90results about How to "Extend integration time" patented technology

A device and method for spatially resolved photodetection and demodulation of temporally modulated electromagnetic waves makes it possible to measure phase, amplitude and offset of a temporally modulated, spatially coded radiation field. A micro-optical element (41) spatially averages a portion (30) of the scene and equally distributes the averaged intensity on two photo sites (51.1.51.2) close to each other. Adjacent to each of these photo sites (51.1) are two storage areas (54.1, 54.2) into which charge from the photo site can be moved quickly (with a speed of several MHz to several tens or even hundreds of MHz) and accumulated essentially free of noise. This is possible by employing the charge-coupled device (CCD) principle. The device combines a high optical fill factor, insensitivity to offset errors, high sensitivity even with little light, simultaneous data acquisition, small pixel size, and maximum efficiency in use of available signal photons for sinusoidal as well as pulsed radiation signals. The device and method may be used in a time-of-flight (TOF) range imaging system without moving parts, offering 2D or 3D range data.

Replica correlation processing, and associated representative signal-data reduction and reconstruction techniques, are used to detect signals of interest and obtain robust measures of received-signal parameters, such as time differences of signal arrival and directional angles of arrival, that can be used to estimate the location of a cellularized-communications signal source. The new use in the present invention of signal-correlation processing for locating communications transmitters. This enables accurate and efficient extraction of parameters for a particular signal even in a frequency band that contains multiple received transmissions, such as occurs with code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) communications. Correlation processing as disclosed herein further enables extended processing integration times to facilitate the effective detection of desired communications-signal effects and replication measurement of their location-related parameters, even for the communications signals modulated to convey voice conversations or those weakened through propagation effects. Using prior, constructed, signal replicas in the correlation processing enables elimination of the inter-site communications of the signal representations that support the correlation analyses. Reduced-data representations of the modulated signals for voiced conversation, or for the variable components of data communications, are used to significantly reduce the inter-site communications that support the correlation analyses.

A spectral measurement device comprising an entrance aperture for receiving an electromagnetic energy and a mask located at the entrance aperture in the form of a two-dimensional encodement pattern. An optical element conditions the electromagnetic energy received from the mask for presentation to the spectral dispersion element and the and a spectral dispersion element disperses the electromagnetic energy in one or more dimensions. Additionally, the optical element conditions the dispersed electromagnetic energy onto an array of detector elements.

A spectral measurement device comprising an entrance aperture for receiving an electromagnetic energy and a mask located at the entrance aperture in the form of a two-dimensional encodement pattern. An optical element conditions the electromagnetic energy received from the mask for presentation to the spectral dispersion element and the and a spectral dispersion element disperses the electromagnetic energy in one or more dimensions. Additionally, the optical element conditions the dispersed electromagnetic energy onto an array of detector elements.

The invention discloses a background suppression method for an infrared reading circuit and a circuit thereof. The circuit is provided with a negative charge packet generator, a detector, an injection circuit, a sampling hold circuit and a buffer, wherein an output end of the negative charge packet generator is connected with one input end of the injection circuit; and an output end of the detector is connected with the other input end of the injection circuit, an output end of the injection circuit is connected with an input end of the sampling hold circuit, an output end of the sampling hold circuit is connected with an input end of the buffer, and an output end of the buffer is connected with a subsequent signal processing circuit. The method and the circuit adopt the negative charge packet generator to provide a plurality of negative charge packets by stage to reduce charges of background current accumulated on an integrating capacitor, do not need a background current memory of the prior art to generate background reduction current to realize background suppression, have extremely low background suppression non-uniformity, and do not introduce extra noise and power consumption.

A fiber optic camera system may include a fiber optic camera and a video processing console. The camera may include an elongate sheath having a proximal end and a distal end, and the sheath may contain one or more illumination optical fibers and an imaging bundle having at least one fiber optic clad and multiple fiber optic cores. The camera may further include a camera body fixedly attached to the proximal end of the elongate sheath, and the camera body may contain an imaging sensor optically coupled to a proximal end of the imaging bundle and configured to generate image data and an illumination source optically coupled to proximal ends of the illumination fibers. In some embodiments, the camera body has no connection member for connecting a secondary illumination source to the camera.

A system and method suitable for detecting radiation in a flowing liquid, such as a water flowing in a water supply system. The system includes a closed tubular-shaped container having a hollow interior that contains an inert gas at an elevated pressure, and a tubular-shaped housing surrounding the container. The container has a wall structure comprising a cathode, and has an inner electrical element within its hollow interior that defines an anode along a longitudinal axis of the container. The housing has an inlet and an outlet at oppositely-disposed ends thereof, and the container and housing cooperate to define a flow passage generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the container. The system detects signals generated by the container in response to electrons being released within the container as a result of atoms of the inert gas being ionized by gamma ray radiation and then traveling to the anode.

