233 results about "Maximum efficiency" patented technology

The invention discloses a movable wall reinforcing device, and relates to the technical field of constructional engineering wall reinforcing equipment.The technical scheme is that the movable wall reinforcing device comprises reinforcing equipment, the reinforcing equipment comprises a supporting folding device, a reinforcing assembly and a bottom plate assembly, and the top face of the bottom plate assembly is connected with the bottom face of the supporting folding device; the bottom of the reinforcing assembly is located above one side of the top face of the bottom plate assembly, and the supporting and folding device comprises a sliding groove base, a hydraulic rod, a connecting block, a lifting assembly, a guide connecting frame, a threaded rod and a limiting ring. The wall reinforcing device has the beneficial effects that the connecting block at the top of the sliding groove base is connected with the bottom end of the hydraulic rod, so that the angle of the hydraulic rod can be adjusted to meet different wall reinforcing requirements; a worker can adjust the number of the supporting folding devices installed on the sliding strip columns according to the pressure bearing capacity of the wall, and maximum efficiency adaptation of supporting force is achieved. The labor cost and the material cost can be reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of power system operation or management, in particular to a partial discharge monitoring strategy optimization method and system based on dynamic resource allocation, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a three-stage monitoring system comprising a sensor node, a sink node and a cloud processing center, firstly initializing monitoring parameters, and then obtaining system state information periodically or in a triggering manner, calculating the risk level of each monitoring point in combination with a dynamic risk evaluation model; constructing an efficiency-maximized resource allocation optimization model based on risk levels and resource constraints, solving an optimal scheme by adopting an improved multi-target particle swarm algorithm, and issuing the optimal scheme to each node to adjust monitoring behaviors to form closed-loop optimization; and meanwhile, model parameters are dynamically updated through an online learning mechanism. According to the method, dynamic matching of risks and resources is realized, the monitoring accuracy and the resource utilization rate are improved, the adaptability of the system to the equipment state and the environment change is enhanced, and the method is suitable for partial discharge monitoring scenes of various power equipment.

The invention relates to the technical field of torque converters, in particular to a hydrodynamic transmission power chain optimization method and system.The method comprises the steps that a hydrodynamic torque converter parameterized geometric model is built, and a pump impeller blade outflow angle, a guide wheel runner input / output angle, turbine blade geometric parameters and the relative position of a pump impeller and a turbine are set as design variables; based on CFD three-dimensional flow field simulation, a k-epsilon model is adopted for rapid analysis, an SST model is adopted for transient simulation, and simulation data under different variable combinations are obtained; training a BP neural network by using the simulation data, inputting each design variable, and constructing a multi-target optimization model with maximization of efficiency and minimization of noise as targets; a design variable combination is selected in the Pareto optimal solution set, a model is reconstructed, and an optimized hydraulic torque converter is obtained; according to the method, the problems that the design optimization efficiency of the hydraulic torque converter is low, the parameter adjusting period is long, and good compromise between the transmission efficiency and noise suppression is difficult to obtain can be solved.

The invention discloses a resource pool scheduling strategy optimization method based on an improved block chain, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining newly-added state information of all units forming a resource pool, and issuing the newly-added state information to a block chain network; according to the resource scheduling request, the block chain network calls a smart contract, and the smart contract updates an optimal resource scheduling scheme according to the newly added state information; the resource pool obtains the optimal resource scheduling scheme from the block chain network for resource scheduling; and the intelligent contract outputs an optimal resource scheduling scheme through a resource scheduling model optimized based on an improved ant colony algorithm, and the resource scheduling model establishes a resource scheduling objective function based on the capability and cost of each unit by taking obtaining of the maximum efficiency as a target. Through a completely credible information interaction environment based on a block chain, the overall efficiency of each resource expression is improved, and meanwhile, a resource scheduling mathematical model of an improved ant colony algorithm introducing environmental factors is written into an intelligent contract, so that the improved ant colony algorithm can better fit an actual environment, and an optimal resource scheduling scheme is obtained.

