50 results about "Keying" patented technology

The invention provides an M-system chaos shift keying communication method, device, equipment and medium, and the method comprises the steps: generating a long chaos sequence and a short chaos sequence through employing two chaos generators with different chaos mapping, mapping an M-system symbol into an embedded position through employing a symbol-to-position mapping table, and carrying out the mapping of the M-system symbol into the embedded position; a short chaotic sequence is embedded into a corresponding position of a long chaotic sequence to generate a combined chaotic transmitting signal, so that M-system transmission can be realized only through two chaotic generators, and M chaotic mapping is not needed to construct a signal space; and a receiving end adopts a deep neural network demodulation model to carry out probability judgment on the segmented subsequences, so that incoherent demodulation is realized, the traditional chaotic synchronization technology and orthogonalization technology are not needed, the system structure is effectively simplified, and the realization difficulty is reduced.

System and method for an over-the-air computation (AirComp) scheme for federated edge learning (FEEL) doesn't require channel state information (CSI) at the edge devices (EDs) or edge server(ES). The disclosure adopts the majority vote (MV) principle and defines multiple subcarriers and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols for voting options, which reduces to frequency-shift keying (FSK) over OFDM subcarriers as a special case. Thus, FSK-based over-the-air computation is provided for federated edge learning without channel state information. Since the votes from EDs are separated on orthogonal resources, the scheme eliminates the need for truncated-channel inversion (TCI) at the EDs and allows the ES to detect MV with a non-coherent detector.

This invention discloses a simple, multifunctional, integrated 5G analog fronthaul in-band full-duplex communication method for remote units (RUs). This method primarily relates to the fields of optical communication technology and microwave technology. The system structure of the method, as shown in Figure 1 of the specification, includes a laser, downlink vector signal, electrical local oscillator signal, downlink interference signal, target signal, reference signal, 90° electrical coupler, dual-polarization quadrature phase-shift keying modulator, phase modulator, single-mode fiber, optical coupler, polarization beamsplitter, polarization beam combiner, polarization controller, polarizer, and photodetector. The remote unit (RU) uses a single phase (PM) modulator to achieve self-interference cancellation (SIC) combined with anti-fiber dispersion transmission and down-conversion, eliminating the need for bias control and additional local oscillator (LO) branches, resulting in a simple structure. At the central office (CO), the carried downlink signal and local oscillator signal are single-sideband modulated to achieve anti-fiber dispersion transmission. The RU uses wavelength reuse technology to perform PM cascaded down-conversion on the signal received from the uplink, and the SIC is moved from the RU to the CO to simplify the RU. The entire link has no optical filter and is reconfigurable.

The application discloses a kind of conversion method and system of timing sampling data to whole cycle sampling data, and the present application obtains the timing sampling time based on the keying position moment when obtaining keying position moment by timing sampling, according to the timing sampling time and the vibration signal of timing sampling, obtains the vibration signal of whole cycle sampling, effectively realizes the conversion of timing sampling data to whole cycle sampling data, can make timing sampling acquisition system realize whole cycle sampling function, and the present application can be realized by software, without changing the hardware structure of timing sampling acquisition system, without increasing hardware investment.

Fiber optic connectors, cable assemblies, and methods of making the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the optical connector includes a housing and a multi-fiber ferrule. The housing includes a longitudinal passage between a front portion and a rear portion, and the rear portion of the housing includes a keyed portion and at least one locking feature integrally formed in the rear portion of the housing.

A packaging apparatus (200) for packaging a radio device (202) is disclosed that prevents erroneous assembly component attachment. The packaging apparatus includes a pentahedral bin (204) configured to store the radio device for transportation. A side plate (210) of the five-sided box includes a male head portion (212) of the bonding component. The packaging device also includes a top protection element (214) configured to be placed on a portion of the radio device exposed by the open side of the pentahedral box. The top protection element comprises a female portion (216) of the bonded component and at least one template (218) for attaching at least one assembly component (220) to the radio device. The male and female portions of the bonding component are such that the at least one template is in a desired position for attaching the at least one assembly component when the male portion is inserted into the female portion.

