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A method for balancing multiplexed PCR methods is provided. In the method, two or more sequential temporal PCR stages are used to effectively separate two or more PCR reactions in a single tube as an alternative to primer limiting to modulate the relative rate of production of a first amplicon by a first primer set and a second amplicon by a second primer set during the first and second amplification stages. Also provided are rapid RT-PCR methods that find particular use in intraoperative diagnoses and prognoses, for instance in diagnosing malignant esophageal adenocarcenoma by determining expression levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in sentinel lymph nodes.

A device for rotatably driving a cannulated tool along a guide wire. In one aspect, the device includes a coupling assembly for receiving the tool and guide wire as well as a ratchet mechanism permitting selective rotation between the device and the tool. The device further includes an elongate gripping portion extending transversely to the coupling assembly to provide a levered mechanical advantage while positioning the gripping portion out of the path of the guide wire. In another aspect, the device includes a handle having a through bore shorter than a predetermined length of a connection assembly through bore so that only a short portion of the guide wire is covered by the device. A method of driving a cannulated tool along a guide wire is also provided that includes rotating a gripping portion of a handle assembly about the tool in an arcuate path spaced from the tool.

Apparatus and methods are provided for use in filtering emboli from a vessel and / or performing thrombectomy and embolectomy, wherein a vascular device disposed on a guidewire comprises a support hoop disposed from a suspension strut. Alternately, a support hoop having an articulation region may be directly connected to a region proximate the distal end of the guidewire. A blood permeable sac is affixed to the support hoop to form a mouth of the blood permeable sac. The support hoop is disposed obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the guidewire and is capable of being properly used in a wide range of vessel diameters. The vascular device collapses during removal to prevent material from escaping from the sac. A delivery sheath and introducer sheath for use with the vascular device of the present invention are also provided.

A system is disclosed for the automatic detection of fraudulent activity on a transaction network, for which each transaction over the network has an associated identifier. In one embodiment, the system includes voice comparison means for comparing a first sampled voice of a user of a first transaction with a subsequently sampled voice of a user of a subsequent transaction having an identical identifier to that of the first transaction. Control means in the form of a voice-based fraud detection engine is provided for determining, from said comparison, a profile of user usage that is representative of a total number of different users of the associated identifier. In a preferred embodiment, the system also includes voice sampling means for sampling a voice of the user of the first transaction to generate a first voice sample.

The present invention relates to new compositions of matter and articles of manufacture comprising SWNTs as nanometer scale conducting rods dispersed in an electrically-insulating matrix. These compositions of matter have novel and useful electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties including applications in antennas, electromagnetic and electro-optic devices, and high-toughness materials. Other compositions of matter and articles of manufacture are disclosed, including polymer-coated and polymer wrapped single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs), small ropes of polymer-coated and polymer-wrapped SWNTs and materials comprising same. This composition provides one embodiment of the SWNT conducting-rod composite mentioned above, and also enables creation of high-concentration suspensions of SWNTs and compatibilization of SWNTs with polymeric matrices in composite materials. This solubilization and compatibilization, in turn, enables chemical manipulation of SWNT and production of composite fibers, films, and solids comprising SWNTs.

A particulate supported noble metal phase-controlled catalyst material having 5-1000 mum surface area of 50-500 m2 / gm is provided for use in direct catalytic production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) product from hydrogen and oxygen-containing feedstreams. The catalyst is made by depositing phase controlled crystals of a noble metal such as palladium on a suitable particulate support material such as carbon black, by utilizing a precursor solution of the metal and a suitable control ionic polymer having molecular weight of 300-8000 such as sodium polyacrylate in a selected metal to polymer molar ratio of 1:0.1 to 1:10, which procedure provides desired phase control of the noble metal atoms to form widely dispersed minute noble metal crystals on the support material. The invention includes methods for making the catalyst, and also a process for utilizing the catalyst to directly produce high yields of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) product from hydrogen and oxygen-containing gaseous feedstreams.