An image acquisition apparatus that uses optical coherence tomography includes a scanning unit provided within a light path that guides signal light to be incident on an examination object towards the examination object and configured to scan the signal light in a main scanning direction; and a control unit configured to control the scanning unit such that an integration time of an optical interference signal per pixel in at least one predetermined area other than opposite ends, in the main scanning direction, of an image acquisition region scanned by a plurality of main scan lines is increased relative to that of an area other than the predetermined area.

A SAR imaging method performs N SAR acquisitions in stripmap mode of the earth's surface using a synthetic aperture radar transported by an aerial or satellite platform and including a single, non-partitioned antenna and a single receiver coupled thereto. All N SAR acquisitions are performed using the same predetermined elevation angle relative to the nadir of the synthetic aperture radar and using a respective squint angle relative to the flight direction of the synthetic aperture radar. Radar transmission and reception operations are time interleaved with other N-1 SAR acquisitions, resulting in the respective acquisition directions being parallel to each other and not parallel to acquisition directions of other N-1 SAR acquisitions. Radar beams in two immediately successive time instants and related to two different SAR acquisitions are contiguous along the azimuth. SAR images may be generated using all the N SAR acquisitions having an enhanced azimuth resolution.

The present invention provides a method to optimize the configuration of a symbology reader without the need for user intervention. Following a predetermined number of successful decodes, the reader automatically determines the symbology of interest and disables the decoding algorithms not being used. For example, if after four or five successful decodes have occurred and the unit determines that all of the successful decodes were of a single symbology type such as a PDF417 barcode, all other decoding algorithms, with the exception of the PDF417 decoder, will be disabled. Other embodiments may be included which adjust the scan window size and the image capture parameters of the reader based on the symbology of interest.

The invention discloses an altitude infrared imaging method based on a multi-element area array splicing. An area array picture frame type imaging is adopted, a large breadth is gained through the object space scan on the passing rail direction of a swing mirror, the swing mirror works in a scanning and gazing imaging mode, the infrared area array detector images by exposure when the swing mirror is at the gazing position, the overlapping ratio between two adjacent images is kept 10 percent and above, the splicing of the adjacent images adopts the measure algorithm of the correlation function in image matching, and the seamless splicing of the images is ensured. The imaging method improves the integration time of the system, and efficiently improves the sensibility of the infrared system, and the picture frame type imaging solves the severe distortion of the image caused by the posture affection of a plane. The invention solves the technological problems of the high resolution, the large breadth, and the high sensitivity of an altitude on-board infrared camera.

The invention relates to a staged background suppression method of an ultrared focal plane readout circuit. The staged background suppression method is characterized in that unit circuits in the ultrared focal plane readout circuit comprise an injection circuit, an integral capacitor circuit, a background current reduction circuit and a row-selection control circuit, wherein the output end of a detector is connected with the input end of the injection circuit; the output end of the injection circuit is connected with the input end of the integral capacitor circuit; the output end of the integral capacitor circuit, the output end of the background current reduction circuit and the input end of the row-selection control circuit are mutually connected; the input end of the background currentreduction circuit is connected with an input voltage VB; and the output end of the row-selection control circuit is connected with a subsequent signal-processing circuit. The background current reduction circuit is utilized to be switched on by stages in an integral process so that a charge packet is reduced form the integral capacitor circuit every time when the background current reduction circuit is switched on, and charges collected on an integral capacitor by a background current are eliminated for a plurality of times to realize background suppression.

The invention relates to a wafer defect detection system and method. The system comprises a processing unit, a control assembly, a displacement assembly, a detection assembly, and a signal acquisitionunit, the displacement assembly and the detection assembly are cooperatively arranged, and the displacement assembly controls the detection signal acquisition and movement of the detection assembly through displacement. The control assembly controls movement of the displacement assembly through an instruction and indirectly controls detection signal acquisition of the detection assembly, a signalacquired by the detection assembly and instruction information of the control assembly are transmitted to the signal acquisition unit, and the signal acquisition unit transmits the acquired signal tothe processing unit for processing to obtain defect information; the sensitivity requirement of an area array detector is reduced, and the detector cost can be effectively reduced; compared with a traditional scanning mode, the detection speed of the whole system can be greatly increased; and as the area array detector does not move in the area area exposure process, the problem of dithering andblurring of a traditional scanning mode can be solved, and the defect detection and recognition rate is increased.

