The invention discloses a ship collision avoidance assisted decision-making method and system based on track fusion and track prediction. The method comprises the following steps: S1, ship information transmitted by an automatic identification system of a ship and a radar is obtained and pretreatment is carried out on the ship information to obtain position, speed, and orientation information of the ship; S2, track association and track fusion are carried out on the position, speed, and orientation information of ship; and S3, according to the result of the track fusion, track prediction is carried out on a target ship, and ship collision risk evaluation, avoidance decision making, and target ship posture monitoring are carried out. According to the invention, reliability and stability of the ship navigation data source are improved; safety information during the ship sailing process can be monitored intelligent in real time; and thus the ship collision can be avoided. Intelligence and miniaturization of the ship-borne equipment can be realized well; and the method and system have great practical application values.