The present invention relates to systems and devices for delivering energy to tissue for a wide variety of applications, including medical procedures (e.g., tissue ablation, resection, cautery, vascular thrombosis, treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and dysrhythmias, electrosurgery, tissue harvest, etc.). In particular, the present invention relates to systems and devices for the delivery of energy with heat transfer ability. In some embodiments, the systems and devices also have variable characteristic impedance as a result of the use of heat transfer materials. In certain embodiments, methods are provided for treating a tissue region (e.g., a tumor) through application of energy with the systems and devices of the present invention.

A method for constructing a final image using adaptive exposure control in multiple exposure photography, comprising: (a) capturing an exposure; (b) analyzing the exposure at least to determine deficiencies in the exposure; (c) setting exposure parameters for at least one next exposure adapted to construct the final image with ameliorated deficiencies; (d) capturing the at least one next exposure using the set exposure parameters; and, (e) constructing a final image utilizing portions of at least the two exposures.

The invention provides a device for fine adjustment of a prosthetic valve device and a method of adjusting the position of a prosthetic valve after implantation. The adjustment mechanism includes complementary structures on a valve member and device frame that cooperate to provide relative axial and / or angular motion between the valve member and device frame (and thus the native vessel). The adjustment mechanism of the invention may also include a means for selectively maintaining the relative position of the valve member and device frame. The device and method are particularly applicable for use with a modular prosthetic valve device that is assembled in the body lumen.

The invention provides a device for fine adjustment of a prosthetic valve device and a method of adjusting the position of a prosthetic valve after implantation. The adjustment mechanism includes complementary structures on a valve member and device frame that cooperate to provide relative axial and / or angular motion between the valve member and device frame (and thus the native vessel). The adjustment mechanism of the invention may also include a means for selectively maintaining the relative position of the valve member and device frame. The device and method are particularly applicable for use with a modular prosthetic valve device that is assembled in the body lumen.

The invention provides a device for fine adjustment of a prosthetic valve device and a method of adjusting the position of a prosthetic valve after implantation. The adjustment mechanism includes complementary structures on a valve member and device frame that cooperate to provide relative axial and / or angular motion between the valve member and device frame (and thus the native vessel). The adjustment mechanism of the invention may also include a means for selectively maintaining the relative position of the valve member and device frame. The device and method are particularly applicable for use with a modular prosthetic valve device that is assembled in the body lumen.

An instrument for recording and replicating the spatial orientation of a dialable component of an implant relative to a bone engaging component of the implant includes a base assembly for supporting the bone engaging component and a fixture supported on the base assembly for supporting an alignment tool. The alignment tool is configured to engage a portion of the dialable component when the implant is supported by the base assembly. The fixture includes a locking assembly for locking the spatial position of the alignment tool relative to a pre-determined datum on a trial implant. The same instrument can be used to support a final implant and to replicate the spatial position of the alignment tool relative to the same datum on the final implant. The alignment tool can then be used to align the dialable component of the implant. The alignment tool can also constitute an impacting tool so that it can be used to impact the dialable component into locking engagement with the implant using the same instrument.

A signal mirror system for a vehicle includes a reflective mirror element comprising a semitransparent nondichroic mirror reflector coated onto a light-transmitting substrate. The visible light transmission through the reflective mirror element is in the range of from about 1% visible light transmission to about 30% visible light transmission and the visible light reflectance is in the range from 40% visible light reflectance to 80% visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of the reflective mirror element. The reflective mirror element exhibits substantial non-spectral selectivity in its reflectance. The semitransparent nondichroic reflector comprises a metal thin film layer. A turn signal display, preferably having at least one light emitting diode, is disposed to the rear of the reflective mirror element and configured so it emits light emitted that passes through the semitransparent mirror reflector to be viewed by a viewer viewing from the front of said reflective mirror element with a display luminance of at least about 30 foot lamberts.