This invention discloses a DPSK receiver for adapting to the defect of undesirable carrier frequency variation over time in the presence of a transmitter. The aim of providing an apparatus and method for adapting the receiver to transmitter defects is thus achieved. The frequency offset estimation unit includes a first phase estimation unit, a second phase estimation unit, and a clean / dirty selector, wherein a first phase error estimate e is output. dirty (k) The first phase estimation unit includes a first frequency offset estimation low-pass filter, the bandwidth of which is wider than the bandwidth of the second frequency offset estimation low-pass filter in the second phase estimation unit. The second phase estimation unit outputs a second phase error estimate e. clean (k), the dirty / clean selector is configured to compare the ratio of the second phase error estimate to the first phase error estimate with a threshold T and output a binary comparison result c(k). The demodulation reference estimation unit includes a first filter and a second filter, wherein the filter bandwidth of the first filter, which is part of the “dirty” reception path of the receiver, is wider than the filter bandwidth of the second filter, which is part of the “clean” reception path of the receiver. If the ratio of the second phase error estimate to the first phase error estimate is lower than the threshold T, the “clean” reception path is used to output the received information bits; otherwise, the “dirty” reception path is used.

An efficient structure and methodology are provided for coherent signal processing in optical access networks. Differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) modulation is used for coherent passive optical networks. The use of DPSK modulation can reduce the complexity of a receiver of an optical network unit by improving the receiver tolerance to frequency offsets. A system can comprise an optical line terminal having a coherent transmitter configured to transmit an optical signal over an optical fiber channel to a coherent receiver in an optical network unit of a passive optical network, and a DPSK modulator coupled to the coherent transmitter to code the optical signal transmitted. The coherent receiver of the optical network unit of the passive optical network can be coupled to a DPSK demodulator.

Provided are a method for waking up a device and a communication apparatus, the method comprising: determining, by a first device, wake-up information, the wake-up information being used to wake up a second device or not to wake up the second device; determining a wake-up sequence based on the wake-up information; and transmitting the wake-up sequence to the second device at a wake-up signal receiving opportunity of the second device, each bit of the wake-up sequence being modulated into one or more low-power wake-up symbols by on-off keying, the wake-up signal receiving opportunity comprising a wake-up signal receiving opportunity frequency domain resource, the wake-up signal receiving opportunity frequency domain resource being adjacent to an edge of a transmission bandwidth of the first device in a frequency domain. The frequency domain resource occupied by the transmission of the low-power wake-up symbol is adjacent to the edge of the transmission bandwidth of the first device in the frequency domain, which can reduce the influence of the transmission of the low-power wake-up symbol on the spectral efficiency of a main communication link, and is conducive to ensuring the compatibility of the link for transmitting the low-power wake-up symbol with the main communication link.

This invention discloses a differential chaotic phase-shift keying waveform design method and modulation / demodulation method suitable for integrated communication and sensing. In this invention, the reference subcarrier and data subcarrier within the same subcarrier group share the same chaotic reference sequence, allowing the receiver to recover the original data using the existing OFDM-DCSK incoherent detection structure. Simultaneously, based on the Riemann matrix-based group selection mapping method, by constructing a constant complex weight vector within the group, multiple OFDM-DCSK time-domain candidate waveforms are generated and selectively transmitted without changing the OFDM-DCSK system's "reference-data equal-weight spread spectrum" structure and the receiver's incoherent demodulation method, thus achieving effective suppression of PAPR in the transmitted waveform. Using the OFDM-DCSK time-domain candidate waveforms as a unified baseband signal, incoherent communication and radar sensing functions are simultaneously realized with a single hardware and spectrum resource.

The invention provides a variable-length keying hashing method for an automobile embedded system, which belongs to the technical field of information security and comprises the following steps of: filling and blocking an input plaintext message to form T message groups processed in parallel; generating a corresponding scrambling sequence and a disturbance sequence for each message group based on an input external key; for each message group, compression function iteration is executed on a two-dimensional nonlinear system based on an initial chain value derived by a secret key, the input sequence of plaintext message blocks in the iteration process is dynamically adjusted according to the scrambling sequence, and the number of times of each iteration is jointly and dynamically determined by the output of the previous iteration and the disturbance sequence; and synthesizing the intermediate Hash values obtained by iterative calculation of the message groups, and outputting a final Hash value with a target length. According to the method, calculation tasks are decomposed and parallelized, and compared with a traditional mode of serial processing of a large amount of data through a hash function, the instantaneous load of a single calculation core can be remarkably reduced.