The invention discloses a composite control method of a wireless power transmission system, the system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the transmitting end comprises a voltage source, a full-bridge inverter circuit, a transmitting end S network and a transmitting coil; and the receiving end comprises a receiving end S network, a high-frequency rectification filter circuit, a double-tube Buck-Boost circuit and a load RL. The control method can realize compound control of coupling coefficient identification, maximum efficiency tracking and constant voltage output. The problem that in the prior art, when a coupling coil shifts and loads suddenly change, a system cannot carry out efficient and stable output is solved, and compared with existing common PI control, the linear active-disturbance-rejection technology used in the invention is better in control effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic arrays, and provides a light following and protection type BIPV photovoltaic support system, which can adjust the inclination angle of a photovoltaic panel assembly according to setting so as to improve the maximum efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, and adopts the technical scheme that the light following and protection type BIPV photovoltaic support system comprises a support column, the photovoltaic panel assembly and an inclination angle adjusting mechanism, the photovoltaic panel assembly is installed on a roof surface through a plurality of supporting columns, the bottom ends of the supporting columns are fixedly installed on the roof surface, the top ends of the supporting columns are hinged to the top of the back face of the photovoltaic panel assembly, all the supporting columns comprise at least one main supporting column and a plurality of branch supporting columns, the main supporting column is a cylindrical hollow barrel, and an inclination angle adjusting mechanism is fixedly installed on the main supporting column. The inclination angle adjusting mechanism comprises a lifting device, a first ferrule and a first supporting rod, the first supporting rod, the stand column and the photovoltaic panel assembly form a triangle, the lifting height of the lifting device is controlled to drive the first ferrule to slide up and down along the stand column, and therefore inclination angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel assembly is achieved.

Provided is a heat gun formed by wave-type heating bodies. The heat gun includes a housing assembly and a heating assembly mounted in the housing assembly, where an air supply assembly is fixedly mounted in the housing assembly. The heating wire is wound into a wave-type structure by dedicated equipment. Compared with a traditional slingshot-wire-type structure, the wave-type structure is capable of resisting deformation of the heating wire at a high temperature and in a process from a high temperature to a normal temperature such that defects caused by thermal expansion and contraction when the heating wire operates or stops can be avoided. After the wave-type structure of the heating wire is wound around a mica plate, a direction of the wave-type structure is exactly perpendicular to a direction of an air channel such that wind generated by a fan behind can blow out heat with maximum efficiency.

The invention discloses a refined overtemperature protection device and method applied to a phased array transmitter, and relates to the field of logic control, and the device comprises a system control module, a T / R array control module, and a T / R array. The system control module is connected with the PC end through a serial port bus, and the T / R array control module is connected with the system control module through a CAN bus; the T / R array is connected with the T / R array control module through a TTL bus; the invention further provides an overtemperature protection method. According to the invention, the working state of the system is intelligently switched in the temperature change process of the T / R assembly by designing refined overtemperature protection logic and adopting a mode of stepped degradation of the performance of the phased array system, and the maximum efficiency of the phased array system can be exerted while overtemperature protection is carried out; meanwhile, power can be cut off in time before the temperature of the T / R assembly exceeds the maximum junction temperature, and huge losses caused by poor heat dissipation conditions in the product research, development and use processes are effectively avoided.

The invention discloses a light-storage-hydrogen direct current micro-grid coordination control method based on maximum efficiency point tracking, and belongs to the field of photovoltaic hydrogen production system optimization control. The method comprises the following steps: 1, establishing a photovoltaic system power generation model, a storage battery voltage stabilization model and an AWE actual operation model; 2, based on the AWE efficiency characteristic curve, adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm to track voltage and current values corresponding to the maximum efficiency point of the AWE at different temperatures; 3, designing a photovoltaic system control strategy, a storage battery control strategy and an AWE control strategy based on sliding mode variable structure control; and 4, designing a plurality of coordination control strategy scenes in combination with voltage and current values corresponding to the maximum efficiency point of the AWE at different temperatures, so that the light-storage-hydrogen direct current micro-grid operates under various working conditions. The high electric energy utilization rate of direct coupling and the hydrogen production continuity of indirect coupling are combined, the energy conversion efficiency of the system is improved, and the current ripple is improved.

The invention provides a wireless electric energy transmission system suitable for an industrial environment, and solves the limitation of an industrial sensor in traditional wired charging and complex industrial environments. According to the system, constant voltage output and maximum efficiency tracking (MET) control are realized under the conditions of load change and coupling coefficient fluctuation by accurately adjusting the duty ratio D of a DC-DC converter at a transmitting end and the phase shift angle alpha of a semi-active rectifier (SAR) at a receiving end. The optimized control strategy enables the system to stably operate in a dynamic environment, ensures efficient and stable charging, and reduces the risks of wired interface damage and unstable charging. Compared with traditional wired charging, the wireless charging device overcomes the adaptability problem in severe environments such as high temperature, high humidity, high vibration and narrow space, avoids complex cable layout and maintenance cost, is widely applied to the fields of industrial sensors, power equipment and the like, is particularly suitable for scenes needing efficient wireless charging and constant voltage output, and has wide application prospects. The equipment operation stability and the production efficiency are improved.

