maximum efficiency.

A method and system of providing therapy to a patient implanted with an array of electrodes is provided. A train of electrical stimulation pulses is conveyed within a stimulation timing channel between a group of the electrodes to stimulate neural tissue, thereby providing continuous therapy to the patient. Electrical parameter is sensed within a sensing timing channel using at least one of the electrodes, wherein the first stimulation timing channel and sensing timing channel are coordinated, such that the electrical parameter is sensed during the conveyance of the pulse train within time slots that do not temporally overlap any active phase of the stimulation pulses.

A power converter having input and output nodes and a method of operating the same. In one embodiment, the power converter includes a switching circuit including first, second and third active phase legs. Each of the first, second and third active legs includes a first switch coupled to one of the input nodes and a second switch coupled to another of the input nodes and has a common switching node therebetween. The power converter further includes a magnetic device including first, second and third primary windings, and first, second and third secondary windings. The first, second and third primary windings are coupled to the common switching node of the first, second and third active phase legs, respectively. The power converter still further includes a rectifier including first, second and third rectifier elements interposed between the first, second and third secondary windings, respectively, and one of the output nodes.

A composite particle for an electrode including an active material particle, carbon nanofibers bonded to the surface of the active material particle, and a catalyst element for promoting the growth of the carbon nanofibers, wherein the active material particle includes an electrochemically active phase. As the catalyst element, for example, Au, Ag, Pt, Ru, Ir, Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Mn and the like are used. The composite particle for an electrode may be produced, for example, by means of a method which includes: a step of preparing an active material particle including a catalyst element for promoting the growth of carbon nanofibers at least in the surface layer of the active material particle; and a step of growing carbon nanofibers on the surface of the active material particle in an atmosphere including a raw material gas.

A power converter employing a tapped inductor and method of operating the same. In one embodiment, the power converter includes first and second tapped inductors including a tapped winding having a first section and a second section with a tap therebetween. The power converter also includes first and second active phase legs including a main switch series-coupled with an input node of the power converter and the first section of the tapped windings of the first and second tapped inductors, respectively. The first and second active phase legs also include an auxiliary switch interposed between the second section of the tapped windings of the first and second tapped inductors, respectively, and an output node of the power converter.

The invention provides a Ka-band tilt-structure active phased array antenna, so as to provide an active phased array antenna which is high in integration density and can improve maintainability and interchangeability. According to the technical scheme, one path of RF signals transmitted by a transmitting signal processing terminal are transmitted to a power distribution / synthesis network (5) via a signal interface and a radio frequency interface to be divided into M paths of signals; according to information of an azimuth angle and a pitch angle of the phased array antenna provided by the transmitting signal processing terminal in real time, a beam controller (4) calculates and obtains beam pointing of the phased array antenna in real time through an FPGA; the beam pointing of the phased array antenna is converted into phase data needed by each array element under control of the beam controller (4); the data are transmitted to tilt-type TR assembly sub array modules in N channels respectively via a high and low-frequency interconnected multi-core high and low-frequency socket, and under control of the beam controller, M*N paths of signals are transmitted to an antenna array, and thus signal transmission is completed, and synchronous electric control scanning of beams transmitted by the phased array antenna is realized.

An article (1) for magnetic heat exchange extends in a first direction (3) and in a second direction (5) generally axially perpendicular to said first direction (3). The article (1) comprises at least one magnetocalorically active phase (2). The average thermal conductivity of the article (1) is anisotropic.

A centralized wireless communication system for a host device having a host processor and one or more host wireless communication modules includes a controller, one or more antenna elements, and an RF multiplexer coupled to the one or more antenna elements. The RF multiplexer includes one or more ports and is configured to establish an RF communication path between one or more ports and one or more antenna elements based on instructions from the controller. The centralized wireless communication system can provide adaptive noise cancellation and / or operate antenna elements as part of an active phased array.

A two-stage power converter that dynamically adjusts to output current requirements includes a first stage regulator that provides power to a second stage regulator. The first stage can be a buck converter, and the second stage can be a multiple-phase buck converter. The output voltage of the first stage (intermediate bus voltage Vbus) is varied according to the load current to optimize conversion efficiency. To provide maximum efficiency, the Vbus voltage is increased as load current increases. The Vbus voltage provided by the first stage can be varied by duty cycle or operating frequency control. In another embodiment, the switching frequency of the second stage is varied as output current changes so that output current ripple is held constant. In an embodiment employing a multiple-phase buck converter in the second stage, the number of operating phases are varied as output current changes.