An electrochromic rearview mirror element for a motor vehicle comprises a first substantially transparent front substrate having a first and a second surface (and with a substantially transparent conductive electrode on its second surface) and a rear substrate having a third and a fourth surface. The rear substrate is positioned in spaced-apart relationship with the front substrate and with its third surface opposing the second surface of the front substrate. A mirror reflector is disposed on the third surface and a seal is positioned toward a peripheral edge of the substrates forming a cavity therebetween. An electrochromic medium is disposed in the cavity. The mirror reflector preferably comprises a metal layer that reflects at least about 70% of visible light. A display device can be disposed behind the rear substrate. The display device preferably exhibits, when electrically powered, a display luminance of at least about 30 foot lamberts as measured with the display device placed behind, and emitting light through, the electrochromic medium and with the electrochromic medium in its bleached state.

The present invention provides methods for determination of parameters in lithographic devices and applications by diffraction signature difference analysis, including determination of center of focus in lithography devices and applications.

An electro-optic display has a plurality of pixels, each of which is capable of displaying two extreme optical states and at least one intermediate gray level. Each pixel is driven from an initial intermediate gray level to one extreme optical state and thence to a first desired intermediate gray level, so producing a first image on the display. The pixel then remains at this first desired intermediate gray level for a finite length of time. The pixel is then driven from this first desired intermediate gray level to the opposed extreme optical state and thence to a second desired intermediate gray level, so producing a second image on the display.

A seating system to be easily attached to an existing dynamic balancing personal vehicle is provided. The seating system allows both seated and standing use of the dynamic balancing personal vehicle, and provides for activation of rider present sensors contained in the foot platform of the dynamic balancing personal vehicle by the weight of the rider on the seating system. The seating system also provides for secure transfer of rider forces into the attached dynamic balancing personal vehicle, as well as shock attenuation, rider height adjustment, and rider center of gravity trimming. Alternatively, a dynamic balancing transportation system incorporating a flexible seating system for a rider is provided.

A modular electricity meter configuration and corresponding methodology permits use of certain common components in combination with either a variety of mechanical displays or electronic displays. In electricity meter arrangements making use of printed circuit board or solid state technology, at least two separate electronics boards may be provided. One may constitute a standard board for basic metrology functions while the other may comprise selected implementation of various higher level functions for creating a custom design electricity meter to meet customer requirements. Different customers may be provided with differently outfitted meters by corresponding customization of the higher level function board. A unitary power supply may be provided for both boards through a fixed connector. A common baseplate includes a circuitry link through a nonremovable plug or clip for alternatively providing a tamper proof embodiment or one with exposed terminals for permitting customer testing. Physical stability and strength is provided by using tapered mounting posts and integrated snap fit arrangements without requiring any screws for assembly. A light pipe provides external output through an innercover to indicate correct meter operation. Meter data and other metered information may be output through different configurations optionally involving hardwired output, RF links, pulse outputs, and telephone connections via modem or wireless.

Spectral information may be employed in process control and / or quality control of goods and articles. Spectral information may be employed in process control and / or quality control of media, for example financial instruments, identity documents, legal documents, medical documents, financial transaction cards, and / or other media, fluids for example lubricants, fuels, coolants, or other materials that flow, and in machinery, for example vehicles, motors, generators, compressors, presses, drills and / or supply systems. Spectral information may be employed in identifying biological tissue and / or facilitating diagnosis based on biological tissue.

The present invention provides porous mineral oxide beads which have large pore volumes and enhanced stability. The beads are based on a tetravalent metal oxide, such as zirconia, titania or hafnia. These highly porous beads are produced from a mixture of tetravalent mineral oxides, mineral pore inducing agents which are oxides or salts of trivalent metals, and optional binders. The porous mineral beads can be filled with a polymer gel and used for adsorption and chromatography applications.