The invention relates to a machine learning and physical priori knowledge constraint-based double perovskite halide material layer-by-layer screening method, equipment and a medium, and aims at solving the problems of low efficiency, large candidate space and insufficient multi-performance balance of a traditional data-driven screening framework, and constructing a cascade screening method taking spectral maximum efficiency (SLME) as a guide. Discovery of a high-precision photovoltaic material is realized through a progressive decision chain strictly following the sequence of space group symmetry, SLME, band gap characteristics and thermodynamic stability. A candidate material space is constructed based on an element coordination environment and a charge neutrality principle, the structural stability is primarily screened by using a new tolerance factor, then layer-by-layer screening is performed sequentially through a machine model, and finally a high-performance material is screened out. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a layer-by-layer screening method which takes SLME as a core and is constrained by physical priori knowledge, and multi-dimensional efficient screening from structure, optics, electricity to stability is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of LCC-S wireless charging, and particularly relates to an optimization method and system for realizing maximum efficiency of a wireless charging system, parameter optimization is performed on the system by using a proposed improved parrot algorithm, and maximum efficiency optimization is realized by designing a loose coupling transformer according to the optimized parameters. One side of the circuit structure is composed of a full-bridge inverter and an LCC topological structure and comprises four switching tubes, and a secondary side is composed of a rectification structure and a DC-DC converter. According to the method, the wireless charging system of the LCC-S topology is established, the improved parrot algorithm is combined with the wireless charging technology, the charging system with the maximum efficiency optimization is designed and developed, on one hand, the actual requirements of some special application occasions can be met, and the application field of the wireless charging technology is expanded; and on the other hand, energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.

The invention provides an omni-directional all-attitude wireless power supply system and a control method thereof, the system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, and is characterized in that the transmitting end comprises three transmitting coils which are concentrically arranged and mutually orthogonal, each transmitting coil is connected with a wireless charging transmitting circuit, and the wireless charging transmitting circuit is connected with the receiving end. The receiving end comprises three receiving coils which are concentrically arranged and mutually orthogonal, and each receiving coil is connected with a wireless charging receiving circuit and then supplies power to a load. The method has the advantages that no matter how the load posture changes, the situation that the receiving coil and the transmitting coil are all orthogonal is avoided, and it is guaranteed that energy transmission with the maximum efficiency can be achieved under the condition that the load is in an all-posture state. When the system is controlled, the position of the load can be judged according to the current change condition of each transmitting coil, and the magnitude of the current is adjusted by changing the phase shift parameter of the transmitting mutual inductance coil through the controller, so that the electromagnetic vector is always aligned with the receiving coil to complete the maximum-efficiency wireless power supply of the omnibearing load.

The utility model discloses a screw cap type automatic glue discharge brush, which comprises a screw cap, a fixed head and an insertion type glue discharge component, an assembly seat is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed head, a first glue discharge nozzle is arranged at the top of the assembly seat, and a plurality of first insertion holes are arranged at the top of the assembly seat in an array manner. Therefore, the rotary cover can be conveniently replaced on the glue bottle by rotating the rotary cover, meanwhile, the brush can be conveniently and correspondingly replaced through the assembling base, the first glue outlet nozzle and the first inserting hole, the bearing base can be conveniently replaced through mutual clamping of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and therefore the brush can be replaced, and the glue bottle can be conveniently replaced. Therefore, detachable connection between the screw cap and the glue bottle is allowed, a user can conveniently install or replace the screw cap, meanwhile, the brush can be conveniently cleaned or replaced, the service life of a product is prolonged, waste is reduced, maximum efficiency and cost effectiveness of glue use can be achieved, and meanwhile the requirement for environmental protection is met.