The invention provides a communication method and a communication device. The method comprises the following steps: performing uplink transmission / downlink transmission with access network equipment; wherein whether the uplink transmission / downlink transmission between the access network equipment and the terminal uses the differential amplitude phase shift keying (DAPSK) or a related modulation mode of the differential phase shift keying (DPSK) is related to a first parameter of the uplink transmission / downlink transmission, and the first parameter comprises one or more of the following items: bandwidth, subcarrier spacing and modulation and coding scheme (MCS). Therefore, on the basis of the method, whether the uplink transmission / downlink transmission uses the related modulation mode of the DAPSK or the DPSK can be determined on the basis of the actual communication condition. The related modulation mode of DAPSK or DPSK can be used more flexibly, and the transmission performance of a communication system can be improved.

This application discloses a matrix keypad circuit and a meter, relating to the field of keypad circuit technology. It includes a grounding keypad unit comprising N grounding keys, each grounding key's first end connected to an input / output port, and the second end of each grounding key being connected to a common ground. It also includes N scanning keypad units, each comprising N-1 scanning keys and a first diode. The scanning keys and the first diode within the same scanning keypad unit are connected to different input / output ports, and are shared. The first diodes in the N scanning keypad units are connected to different input / output ports. A controller, connected to the input / output ports, is used to sequentially select one input / output port as a level input port and identify the level of the level output port and the level of the level input port to determine the matrix keypad state. The level output port is one of the N-1 non-level input ports among the input / output ports. This application improves the utilization rate of the I / O ports on the matrix keypad circuit.

A radar device includes a transmitting antenna unit, a modulator, a receiving antenna unit, a receiver, and a processor. The transmitting antenna unit includes transmitting antennas. The modulator generates transmission signals respectively provided to the transmitting antennas by executing phase-shift keying through diverging the common signal into diverged signals having the number being equal to the number of the transmitting antennas and rotating respective phases of the diverged signals. The receiving antenna unit includes at least one receiving antenna. The receiver generates a received code of at least one received signal. The received code is acquired by encoding an appearance pattern of a peak of at least one received signal on a Doppler frequency axis. The processor generates information related to an object, according to the received code generated by the receiver. The modulator executes the phase-shift keying by using a linear block code as an assigned code.

A fluid filter system comprising a universal keying element has been disclosed. A filter subassembly component usable in the fluid filter system, such that the filter subassembly component is to at least one of filter a fluid entering the fluid filter system and regulate a flow in the fluid filter system, the filter subassembly component comprising a universal keying element. The universal keying element including a first configuration of engaging surfaces cooperable with a matching configuration of a complementary keying element of a first compatible filter subassembly component, and a second configuration of engaging surfaces cooperable with a matching configuration of a complementary keying feature of a second compatible filter subassembly component, in which the filter subassembly component is severally couplable to the first compatible filter subassembly component and the second compatible filter subassembly component.

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to techniques for rate matching adaptation for polar-coded physical broadcast channel (PBCH). A network equipment is configured to encode a PBCH payload to generate a polar codeword according to a polar reliability sequence, select, based on a synchronization signal block (SSB) bandwidth, a rate matching pattern from a plurality of predefined rate matching patterns, perform bit-level rate matching on the polar codeword in accordance with the selected rate matching pattern, and map quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) symbols corresponding to the rate-matched polar codeword to resource elements of an SSB resource grid for transmission.

The invention provides a multifunctional signal modeling method, system and device and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: generating binary keying information according to the function type of input data, and configuring a weighted score Fourier transform parameter for the function type according to the binary keying information; performing weighted fractional Fourier transform on the function type to obtain a frequency domain signal parameter; constructing a weighted information cross entropy objective function, performing global optimization on the frequency domain signal parameter according to the weighted information cross entropy objective function, and generating and transmitting a mixed carrier signal; and performing inverse weighted fractional Fourier transform on the mixed carrier signal according to the frame type of the mixed carrier signal to obtain a multifunctional signal. According to the method, a flexible hybrid carrier modulation framework, namely weighted fractional Fourier transform, and weighted information cross entropy are adopted, and weighted fractional Fourier transform parameters are properly adjusted through global optimization, so that deep collaboration and performance compromise of communication, sensing and interference performance are realized.

A 4 frequency-shift keying (4FSK) transceiver is provided. The 4FSK transceiver includes both a 4FSK transmitter and a 4FSK receiver. The 4FSK transmitter includes a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and two data links coupled to the VCO for delivering two parallel streams of input data bits to the VCO. For each pair of parallel input data bits received from the two data links, the VCO outputs a modulated signal having one of four operating frequencies via 4FSK modulation. Separately, the 4FSK receiver includes a power divider, for dividing the multi-frequency modulated signal into two paths of two binary bit streams, and a pair of low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) separately coupled to the two paths and configured as a pair of band-pass filters for filtering two different subsets of the four operating frequencies from the two binary bit streams into two filtered binary bit streams.