In an exemplary embodiment, a phased array antenna comprises multiple subcircuits in communication with multiple radiating elements. The radio frequency signals are adjusted for both polarization control and beam steering. In a receive embodiment, multiple RF signals are received and combined into at least one receive beam output. In a transmit embodiment, at least one transmit beam input is divided and transmitted through multiple radiating elements. In an exemplary embodiment, the phased array antenna provides multi-beam formation over multiple operating frequency bands. The wideband nature of the active components allows for operation over multiple frequency bands simultaneously. Furthermore, the antenna polarization may be static or dynamically controlled at the subarray or radiating element level.

The invention provides an integrated millimeter wave active phased-array antenna. The integrated millimeter wave active phased-array antenna is reliable in performance, ensures that the number of chips can be reduced, and reduces cost. According to the technical scheme, an antenna bearing layer is integrally connected to a feed network through an antenna array surface and a TR assembly; micro-strip patches of the antenna array surface are arranged below the antenna bearing layer according to a rectangular grid array and are connected with power amplifier chips of the TR assembly according to a 8*8 array scale, and every four power amplifier chips are connected with a four-channel integrated phase shifter to constitute a 2*2 sub-array circuit to be integrally connected with the feed network downwards; a radio frequency signal is input to a power dividing network through the feed network and is disseminated into four paths of radio frequency signals through a plurality of four-channel integrated phase shifters, and the radio frequency signals are input into corresponding power amplifier chips, are transmitted to the micro-strip patches and are transmitted; sixteen four-channel integrated phase shifters and sixty-four power amplifier chips are controlled by control signals through a low-frequency signal network to finish radio frequency signal space power synthesis and beam scanning.

A Mach-Zehnder type optical modulator having a ridge structure including a multiple quantum well wave guide layer expending both in a passive region and in an active phase modulation region on which an electrical field is applied, wherein the wave guide layer is selectively grown by a metal organic vapor phase epitaxy with use of dielectric stripe mask patterns having a large width in the active phase modulation region and a small width in the passive region so that the wave guide layer has a band gap wavelength equal to or near a wavelength of an incidental light in the active phase modulation region and a smaller band gap wavelength smaller than the wavelength of the incidental light in the passive region.

A phased antenna arrangement and a method for estimating the calibration ratio of an active phased antenna having a plurality of phased array antenna elements are described. The phased antenna arrangement includes a plurality of antenna elements, a plurality of receiving channels, an injection unit for injection of calibrating signals into the receiving channels, a point RF-source, located in a far field zone, a distance measurement unit, an amplitude and phase measurement unit and a data processing unit. The method comprises injecting an internal calibrating signal having a known amplitude and phase to each antenna element. An external calibration signal from a stationary RF-source is sequentially injected to all of the phased array antenna elements so that different phases of the external calibration signal arrive at each of the antenna elements. The differences in phases of the external calibration signal reaching the antenna elements are compensated so as compute an effective signal amplitude that would reach all of the antenna elements at zero phase difference. Calibration ratio is calculated as the ratio between the amplitude of the internal calibrating signal to the effective signal amplitude of the external calibration signal.

Disclosed is a power regulator for providing precisely regulated power to a microelectronic device such as a microprocessor. Improved power regulation is accomplished by optimizing the power efficiency of the power regulator. In particular, in a multiphase system, the number of active phases is increased or decreased to achieve optimum power efficiency. The multiphase voltage regulator adapts the operating mode to maximize efficiency as the load current demand of the load device changes by adjusting the number of active phases to maximize efficiency. The total value of current provided by the regulator and the total number of active phases is determined, the total number of active phases is compared with the number of active phases required to provide the total value of current at maximum efficiency; and the number of active phases is adjusted to provide the total value of current at maximum efficiency.A current sense circuit senses the current at each phase, a summing circuit coupled to the output of the current sense circuit provides the total current value of all the measured phases, a circuit coupled to the output of the summing circuit provides the time averaged total current value to a threshold detecting circuit that determines the number of phases at which the voltage regulator should be operating for maximum efficiency, and a circuit for comparing the number of phases that are operating to the number of phases at which the voltage regulator should be operating adjusts the number of active phases to the number of phases at which the voltage regulator should be operating for maximum efficiency.