Illumination devices utilized within detachable illumination systems include a light source including a substantially planar light-emitting surface and an optical rod or optical taper disposed proximate to the substantially planar light-emitting surface to optically couple the optical rod and the substantially planar light-emitting surface.

A battery authentication system according to the present invention includes a battery and an electronic device. The battery includes a battery authentication portion that includes battery identification information and performs authentication between the battery and the electronic device. The electronic device includes: a power source that supplies electric power from the battery to respective portions in the electronic device; a storage portion that stores the battery identification information of usable batteries; a device authentication portion that performs authentication of the battery; and a control portion that compares the battery identification information of the battery with the battery identification information stored in the storage portion. The control portion compares the battery identification information of the battery authenticated successfully in the device authentication portion with the battery identification information stored in the storage portion, and controls the power source based on a result of the comparison. According to the battery authentication system of the present invention, it is possible to recognize whether a battery mounted is authenticated or not, and accordingly to determine whether the battery can be used or not. Therefore, it is possible to permit the use of a genuine battery and a non-genuine battery and to eliminate a counterfeit battery.

An aerostat assembly, specifically an aerostat assembly including one or more cameras for aerial photography and surveillance. The aerostat assembly includes a frame assembly having a pivot assembly joined to a balloon tether line. Thrusters on the frame allow an operator to maneuver the assembly to desired positions as well as rotate the frame assembly about the pivot assembly.

The present invention provides porous mineral oxide beads which have large pore volumes and enhanced stability. The beads are based on a tetravalent metal oxide, such as zirconia, titania or hafnia. These highly porous beads are produced from a mixture of tetravalent mineral oxides, mineral pore inducing agents which are oxides or salts of trivalent metals, and optional binders. The porous mineral beads can be filled with a polymer gel and used for adsorption and chromatography applications.

A system and method for enabling multiple transmitters (400) to share a single code division multiplexed (CDM) or code division multiple access (CDMA) channel using orthogonal waveforms. A set of orthogonal channelizing codes Wi(t) is generated, and each transmitter (400) is allocated orthogonal channelizing codes and pseudonoise polynomials in a predetermined manner. The transmitters channelize each user signal using an orthogonal channelizing code Wi(t), and spread each user signal using a pseudonoise (PN) spreading code. Each transmitter employs the same PN spreading codes and time offsets. Additionally, no one orthogonal channelizing code is assigned to more than one transmitter during the time period they are sharing a CDM channel. The spread signals are summed at each transmitter (404) prior to transmission as a composite signal. The offsets are time-precorrected (406, 510) to ensure time alignment at the receivers. The frequencies of the signals are precorrected (408, 512) to ensure frequency alignment at the receivers.

A first waveguide has a top face positioned in an oil well borehole for wetting by returning drilling mud from a drill bit as drilling progresses. A second waveguide is positioned in the borehole for wetting by new drilling mud being pumped to the drill bit. MIR light rays are fed from an MIR light source into the first and second waveguides for causing evanescent waves to be generated by each waveguide for reacting with the molecules of the associated drilling mud, respectfully, whereby a modulated optical signal representative of spectra of components and particles in the associated drilling mud, respectively, are emitted from each waveguide. The modulated optical signals are converted to electrical signals, subtracted from one another to remove common mode signals, and passed into a processor programmed for extracting the spectra hydrocarbon components contained in the returning drilling mud as the result of the drilling activity.

An electroluminescent display includes a display substrate, a plurality of patterned first electrodes formed over the display substrate, one or more layers of light-emitting material formed over the plurality of first electrodes, at least one second electrode formed over the one or more layers of light-emitting material, and a plurality of chiplets. Each chiplet is electrically connected to a first electrode. Each chiplet further includes a light detector and a light emitter separate from the one-or-more layers of light-emitting material connected to the chiplet circuitry. The chiplet circuitry includes a modulating circuit for modulating light emitted by the light emitter and a demodulating circuit for demodulating light detected by the light detector so that light emitted by the light emitter of a first chiplet is received by the light detector of a second chiplet.