The invention discloses a correlation type optical time domain reflection signal processing method and system, and relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and the method comprises the following steps: a transmitting end transmits a dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying optical signal to an optical fiber; a receiving end obtains a coherent superposition signal of the dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying optical signal reflected by each scattering point of the optical fiber through coherent detection; respectively calculating respective Jones vector inner products according to the dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying optical signal and the coherent superposition signal, and performing preset correlation operation according to the Jones vector inner products of the dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying optical signal and the coherent superposition signal to obtain a composite signal. Natural suppression of laser phase noise, obvious weakening of optical fiber front section common optical path disturbance and stable measurement insensitive to polarization state rotation can be realized.

Systems and methods are disclosed for orchestrating sensitive identity actions, including recovery, re-keying, and credential rotation, using risk-conditioned control selection and enforceable authorization gates. A gateway obtains contextual signals, computes a risk output, and selects a discrete policy band specifying required step-up verifications, a quorum threshold t, and a cryptographic profile. When quorum authorization is required, an escrow instance is initiated that stores required step-ups and threshold t, custodians are assigned, and approvals are accepted only from assigned custodians and only upon verifiable step-up satisfaction. Upon quorum satisfaction, the system releases a release value, performs crypto-agile re-keying under classical, hybrid, or post-quantum profiles, and optionally executes a dependency-aware rotation plan with validation and rollback. The system generates decision receipts and audit events binding inputs, policy outputs, approvals, escrow transitions, and resulting actions, with optional integrity protections enabling independent verification and tamper detection.

Provided are a tag, interrogator, and system for performing position measurement based on backscatter in a millimeter-wave band. In detail, provided is a tag including a planar Van Atta array antenna, a frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulator connected to the planar Van Atta array antenna, and at least one bias circuit connected to the FSK modulator, wherein the FSK modulator is configured to, based on an interrogation signal being received by the planar Van Atta array antenna, modulate the interrogation signal based on a control signal supplied through the at least one bias circuit, and output the modulated interrogation signal in a direction from which the interrogation signal is received, through the planar Van Atta array antenna.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In some cases, a wireless device may communicate an indication that probabilistic shaping is to be applied to each ring of a set of rings of a geometric modulation scheme and an indication of a non-uniform distribution associated with the probabilistic shaping. Additionally, the wireless device may perform probabilistic shaping to map a set of information bits to a set of constellation points associated with the set of rings in accordance with the non-uniform distribution, where the non-uniform distribution indicates an unequal probability of the set of information bits being mapped to each ring of the set of rings. Thus, the wireless device may transmit a message based on a modulation symbol sequence that is generated based on the set of information bits mapped to the set of constellation points.

Magnetic actuation involving key structure for percussive feedback effect. A key switch for a keying device, comprising: a housing having an internal structure, wherein a cavity is defined within the internal structure; a plunger protruding from a top side of the housing and extending into the cavity, the plunger operable to be pressed and travel along a linear range of motion within the cavity of the housing; a plug composed of a magnetic material and configured at a bottom section of the cavity; and a conductive coil, wherein the conductive coil is operable to generate a magnetic field in response to receiving an electric current, the magnetic field operable to magnetically move the plug within the cavity such that the plug impacts a portion of the housing or the plunger, wherein the impact produces a feedback effect that is mechanically transferred through the key switch.

The utility model discloses an encryption key circuit, which belongs to the technical field of electronics and comprises a power supply module and a remote control module. An encryption module is arranged between the power supply module and the remote control module, the encryption module comprises a plurality of manual key units which are arranged in parallel, each manual key unit comprises a conduction thyristor, a manual key and a photoelectric coupling protection piece, the manual key and the photoelectric coupling protection piece are connected with the conduction thyristor, and the manual key and the photoelectric coupling protection piece are connected with the conduction thyristor. The conduction thyristor is connected with the power supply module, and the remote control module is connected with the relay unit through the photoelectric coupling protection device. By adopting the encryption key circuit, the arranged encryption module can prevent mistaken touch and misoperation, prevent other people from randomly distributing a network, and maintain family safety. A power supply module is arranged, the power supply module is provided with a power supply socket and a voltage stabilization chip, a power supply battery can provide 7V voltage, the voltage stabilization chip provides stable 5V voltage, a remote control module provides 3.3 V voltage, and a relay unit is connected with 220V commercial power to provide 220V voltage for a circuit.

