The invention discloses a low-
crosstalk long-distance sensing integrated device and a very-low-frequency sensing method, and relates to the technical field of fusion of
optical fiber sensing and
optical fiber communication. The device comprises a
laser, a coupler, a communication modulation device, a sensing modulation device, an
optical fiber transmission and
relay link, a communication receiving device, a sensing receiving device and a
signal processing device. The communication modulation device adopts digital
subcarrier multiplexing and reserves a
guard interval in a
frequency spectrum center, and
residual carrier filtering is combined to reduce the
inductance crosstalk; the sensing modulation device realizes high-
extinction-ratio pulses through a
cascade light modulator, and the
signal-to-
noise ratio is improved. The optical
fiber link adopts a bidirectional amplification
relay module to synchronously amplify forward and backward signals so as to realize ultra-long distance transmission. The
signal processing device carries out high-density sampling and space-time dimension fusion on the sensing beat frequency signals, and
very low frequency vibration information is effectively extracted. According to the invention, common-light-source, low-
crosstalk, long-distance, very-low-frequency and high-sensitivity integrated transmission and detection of communication and sensing signals are realized.