The invention discloses an OOFDM (Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) encryption system based on chaos sequence pilot frequency mapping; the OOFDM encryption system comprises an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) encryption module, an optical modulation module, an optical fiber transmission channel, a photoelectric detection module and an OFDM decryption module, wherein the OFDM encryption module, the optical modulation module, the optical fiber transmission channel, the photoelectric detection module and the OFDM decryption module are successively connected; the OFDM encryption module is connected to the optical modulation module, thereby generating an encrypted OOFDM signal; the encrypted OOFDM signal is connected to the optical fiber transmission channel, realizing the transmission of the encrypted OOFDM signal in optical fibers; the optical fiber transmission channel transmits the encrypted OOFDM signal to the photoelectric detection module, thereby converting the encrypted OOFDM signal into an electrical OFDM signal; and the electrical OFDM signal reaches to the OFDM decryption module, finishing the demodulation of the OFDM signal. The OOFDM encryption system disclosed by the invention can be adaptive to transmission characteristics of high speed and large capacity of an optical frequency division multiplexing transmission system, the safety is high and the time-space cost is low; under the condition of not occupying and not changing the original signal distribution, the system encryption can be realized, and the realizability is high.