The invention discloses an extensible highly-integrated active phased array antenna. The antenna basically comprises an antenna array plane, a thermal control structure, a TR module array, a secondary feeding network, a primary feeding network, a power module, and a wave control module. The antenna is implemented by the following scheme: the TR module array is designed into a brick type linear array, eight-channel TR modules are used as sub arrays of the linear array, and the TR module array is expanded according to the integral multiple of the eight-channel TR modules; the antenna array plane, the thermal control structure, the secondary feeding network, the primary feeding network, the power module and the wave control module are stacked like tiles; a low-frequency flexible connector integrates power supply to the TR modules and feeding of on-off, phase shift, attenuation and other low-frequency control signals, and realizes highly-integrated cable-free vertical interconnection of low-frequency feeding between the TR modules and a power supply and the wave control module. In addition to the advantages of high power and large scanning angle possessed by the traditional brick type architecture, the extensible highly-integrated active phased array antenna has the advantages of low longitudinal profile height, high degree of integration, small insertion loss, and two-dimensional extension possessed by a tile type architecture.

Provided are techniques for generating optical vector beams (e.g., radially and azimuthally polarized light) using passive or active phase stable optical interferometry. Techniques may split an input optical beam into at least two output beams, and then couple those beams simultaneously into a passively phase stable optical interferometer. Beam splitting may be achieved by a diffractive optical element and coupling may be achieved by a single refractive optical device (lenses) or by a single mirror device (e.g., parabolic and spherical). The interferometer may provide the ability to manipulate (or transform) the polarization of part of the wavefront of each beam, as well as the ability to manipulate (or transform) the phase of part of the wavefront of each beam, such that the beams when combined have a vector beam polarization state.

The invention relates to an active phased array antenna adopting the passive loading way to control sidelobe level, which is characterized in that the array surface of the active phased array antenna is jointly constituted by active loading units and passive loading units, and the passive loading units are positioned on the periphery of the active loading units; each active loading unit channel is controlled by an independent vector modulator and a low-noise amplifier, and each vector modulator simultaneously controls the amplitude and the phase of a feed source, thereby further changing the amplitude and the phase of surface current of the antenna units, and finally controlling the scanning angel of a wave beam and inhibiting the sidelobe level of the wave beam, wherein the active phasedarray transmitting antenna comprises 64 radiating units, the excitation way through a coaxial connector is adopted, the scanning of the spatial wave beam is realized by changing the phase distribution of the antenna on the pore diameter, and the required wave beam shape is obtained by changing the amplitude of the surface current on each radiation unit. The mutual coupling among array elements isutilized, thereby reducing the sidelobe level of the antenna in the pitching direction by 5dB in comparison with square fully array caliber feed on the basis of reducing the cost of the feed source.

The invention discloses a high-power seeker tile type active phased array antenna, and aims at providing an active phased array antenna which is small in size and low in weight and can reliably work with no requirement for temperature compensation. The high-power seeker tile type active phased array antenna is realized by the following scheme that E-type patches act as radiation array elements of a microstrip antenna array which can be extended according to integral multiples of 4x4 array scale, rectangular grid arrays are distributed on an antenna dielectric substrate, and a tile type TR component is closely connected with a heat exchanger integrally; and the microstrip antenna array is connected with the high-power transmit-receive chips of the tile type TR component to form transmit-receive channels through integration, every four high-power transmit-receive chips are connected with one TR multifunctional chip simultaneously, four TR multifunctional chips form one 4x4 subarray circuit module together, and then subsequent connection with a power distribution synthesis network is performed. Power supply, high-power pulse power modulation and amplitude-phase code control of a DC power supply and wave beam control signals are realized via a power supply modulation distributor so that directional diagram scanning of the high-power tile type active phased array antenna can be realized.

Arrays of memory cells are described along with devices thereof and method for manufacturing. Memory cells described herein include self-aligned side wall memory members comprising an active programmable resistive material. In preferred embodiments the area of the memory cell is 4F2, F being the feature size for a lithographic process used to manufacture the memory cell, and more preferably F being equal to a minimum feature size. Arrays of memory cells described herein include memory cells arranged in a cross point array, the array having a plurality of word lines and source lines arranged in parallel in a first direction and having a plurality of bit lines arranged in parallel in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Novel differential-phase shift keying optical receivers are taught based on multi-symbol differential phase shift keying detection (DPSK) aided by decision feedback (DF) from the decision bits in earlier symbol intervals. In accordance with the invention, the DF is directed to an optical front-end comprising multiple Delay Interferometers (DIs) with multiple delays T, 2T, . . . , where T is the DPSK symbol duration. In one embodiment, the DF bitstream is applied to electronically switch the polarity of DI outputs prior to additive combination and hard detection. In other embodiments the DF is applied to active phase-shifting electrodes incorporated in the DIs. In additional embodiments the DF is applied to modified DI devices which not of the conventional Mach-Zehnder asymmetric two-arms type, but rather comprise either three or more arms with appropriate couplings, or two arms, one of which comprises a recirculating delay line with delay T. These embodiments comprise pairs of active phase-shifting electrodes to be activated by the DF. In other embodiments the teachings of this invention for DPSK with DF are combined with the amplitude-shift keying (ASK) modulation format, yielding improved Differential Phase Amplitude Shift Keying (DPASK) systems with decision feedback. The resulting receiver structures exhibit improved performance trade-offs between error-rate, transmission distance and bitrate, compared with conventional DPSK systems, yet are simpler to realize than prior art multi-symbol and / or DF-aided optical DPSK systems.