A microwave / millimeter wave B / J type power amplifier comprises a driving amplification and harmonic generation circuit and an amplification circuit, a radio frequency input signal RFin is input through the signal input end of the driving amplification and harmonic generation circuit, and the signal output end of the driving amplification and harmonic generation circuit is connected with the signal input end of the amplification circuit. The amplification circuit outputs the amplified radio frequency signal; according to the multi-stage power amplifier, fundamental wave signal amplification, harmonic wave generation and harmonic wave phase and amplitude control are carried out at the same time through the pre-stage driving amplifier of the multi-stage power amplifier, fundamental waves and harmonic waves are input into the main amplifier at the same time, and waveform control is achieved so as to improve the efficiency of the power amplifier; the phase difference and the amplitude proportion of the second harmonic and the fundamental wave are controlled through the driving amplifier, the efficiency of the B / J type power amplifier can be improved, the maximum efficiency can reach 95.2%, the normalized voltage peak value is reduced compared with a traditional B / J type power amplifier, and the B / J type power amplifier has the advantages of being simple in structure, greatly improving the efficiency, improving the circuit reliability, and being small in area and low in cost.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a control method and device of a wireless power transmission system, equipment and a storage medium, the wireless power transmission system at least comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end which are in communication connection, and the method is applied to the receiving end. The method comprises the steps of obtaining an output voltage of a receiving end, an output voltage reference value and an estimated value of a first pulse density instruction of a transmitting end, wherein the output voltage is used for reflecting voltages at two ends of a to-be-powered load; determining an internal control quantity by using the output voltage, the output voltage reference value and a preset proportional-integral controller; determining a second pulse density instruction of the receiving end according to the estimated value and the internal control quantity; and sending the second pulse density instruction to the transmitting end. The power efficiency decoupling control method is realized through the method, the pulse density of the transmitting end can follow the receiving end, the interference of maximum efficiency tracking on voltage control is avoided, and the speed of the MEPT is improved.

The invention provides an efficient and stable wireless charging method suitable for a pressure-bearing lithium battery, and solves the problems that an existing maximum efficiency tracking control method has the defects of being high in time complexity, low in solving speed and low in maximum tracking speed, and the charging process is inaccurate due to the fact that parameters of the pressure-bearing lithium battery are affected by pressure. According to the invention, the improved perturbation observation-golden section algorithm is adopted to realize rapid maximum efficiency tracking and stable control of the pressure-bearing lithium battery. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, comparing a current solution with a previous solution and a next solution, and if the current solution is superior to the previous solution and the next solution at the same time, determining an interval in which an optimal solution is located; secondly, maximum efficiency tracking is carried out through a golden section search algorithm; the time complexity of the golden section search algorithm is generally O (log n), and n is the dimension of a solution space. Therefore, the high-efficiency stability of wireless charging of the pressure-bearing lithium battery can be improved to a certain extent by adopting the perturbation observation-golden section method.

The present invention is related to a sample heat exchanger module (200) for a freeze-dryer system (100) comprising - a first heat exchange element (201) made of thermally conductive material and comprising • a top surface (202); and • a plurality of straight passages (203, 204, 205) extending in different directions through the first heat exchange element (201), the passages being parallel to the top surface (202) and intersecting at the interior of the first heat exchange element (201); - a first cold source (206) comprising a cold end (207) with a maximum efficiency zone (208) that is in thermal contact with the first heat exchange element (201); and - a first heat source (209) comprising a maximum efficiency zone (210) in thermal contact with the first heat exchange element (201); wherein the straight passages (203, 204, 205) are arranged between the top surface (202) and the maximum efficiency zones (208, 210) of the first cold source (206) and the first heat source (209), and wherein the first cold source (206) and the first heat source (209) are controllable by a control unit (102) to decrease or increase the temperature of the first heat exchange element (201).

The invention discloses an optimal control method for load shedding water hammer pressure of a pumped storage power station containing a fixed-variable speed unit. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, based on a pump turbine full-characteristic curve, performing variable-speed unit efficiency optimization, and determining the highest efficiency of a variable-speed unit and the corresponding optimal rotating speed; then, establishing a transition process mathematical model of the water delivery and power generation system of the pumped storage power station containing the constant-variable speed unit, and calculating Pareto leading edges taking the maximum pressure of a volute and the minimum pressure of a draft tube as optimization targets under different control schemes by adopting different guide vane closing rules for the constant speed unit and the variable speed unit; and finally, carrying out normalization processing on the maximum pressure of the volute and the minimum pressure of the draft tube, establishing a transient characteristic multi-target evaluation function, and screening out an optimal control scheme from the Pareto frontier. By means of the method, the water hammer pressure extreme value caused by hydraulic interference between the constant-speed unit and the variable-speed unit can be effectively improved, the operation stability and safety of a power station are improved, and good engineering adaptability is achieved.