A method and apparatus for generating an On-Off Keying, OOK, signal by a multiple carrier generator is disclosed. The carriers among the multiple carriers are orthogonal. For a first OOK symbol, a power level for active carriers is assigned and the first OOK symbol is formed from the assigned power level and a first frequency offset from frequencies of the active carriers. For a second OOK symbol, the power level for active carriers is assigned and the second OOK symbol is formed from the assigned power level and a second frequency offset from the frequencies of the active carriers.

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless energy and data synchronous transmission, particularly discloses a rotary structure wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system based on harmonic modulation, and aims to solve the problems of high cost and complex structure caused by the fact that a high-frequency data carrier generator needs to be additionally arranged in a traditional synchronous transmission scheme. Higher harmonics in a multiplexing energy transmission channel are used as data carriers. LC series networks tuned at an energy carrier frequency are respectively arranged on a primary side and a secondary side of the system, and amplitude keying modulation is performed on higher harmonics generated by an inverter by controlling connection and disconnection of a data capacitor connected with the LC series networks in parallel, so that data loading is realized; and the receiving end demodulates the data by detecting the voltage change of the inductor, filtering, detecting and shaping. The system does not need an independent data carrier generator, reduces the cost and complexity, simplifies the filter design because the data carrier frequency is much higher than the energy carrier frequency, and is especially suitable for space limited scenes such as a rotation structure.

Methods and systems for validating key rotation requests for endpoint devices are disclosed. The key rotation requests may be signed by one or more signing systems according to a set of re-keying rules for the endpoint device. The set of the re-keying rules may indicate that key rotation requests may be valid if signed using at least two different keys. The set of the re-keying rules may also indicate that each of the at least the two different keys be from a different grouping of keys of multiple groupings of keys included in a secure key repository. Each grouping of keys may be associated with a different organization. Therefore, key rotation requests may be serviced if signatures associated with the key rotation requests meet the re-keying rules thereby decreasing a likelihood of compromise of the endpoint devices via compromise of a key.

This invention provides a novel space optical communication pulse-modulated optical signal transmitting device and modulation method, which combines the characteristics of PAM modulation and pulse modulation. It maintains the timing accuracy of pulse communication systems while enabling each pulse to carry more bits of information. Compared with traditional OOK or PPM systems, it can significantly improve the information transmission capacity per unit bandwidth and the optical link spectrum utilization efficiency. Through the multi-level mechanism of PAM modulation and the cooperation of a high sampling rate photodetector, the system has stronger fault tolerance to non-ideal channel conditions such as jitter and path disturbance, making it suitable for communication scenarios with frequent dynamic changes, such as inter-satellite communication and UAV networking. At the same time, the signal control board has a multi-level adjustable mechanism of 16, 32, and 128 levels, allowing users to flexibly configure the system transmission rate and error resistance according to actual needs such as communication distance, link quality, and power budget, thereby improving the system's adaptability and overall performance.

The invention provides a channel state information (CSI) transmission method and device, a terminal and network equipment, and the method comprises the steps that the terminal determines whether to send the CSI according to first indication information carried by a first signal and / or the configuration condition of a first high-level parameter used for indicating the sending of the CSI; wherein the first signal is generated based on an on-off keying (OOK) waveform, and the first indication information is used for indicating whether to start a first timer for monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH); under the condition that the CSI is determined to be sent, the terminal sends the CSI in a first time window; wherein the first time window is determined according to the condition whether the first timer is started or not and / or the configuration condition of the first high-level parameter. According to the method and the device, the problem that how to realize CSI transmission between the terminal and the network equipment does not have a solution when the terminal monitors the wake-up signal at present can be solved.

The invention relates to a multi-channel analog signal output module. The multi-channel analog signal output module comprises a main control module, a current output module and a communication multiplexing module, the communication multiplexing module comprises an isolation transmission unit, a modulation-demodulation circuit and a multiplexing switch unit. The multiplexing switch unit is connected with the modulation-demodulation circuit and an output loop of the current output module through a common bus and a plurality of coupling branches; each coupling branch comprises a gating switch assembly and a passive filtering assembly which are connected in series. The gating switch assembly is controlled to be switched on, and the passive filtering assembly is configured to block the analog current signal and allow the frequency shift keying analog signal to pass through. Through a serial connection structure of the gating switch and the filtering assembly, multiplexing of a single modulation-demodulation circuit on multi-path output is realized, hardware cost is reduced, meanwhile, direct-current high voltage is effectively blocked, switching interference is inhibited, and communication stability and module reliability are improved.