772 results about "Stress monitoring" patented technology

A tire monitor for mounting to a vehicle as part of a remote tire monitoring system includes a tire condition sensor to produce a tire condition signal, a controller coupled to the tire condition sensor to control operation of the tire monitor, and a radio circuit coupled to the controller to transmit radio signals based at least in part on the tire condition signal. A shock sensor is coupled to the controller of the tire monitor to produce a motion signal indicating motion of the tire monitor.

The invention provides a multi-factor coupling on-line monitoring system and a multi-factor coupling on-line monitoring system method for slope safety. The monitoring system comprises a data acquisition unit, a wireless communication module, a data information receiving unit and a data analysis and processing unit. The data analysis and processing unit comprises a threshold value analysis unit, a data storage unit, a video viewing unit, an intelligent expert judgment system and an early warning unit. Multi-information coupling analysis and processing is performed by the intelligent expert judgment system. According to the system and the method provided by the invention, a rainfall, displacement and stress monitoring method and an acoustic emission method for monitoring internal damage of a slope are organically combined to dynamically monitor the whole process of slope instability from different angles, and comprehensive judgment is performed through the intelligent expert judgment system, and therefore, the monitoring accuracy of the slope safety is greatly improved.

A method and device for monitoring thermal stress in a user is described. The device is designed to include a material having specific thermodynamic properties and physical dimensions defined as a function of those thermodynamic properties. A system for thermal stress monitoring including a thermal stress monitoring device configured within a garment is also described.

A stress monitoring method includes the steps of acquiring a plurality of individual readings of at least one physiologic data parameter over a period of time, storing the plurality of individual readings, determining the average of at least a portion of the plurality of individual readings, and comparing at least one individual reading to the average to identify any differences between the average and the at least one individual reading.

The invention discloses a testing device and a testing device method for simulating collapse of tunnel surrounding rock under conditions of rainfall and underground water seepage. The testing device comprises a model testing box, a rainfall adjustable simulating system, an underground water seepage simulating system, an underground water supplying system, a water content testing system, a stress monitoring system, a digital radiography noncontact measuring system and an optical fiber bragg grating displacement monitoring system. By simulating a progressive failure process of tunnel weak broken surrounding rock under the action of seepage of surface water and underground water, mechanical behaviors of crushing the surrounding rock under different rainfall conditions and different underground water seepage path conditions are quantitatively researched. By obtaining multiple-physical field information in a tunnel surrounding rock collapse process, multi-information features in different evolutionary phases and internal links of information of all fields of the collapse are analyzed, a progressive failure process and fracture morphology and ranges of the tunnel weak broken surrounding rock under different factors are determined, and the effective basis is provided for disclosing a progressive failure principle and a dynamic pressure arch effect of the weak broken surrounding rock under conditions of rainfall and underground water seepage.

A comprehensive monitoring system for a side slope and a landslip is capable of comprehensively monitoring surface displacement and depth displacement of a slope body, soil pressure of a retaining structure, and internal force of an anchoring structure, and realizing high-efficient acquisition and automation treatment of data. The comprehensive monitoring system for the side slope and the landslip comprises a side slope surface displacement monitoring unit, a side slope supporting structure stress monitoring unit, a side slope interior deformation monitoring unit and a data acquisition and transmission device, wherein the side slope surface displacement monitoring unit is arranged on a side slope surface and adopts a stay cord type fiber bragg grating displacement sensor; and two ends of the side slope surface displacement monitoring unit are respectively fixed on the side slope surface and the top of a slope body retaining structure; the side slope supporting structure stress monitoring unit consists of fiber bragg grating pressure boxes vertically embedded on the back of the slope body retaining structure at intervals, and a fiber bragg grating force gauge arranged on a slope body anchoring component; the side slope interior deformation monitoring unit is a fiber bragg grating intelligent anchoring rod embedded in the slope body by drilling a hole; and the data acquisition and transmission device consists of a multi-channel wavelength demodulator and a monitoring computer.