The invention discloses a super-short baseline water sound positioning system based on maximum likelihood estimation and a positioning algorithm, which solves the technical problem that the long-distance positioning accuracy of the super short baseline positioning system is low. The super-short baseline water sound positioning system consists of an under-water responder and a sound reception basic matrix, wherein the under water responder is capable of generating and emitting ultrasonic wave positioning signals and the sound reception basic matrix capable of receiving and processing ultrasonic positioning signals; the positioning algorithm utilizes internal geometry relations among all basic matrix member signals, does not need the ultrasonic signal to reach the azimuth of array element of the matrix array and improves the accuracy of the position solution. The maximum likelihood estimation is utilized to perform integral processing on the signal reaching all the array members after summation in order to obtain a global optimal positioning result. Unified resolving is performed on the ultrasonic signals, which is equivalent to improving integration time. As a result, when the signal to noise ratio of the signals is relatively low, the super-short baseline water sound positioning system based on maximum likelihood estimation can effectively improves the signal-to-noise ratio and further guarantee the accuracy of the signals.

The invention relates to a method and a device for obtaining an image based on the dynamic time delay integral. A CCD / CMOS photosensitive element and a TDI-CCD form an image obtainer, the integral time of TDI-CCD is controlled by analyzing an image read by the CCD / CMOS photosensitive element, and the image is read out before the image does not perform Blooming, finally the image is processed to obtain a scene image. In the invention, the integral time of the TDI-CCD is controlled according to the practical situation of the scene image, and the image is read out before the image does not perform Blooming so that the image quality loss is prevented, the integral time of the TDI-CCD is ensured in maximum, the advantage of long integral time of the TDI-CCD is greatly reserved, and the obtained image and the light intensity of a scene are a direct proportion relationship; therefore, the method and the device can prevent the image from generating Blooming phenomenon, ensure the image not to be distorted, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the image.

The invention is based on an autofocus method in which light from a light source is focused at a measurement light focus in a sample and is reflected from there and the reflected light is guided through an optical system in two light paths onto at least two detector elements. In order to achieve fast and accurate automatic focusing on the sample, it is proposed that the measurement light focus is moved in layers of the sample which reflect light to different extents, and the detector elements are arranged in such a way that, in this case, profiles of a radiation property registered by the detector elements are different and a focus position is set in a manner dependent on the profiles.

A touch controller can dynamically balance performance criteria, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) thresholds, with power consumption for touch sensitive devices. A touch controller can be configured to reduce power consumption by reconfiguring bank boundaries for an active mode scan so as to reduce the number of banks scanned with a banked active mode scan. Additionally or alternatively, the stimulation signal amplitude and integration time of the touch controller can be dynamically adjusted to balance performance criteria with power consumption. Default integration times and default stimulation signal amplitudes can be increased in higher-noise operating environments to raise SNR, and can be reduced to save power in lower-noise operating environments. Additionally or alternatively, the touch scanning rate of the touch controller can be dynamically adjusted to reduce power consumption of the touch sensitive device or to reallocate touch sensing frames to increase integration times and thereby SNR performance.

Methods and systems are provided for accessing GPS signals in faded environments. Means are provided for predicting the nonlinear phase induced by the receiver's own clock, when there is at least one GPS satellite link strong enough to calculate a phase profile. In an embodiment, GPS signals are accessed in faded environments by increasing the sensitivity of a GPS receiver by increasing the processing gain of received GPS signals through increased integration time. Matching a near-baseband signal requires removing a nonlinear part of the phase which may arise from several sources, including: the phase drift of the GPS satellite's atomic clock, the phase drift due to the motion of the GPS receiver, the phase drift due to the motion of the GPS satellite, and the phase drift due to the GPS receiver's clock.

The invention discloses a Beidou satellite navigation signal capturing method based on NH code element jumping detection, and belongs to the technical field of methods for processing base band signals of satellite navigation receivers. The Beidou satellite navigation signal capturing method includes the steps that the thoughts of NH code element matching and a TONG detector are adopted, circle correlation operation is carried out on the condition that NH code element jumping exists in intermediate frequency navigation satellite signals every millisecond and the condition that NH code element jumping does not exist in the intermediate frequency navigation satellite signals every millisecond, a parallel code phase searching method is applied to the circle correlation operation, pre-detection integral time is set to be K ms, the results of the circle correlation operation every millisecond are accumulated according to various assumed combinations of the NH code element jumping, the combination result with the largest value is compared with a detection threshold value, and a signal capturing result and the initial position of a navigation information bit are judged according to processing results of the TONG detector and a bit asynchronous detection module. The coherent integration time is prolonged under the condition that influences of NH code elements are eliminated, and navigation information bit synchronization is achieved while capturing is successful.