The application discloses a kind of fuel cell centrifugal air compressor optimization design methods based on advanced analysis, first build centrifugal air compressor performance test platform, then test to a certain centrifugal air compressor, establish its numerical calculation model and simulation, then the test value and simulation value of performance parameter are compared and analyzed;After verification, the analysis model and advanced analysis model of the centrifugal air compressor are established;Finally, the structural parameters of centrifugal air compressor are modified, the numerical calculation model of centrifugal air compressor with different structural parameters is established and simulated;Then the analysis model and advanced analysis model of different structural parameters are established, to reduce loss and improve efficiency as target, the structural parameters are iteratively optimized, until the structural parameters of centrifugal air compressor that meet minimum loss and maximum efficiency are obtained simultaneously.The application starts from the angle of energy loss, and realizes the high-efficiency and low-loss optimization of centrifugal air compressor by using advanced analysis.

The invention provides a rapid maximum efficiency tracking control method and system for a wireless charging system, and solves the problems of high time complexity, low solving speed and low maximum tracking speed of an existing maximum efficiency tracking control method. According to the method adopted by the invention, firstly, a current solution is compared with a previous solution and a latter solution, and if the current solution is superior to the previous solution and the latter solution at the same time, an interval in which an optimal solution is located can be determined; secondly, maximum efficiency tracking is carried out through a golden section search algorithm; the time complexity of the golden section search algorithm is generally O (log n), and n is the dimension of a solution space. The solution space dimension is generally greater than 1, and O (log n) is less than O (n) at the moment, so that the maximum efficiency tracking speed can be improved to a certain extent by adopting the perturbation observation-golden section method.

The invention relates to a forklift truck (2) comprising a hydraulic system (10) and at least one hydraulically operated component (30), as well as a method for operating a hydraulic system (10) of the forklift truck (2). The hydraulic system (10) comprises a first hydraulic pump (11), a second hydraulic pump (12), and a hydraulic line system (15). The hydraulic line system (15) is designed and configured to connect the hydraulically operated component (30) selectively either exclusively to the first hydraulic pump (11), exclusively to the second hydraulic pump (12), or simultaneously to both the first hydraulic pump (11) and the second hydraulic pump (12). The first hydraulic pump (11) has a maximum efficiency at a first flow rate (102) and a first operating pressure (101). The second hydraulic pump (12) has a second maximum efficiency at a second flow rate (102) and a second operating pressure (101).The first operating pressure (101) is greater than the second operating pressure (101) and / or the first volume flow rate (102) is smaller than the second volume flow rate (102).

A control device performs: searching for a maximal efficiency voltage which is an output voltage of the first converter at which the output power of the first converter becomes maximal; storing the maximal efficiency voltage obtained by the searching; performing a voltage adjustment process of changing the output voltage of the first converter in a direction in which the output power of the first converter is increased by using the maximal efficiency voltage as an initial value; changing the output voltage of the first converter to the maximal efficiency voltage at that time when the correspondence relationship between the output voltage of the first converter and the output power corresponding to the output voltage of the solar panel is changed during the voltage adjustment process; and performing the voltage adjustment process again with the output voltage of the first converter after the change as a new initial value.

The invention discloses a biomass whole-bundle straw decomposition and gasification device which comprises a shell, combustion equipment is arranged on one side in the shell, a door plate is arranged at the top of the other side in the shell, and a lower gear type rolling shaft and an upper gear type rolling shaft are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of a path, between the door plate and the combustion equipment, in the shell respectively. A crushing assembly is arranged on the path, bearing the whole bundle of falling straw, of one side of the top of the combustion equipment, by changing the transmission ratio between an adjusting assembly and a rotating shaft, after 30 seconds, the power-off state of an electromagnet is restored, an electromagnet ring is powered on again, meanwhile, a first motor is started to drive the whole rotating shaft to rotate again, and the straw is crushed. The whole bundle of straw is conveyed again, but the conveying speed at the moment can be reduced compared with that before adjustment so as to be matched with crushing of the damped straw with large toughness, self-adaptive adjustment can be achieved in the whole process, manual intervention is not needed, and whole bundle type straw decomposition with the maximum efficiency is achieved.