The invention discloses a roadway surrounding rock stress monitoring device based on fiber bragg grating sensing. Grooves are symmetrically carved in a metal rod along the axial center, an FBG set is fixedly installed inside each groove, FBGs serve as sensitive elements, when roadway surrounding rock is deformed, the stress of the surrounding rock will be changed, therefore, force is generated through the metal rod, surface micro-deformation is generated, the grating distances of the FBGs attached to the metal rod are changed along with the metal rod, the center reflection wavelength of the FBGs can be caused to generate drifting, wavelength signals are demodulated into electrical signals through an FBG interrogator, and the stress situations of different sites can be obtained. The roadway surrounding rock stress monitoring device has the advantages that installation is easily achieved, and the roadway surrounding rock stress monitoring device is suitable for wide popularization; power is not required to be supplied to the working face end, and site safety is guaranteed; all-optical measurement and fiber transmission are adopted, and influences of electromagnetic interference are effectively avoided; the temperature error is compensated, and the accuracy is improved; the surrounding rock stress monitoring results can be timely and accurately provided, and guidance on site production and scientific research is facilitated.

The invention discloses a multi-parameter integrated monitoring and early-warning method for an excavation working face, and belongs to the field of coal mine dynamic disaster monitoring and early-warning. The method comprises the steps that 1, partitioned monitoring is performed on the excavation working face; 2, at least two of a coal bed stress monitoring system, a ground sound and microquake monitoring system and an anchor rod and anchor cable stress monitoring system are arranged in an excavation roadway; 4, certain weight is assigned to all monitoring and early-warning indexes, and accumulation is performed to obtain an integrated early-warning index. According to the multi-parameter integrated monitoring and early-warning method for the excavation working face, the thought of partitioned monitoring of the excavation working face is presented according to the excavation working face impact ground pressure occurrence mechanism, coupling is performed on the change conditions of all the monitoring indexes in the different partitions, and the multi-parameter integrated monitoring indexes serve as early-warning parameters to achieve integrated early-warning of the impact dangerousness of the excavation working face; the problem that in the prior art, the purpose of predicting the impact ground pressure dangerousness of the excavation working face only depending on a single-index monitoring method for the impact ground pressure of the excavation working face cannot be achieved is solved.

The invention discloses a debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system and a debris flow early warning system. The debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system and the debris flow early warning system aim at overcoming the defects on debris flow occurrence early warning in the prior art. The debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system utilizes a total stress monitoring value P and a flow debris flow depth monitoring value h which are obtained on a monitoring section D to calculate the volume weight gamma C and the mean velocity VC of the monitored debris flow in real time. The optimized design includes that the debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system adjusts monitoring data frequency conversion acquisition and sending in accordance with the flow depth monitoring value h and a flow depth change value delta h. The debris flow early warning system realizes debris flow hazard grading early warning according to the peak flow characteristics of the debris flow and determines the expected time of the occurrence of the debris flow. The debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system can perform real-time and frequency conversion monitoring and sending of characteristic indicators such as the flow depth, the velocity, the peak flow and the volume weight of the debris flow. The debris flow early warning system can realize the analysis of the debris flow mechanical parameter characteristics and the early warning of the occurrence of the debris flow.

A system and method for the intra corporal, measuring of blood pressure includes a substantially rigid sensor structure and an antenna structure, which are separate components. The anchor structure is used to mount the within an appropriate location in the cardiovascular system, such as in the cardiac septum. The substantially rigid sensor structure includes at least one capacitive pressure sensor. Measured values are transmitted telemetrically from the sensor structure to an extra corporal monitoring device.

The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber grating anchor rod group stress monitoring system for a coal mine roadway, and belongs to anchor rod group stress monitoring systems for coal mine roadways. Each of a mining roadway anchor rod support stress monitoring subsystem, an excavation roadway anchor rod support stress monitoring subsystem and a working face open-off cut anchor rod support stress monitoring subsystem comprises one or more monitoring substations; the communication optical fibers of the three subsystems are connected with a mineral transmission optical cable through an optical fiber connecting box; the mineral transmission optical cable is connected with an input port of an optical fiber grating static demodulator; an output port of the optical fiber grating static demodulator is connected with a computer data processing system; processed monitoring data is shared with a ground computer through a server and a coal mine local area network, so that the online real-time anchor rod group stress monitoring system for the coal mine roadway is formed. An anchor rod group stress monitoring network taking anchor rods as sensing media and optical fibers as transmission carriers adopts a tandem structure; the anchor group stress is measured in a distributed way; the mounting operation is convenient; the labor, the time and the effort are saved; the monitoring expense is reduced.

