The invention discloses an onboard multivariate ocean information collection system, comprising two parts: a software part and a hardware part. The hardware part comprises an FPGA radar collection module, a fish detection sonar collection module, an AIS collection module, a system storage module, a display terminal, an external information collection module, satellite communication, a GPRS wireless module, a navigation radar, a single-beam (multibeam) fish detector, video monitoring, AIS, an aerovane, a temperature and humidity instrument, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a temperature and salinity profiler, a sound velocity profiler, a DGPS and an attitude sensor. The system has the beneficial effects that the fishing boat marine operation, sailing safety and fishery supervision capacity and efficiency are improved, the necessary manpower for ocean environment collection, landform investigation and ocean monitoring is greatly reduced, a practical engineering demand for maritime measurement and control can be satisfied, a technical gap is filled up, and the relatively high social benefits and economic benefits are produced.