A fiber optic camera system may include a fiber optic camera and a video processing console. The camera may include an elongate sheath having a proximal end and a distal end, and the sheath may contain one or more illumination optical fibers and an imaging bundle having at least one fiber optic clad and multiple fiber optic cores. The camera may further include a camera body fixedly attached to the proximal end of the elongate sheath, and the camera body may contain an imaging sensor optically coupled to a proximal end of the imaging bundle and configured to generate image data and an illumination source optically coupled to proximal ends of the illumination fibers. In some embodiments, the camera body has no connection member for connecting a secondary illumination source to the camera.

The invention relates to a stage background inhibiting infrared focal plane unit circuit which is characterized by comprising an injection circuit, an integrating capacitor circuit, a background subtracting current circuit and a row selection control circuit, wherein the output end of an infrared detector is connected with the input end of the injection circuit; the output end of the injection circuit is connected with the input end of the integrating capacitor circuit; the output end of the integrating capacitor circuit and the output end of the background subtracting current circuit are connected with the input end of the row selection control circuit; the output end of the row selection control circuit is connected with a following signal processing circuit; the first input end and the second input end of the background subtracting current circuit are respectively connected with bias voltage VB1 and bias voltage VB2; and the charge accumulated on an integrating capacitor by background current is subtracted by the stage conduction of the background subtracting current circuit in the process of integration so as to realize background inhibition.

The present invention relates to fluorescent or luminescent probe reagents for measuring oxidative stress in a cell or an organism. Examples of the probe reagents include: a fluorescent or luminescent protein and a marker protein; a fluorescent or luminescent protein, a marker protein, and a regulatory factor; or a fluorescent or luminescent protein, a marker protein, a cleavage sequence, and a regulatory factor. In the probe reagents, the marker protein makes it possible to detect the oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species and comprises a regulatory factor-binding site and a ubiquitin-binding site; and the regulatory factor is a protein making it possible to regulate degradation of the marker protein in response to the reactive oxygen species. The present invention also relates to a method of measuring oxidative stress in a cell or an organism, or a method of screening a substance which suppresses or promotes the oxidative stress in a cell or an organism by using the probe reagent.

The invention provides an implementation method of a high-dynamic star sensor based on an EMCCD (Electronic Multiplying Charge Coupled Device) and a CMOS and relates to the technique of star sensors. According to the implementation method of the high-dynamic star sensor based on the EMCCD and the CMOS, the problems that an ICCD which is utilized for rapidly acquiring a star map is large in volume, short in service life and high in power consumption, or high resolution and high frame frequency cannot be met when the star map is acquired by virtue of the EMCCD, and integral accumulation in a two-dimensional manner cannot be realized by virtue of a TDI manner in the prior art are solved; by acquiring multiple low-magnitude star maps in a large visual field by virtue of a high-resolution and high-sensitivity CMOS detector, the number of stars in a star base provided by the star sensor is reduced; aiming at the problem that the image motion of the star map is fuzzy because the kinematic velocity under a high dynamic state is too large, high-magnitude images are rapidly photographed by virtue of multiplication modes of four EMCCDs at four corners of the CMOS, so that the probability for acquiring a motion vector is increased; a TDI working manner in the two-dimensional direction of the CMOS is achieved by virtue of software according to the acquired motion vector; the problem that the probability for acquiring the image motion by virtue of one EMCCD is too low is avoided.

The invention provides a global position system (GPS) signal tracking method, a tracking channel loop and an adjusting method thereof. The GPS signal tracking method comprises the following steps: A. receiving a radio-frequency signal launched by a satellite; B. carrying out down-conversion processing on the radio-frequency signal according to the previously obtained signal generated by a carriernumerical controlled oscillator (NCO), and obtaining a signal after down-conversion; and C. carrying out coherent accumulation and incoherent accumulation on the frequency of the down-conversion signal according to the previously obtained signal generated by a code NCO so as to obtain tracking data of the radio-frequency signal. In the embodiment of the invention, after the radio-frequency signalis subjected to down-conversion processing, the integral time is increased by calculation of coherent accumulation and incoherent accumulation and the signal processing gains are increased, thus ensuring GPS signal frequency tracking at indoors and other environments with weaker signal strength, and realizing GPS weak signal tracking.