The invention discloses an inverse design method for a dual-mode internal contraction combined air inlet channel, and relates to a hypersonic air inlet channel of an aircraft. Comprising the following steps: designing a bimodal basic flow field based on a high / low-speed modal cruise Mach number as a design point; the inlet shape design of the air inlet channel is combined with the flight-launch integrated matching requirement; designing an air inlet compression molded surface by a streamline tracking technology; designing the optimal position of the rotating shaft of the splitter plate based on the maximum splitting control efficiency; designing a flow distribution plate rotation angle according to a flow distribution requirement in a flight envelope; the expansion effect caused by rotation of a turbine channel splitter plate and the compression effect generated by area shrinkage in a shared flow channel are comprehensively considered; and a turbine channel and a stamping channel are designed to be separated from each other. The dual-mode conversion adaptability of the internal contraction combined air inlet channel is remarkably improved, and the flow distribution requirements of all channels under different flight working conditions are met.

The invention relates to the field of photoelectric scheduling, in particular to a distributed photovoltaic regulation and control device and method based on four fusible terminals, and the device comprises a fusion terminal module, a power prediction module, a demand scheduling module, a power supply model module and a quality reduction module. The power prediction module is used for fitting distribution of output power with beta distribution, the demand scheduling module is used for determining a scheduling coefficient of a demand side, the power supply model module is used for establishing a power supply model to carry out constraint planning on power supply power to obtain optimal output power, and the quality reduction module is used for grading power generation power and actively reducing power supply during undervoltage. According to the method, the power grid can better balance power supply and demand, input fluctuation is reduced, the power dispatching process is optimized, dynamic balance of energy supply is achieved, the utilization efficiency of electric energy is ensured to be maximized, and the stability and power supply quality of a power system are guaranteed.

An apparatus and method for providing rotary power using a power transmission device are disclosed. The apparatus enables multi-dimensional and angle-agnostic displacement of a rotary power output relative to an input position and transmission of high torque and high-speed rotary motion while maintaining maximum efficiency and rapid response. The apparatus is a transmission gear comprising at least two geared connecting rods in a multi-link articulated gear (MLAG). Each connecting rod comprises at least two gears. The transmission gear also comprises a common axis adapted to allow the connecting rods to freely rotate relative to each other about the common axis, and thereby allow a change in the angle between at least two connecting rods, thereby changing the distance between the input shaft and the output shaft.

The present invention provides a convection-type two-way ventilation water-cooled computer mainframe case, which relates to the technical field of chassis and solves the problem that the heat absorbed in the water-cooling solution of the existing water-cooled computer chassis cannot be dissipated by high-efficiency heat exchange, resulting in the inability to ensure the water cooling effect of the water-cooling block on the CPU after running for too long. A convection-type two-way ventilation water-cooled computer mainframe case includes a mainframe case, and a group of fans A are embedded and installed in the front side of the mainframe case. The airflow generated by fans A and B will also be input into the connecting pipe through the airflow input through hole, and the airflow input into the two connecting pipes will also form convection in the rectangular convection heat dissipation exchange cavity, so as to greatly stir the airflow inside the rectangular convection heat dissipation exchange cavity, thereby maximally efficiently performing heat exchange with the copper heat dissipation fins on the rectangular copper block, so as to accelerate the removal of heat in the water-cooling solution and ensure the water cooling effect of the water-cooling block on the CPU.

Disclosed is a DC / DC converter using an adaptive controller for maximum efficiency under dynamic load conditions. The DC / DC converter includes N power switches, each of which has a size of 1 / N such that their device size is maintained the same as that of power switches of a conventional DC / DC converter. The use of the adaptive controller in the DC / DC converter can achieve maximum efficiency under dynamic load conditions by varying the number of power switches driven depending on load currents.

Computerized methods of classifying compute-intensive and memory-intensive applications are disclosed. A maximum efficiency for a user application is identified. A peak performance for a machine implementation is identified under one or more Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. Actual performance and resource usage of the application implementation using one or more performance vectors is measured and compared with the maximum efficiency and the peak performance. One or more areas of interest are identified using the performance vectors. If a critical hotspot area is identified from the one or more areas of interest, at least one feature is extracted from the critical hotspot area. An application signature is built if an approximation of performance is acceptable, based on the extracted features. The compute- and memory-intensive application may be classified based on the application signature.