A power converter having input and output nodes and a method of operating the same. In one embodiment, the power converter includes a switching circuit including first, second and third active phase legs. Each of the first, second and third active legs includes a first switch coupled to one of the input nodes and a second switch coupled to another of the input nodes and has a common switching node therebetween. The power converter further includes a magnetic device including first, second and third primary windings, and first, second and third secondary windings. The first, second and third primary windings are coupled to the common switching node of the first, second and third active phase legs, respectively. The power converter still further includes a rectifier including first, second and third rectifier elements interposed between the first, second and third secondary windings, respectively, and one of the output nodes.

A method and apparatus for simultaneously transmitting, at a common frequency, a plurality of signals on a plurality of beams from a phased array antenna involves forming composite signals that contain the plurality of signals. The composite signals correspond to respective antenna elements in the antenna array and include at least a first signal for transmission via a first transmit beam and a second signal for transmission via a second transmit beam. The phases of the composite signals are a function of signal modulations of the first and second signals and phases of the respective antenna elements required to form the first and second transmit beams. By digitally forming the composite signals, taking into account the modulation phase and beam-forming phase of each signal at each antenna element, hardware requirements are reduced and efficient, saturated amplifier can be employed.

This invention relates to a transmit and receive module for active phased array antenna system based upon a combination of hybrid microwave integrated circuit (MIC) as well as monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology. The module comprises a signal transmit chain having switching means (03) for switching the module to transmittance mode. Means are provided for applying pulsed RF signal to the said module from array manifold. A phase shifter (01) is connected to a digital attenuator (02) and the output of the attenuator (02) is connected to a power amplifier (04). The amplified signals from amplifier (04) are conveyed to a duplexer means (05) connected to said power amplifier (04) and for routing back the received signal through a receiver protector (06) and low noise amplifier means (07). Electronic means are connected to a power conditioner for controlling the operation of the device.

The invention relates to a millimeter wave tile-type phased-array antenna TR module, and the invention aims at providing a TR module realization scheme with advantages of high reliability, low cost and high density integration for a millimeter wave frequency range high-power active phased-array antenna (APAA). The millimeter wave tile-type phased-array antenna TR module can be realized by the following scheme: a radio-frequency signal is fed from a radio-frequency vertical interconnection interface of a common port of the lower cavity bottom of the TR module, after the radio-frequency signal is performed the power distribution through a power divider mounting on the surface of a multi-layer circuit board and the like, the radio-frequency signal is fed in a multichannel amplitude-phase control chip connected with every transmit-receive channel, after the radio-frequency signal is performed the second power distribution by the multichannel amplitude-phase control chip, the amplitude-phase information of each channel radio-frequency signal is adjusted according to the state of the external control code and is outputted to a TR multi-function chip, the signal is amplified and outputted to the final power amplifier until saturation, the signal is outputted to a power switch, the emission access is gated, and the signal is transmitted to antenna radio-frequency vertical interconnection interfaces arranged on two ends of the cavity on the TR module; when the TR module receives a work, the radio-frequency signal passes through the TR module in a reverse direction.

A portable, handheld device for measuring lung- and airway-specific respiratory parameters. The device defines a chamber in fluid communication with a mouthpiece. A sensor and / or a flow sensor monitor pressure and / or airflow within the device. A respiratory gas source, e.g., an internal pump, or an external compressor, is also in fluid communication with the chamber and a mouthpiece. The device operates in an active phase and a passive phase. In the active phase, a subject forcibly exhales into the device and the sensors collect spirometric data. In the passive phase, the pump is activated to pump air from the device and inflate the subject's lungs to a specific capacity. The sensors monitor pressure and / or flow as the air is introduced into the subject's respiratory system. The data collected by the sensor is used to determine lung and airway specific parameters, including but not limited to, airway conductance, airway resistance, airway compliance and total lung capacity.