The invention discloses a Beidou weak signal capturing device based on a zero-padding algorithm and a differential coherence algorithm. The Beidou weak signal capturing device based on the zero-padding algorithm and the differential coherence algorithm comprises a Beidou receiver antenna, a radiofrequency module and a baseband processing module. The invention further discloses a Beidou weak signalcapturing method based on the zero-padding algorithm and the differential coherence algorithm. The Beidou weak signal capturing method based on the zero-padding algorithm and the differential coherence algorithm comprises the following steps: carrying out mixed frequency down-conversion on a Beidou satellite signal received by the Beidou receiver antenna into intermediate frequency, and samplingto obtain a sampling signal; carrying out frequency mixing on the sampling signal and local carrier wave, carrying out zero padding on local pseudo codes by using the zero-padding algorithm, then carrying out correlation operation on the local pseudo codes and the sampling signal to obtain a correlation result; carrying out differential coherence operation on the correlation result, and carrying out integral summation operation for 10 milliseconds per time; and carrying out peak value detection on an integral result, and if the peak value exceeds a threshold value, acquiring a carrier wave Doppler frequency estimated value according to the position of the peak value so as to finish a capturing process. By the scheme, influence of NH code jumping and bit jumping can be greatly weakened, theintegral time is prolonged, and the signal to noise ratio is increased.

The invention discloses a nuclear radiation detecting system and method applied to the security check field. The method improves the traditional nuclear radiation detecting technology according to the special requirements in the security check field to further improve the measurement instantaneity and accuracy. The system comprises a detector, an integral circuit, an analog-digital converter, a comparer-counter array and a controller. The method comprises the following steps: (1) particle radiation energy signals in a nuclear radiation particle bombardment detector are converted to electric pulse signals through the photoelectric effect; (2) the electric pulse signals pass through the comparer-counter array to obtain a radiation particle energy distribution condition; (3) a nuclear radiation accumulation amount of the electric pulse signals in time T is obtained through the integral circuit, and the integral time T is determined by radiation particle energy distribution information; (4) output of the integral circuit is converted to a digital quantity through the analog-digital converter; the digital quantity is divided by the time T to obtain nuclear radiation dose information in unit time.

The invention provides a method for improving the data updating rate of a star sensor by using a parallel streamline mechanism. The method comprises the following steps of: immediately starting exposure for the next frame image after the data processing of the current frame image is over, storing the current frame image, extracting star image coordinates from the current frame image, recognizing the extracted star image, calculating the altitude of the current frame and simultaneously carrying out a process for sending a recognizing result to a navigation computer and the exposure of the next frame image. The method improves the data updating rate of the star sensor and has low hardware cost and good system realizability. The data updating rate of the star sensor cannot be reduced when integration time, image memory time, star image extraction time, star map recognizing time and altitude calculating time or altitude data communication output time are increased on account of system application demands. The data updating rate of the star sensor is improved under the condition that the data accuracy of the star sensor cannot be reduced. As the data updating rate of the star sensor is improved, the dynamic property of the star sensor is further improved.

The invention discloses an aero-engine vibration signal phase measurement method based on revolving speed pulse reconstruction and mainly solves the problem that the phase measurement error is large and the phase measurement is unstable in the prior art. The measurement method comprises the steps that two paths of orthorhombic reference signals are reconstructed in local, and the phase of the vibration signal is estimated through an angle measurement algorithm. The aero-engine vibration signal phase measurement method based on revolving speed pulse reconstruction has the advantages of small computational burden, good stability and high speed measurement accuracy, and can be applicable to precisely measuring the phase of the vibration signal of an aero-engine.

The invention discloses a method for achieving a spaceborne imaging spectrometer based on a multi-channel EMCCD, and relates to the method for achieving the spaceborne imaging spectrometer. The method mainly solves the problems that due to the fact that many spectrum segments exist in an existing spaceborne imaging spectrometer, the signal to noise ratio is low, and the required frame frequency is high. On the basis of the thought of splicing a plurality of linear array image sensors, the method for achieving the imaging spectrometer based on the multi-channel EMCCD is provided. Each linear array image sensor receives physical information of different spectrum segments, and original high-requirement frame transfer time is converted into low-requirement line transfer time; images generated in the linear array image sensors are electronically multiplied and then are output so as to improve the signal to noise ratio of multi-spectrum-segment signals; the multiplication gain value is set by each linear array image sensor according to the quantum efficiency in the spectrum segments, the amplitude of output signals of the spectrum segments is kept consistent, the uniformity of the output signals of the spectrum segments is improved, and the whole dynamic range is widened.