The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric science detection, in particular to a
lightning radiation source positioning method based on multi-
station synchronous observation. Comprising the following steps: synchronously acquiring
lightning broadband electromagnetic signals by multiple stations and performing time-
frequency analysis; by calculating indexes such as cross-
station coherence and interference level, high-quality frequency points are intelligently screened out to suppress
noise and interference; reconstructing a narrow-band
signal for each high-quality frequency point and performing high-precision
time difference (TDOA)
estimation by adopting an improved generalized cross-
correlation method; and carrying out weighted fusion on TDOA measurement values of a plurality of high-quality frequency points, carrying out optimization solution by adopting a Grid
Search algorithm, and finally obtaining a three-dimensional coordinate of
lightning. Through intelligent screening of high-quality frequency points, accurate
time difference estimation, optimization of a positioning
algorithm, multi-band
information fusion and intelligent
processing, the defects that a traditional single-band positioning method is prone to interference and limited in precision are effectively overcome, the lightning positioning precision, the anti-interference capability and the reliability are remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for popularization and application. And the lightning positioning requirements in various environments are met.