A multipoint coal and rock mass stress real-time monitoring device. The device is composed of a plurality of capsule pressure sensors (1), connection rods (2), three-way valves (3), a multichannel monitor (4), a multichannel control valve (5), first high-pressure oil pipes (6), second high-pressure oil pipes (7), third high-pressure oil pipes (8), a four high-pressure oil pipe (9), a high-pressure oil pump (10) and monitoring substations (11). The present invention also relates to a multipoint coal and rock mass stress real-time monitoring method. Oil is injected into each capsule pressure sensor (1) that is arranged in a drilled hole through the multi-channel control valve (5), so that oil pressure inside each capsule pressure sensor (1) reaches the preset pressure, and the capsule pressure sensors and the coal and rock mass are well coupled; monitoring signals are synchronously collected, converted, stored and displayed by the multichannel monitor (4) or are transferred to a remote monitoring center through the monitoring substations (11). The device and method can be used for coal and rock dynamic disaster monitoring early warning such as coal and rock mass stress monitoring, mine pressure analysis, rock burst and coal and gas rush, and the stress and changes of the stress of multiple measuring points can be measured at the same time in the multiple drilled holes of the coal and rock mass.

A rail stress monitoring system is disclosed. This system includes a sensor module that further includes a sensing device that is adapted to be mountable directly on a length of rail. The sensing device further includes a generally flat metal shim and at least one, and typically two or more, sensors mounted on one side of the shim. The sensors are typically strain gauges, which are mounted on the shim in a specific, predetermined configuration. At least one data acquisition module is in electrical communication with the sensing device and a data processing module receives and processes information gathered by data acquisition module.

The invention belongs to engineering design field and relates a monitoring and early warning method of the stability of a foundation pit supporting structure. The method comprises initial designing of deep foundation pit supporting structure firstly, monitoring of transformation and soil pressure of deep foundation pit supporting structure secondly, determining the risk of instability caused by the displacement of foundation pit excavation parameters thirdly, determining the foundation pit excavation supporting structure coupling monitoring and early warning value fourthly, analyzing and evaluating the stability of the foundation pit supporting structure in the process of excavation according to the foundation pit coupling monitoring and early warning value. The method changes the traditional displacement time-series forecasting method only selecting landslide displacement or displacement rate as the thinking of monitoring and evaluation parameters, the discharging of the excavation of foundation pit and the changing of the dynamic loading values and the foundation pit displacement or displacement rate are synchronization monitored and calculated, and the specific coupling monitoring and early warning value is provided.

The invention discloses a visual physical experimental system and a visual physical experimental method for a rock hydraulic fracturing plane problem. The visual physical experimental system comprisesa crustal stress loading and control system, a hydraulic servo pump pressure system, a crack surface observation system, and an internal deformation and stress monitoring system, wherein the crustalstress loading and control system is used for applying confining pressure to s sample to simulate reservoir crustal stress; the hydraulic servo pumping system is used for pumping fracturing fluid intothe sample; the crack surface observation system is used for monitoring and recording a crack dynamic evolution process in the fracturing process and analyzing and processing the crack evolution process; and the internal deformation and stress monitoring system is used for monitoring an induced stress evolution rule and sample deformation characteristics in the sample in the hydraulic fracture propagation process. The visual physical experimental system and the visual physical experimental method can solve the problems existing in the rock hydraulic fracturing physical experiment, and play anirreplaceable important role in discovering a new multi-cluster fracturing phenomenon and revealing the inter-fracture rock mechanical response and competition mechanism.

A chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) system is provided. The CMP system includes a wafer carrier configured to support a wafer during a planarization process, the wafer carrier including a sensor configured to detect a signal indicating a stress being experienced by the wafer during planarization. A computing device in communication with the sensor is included. The computing device is configured to translate the signal to generate a stress map for analysis. A stress relief device responsive to a signal received from the computing device is included. The stress relief device is configured to relieve the stress being experienced by the wafer.

The invention discloses a dynamic monitoring device of the roadway-beside filling body and the tunnel roof of a gob-side entry and an operating method thereof, belonging to the technical field of coal mine roadway monitoring. The monitoring device comprises a cross section monitoring point, a communication substation and a communication master station, wherein, the cross section monitoring point is connected with the communication substation; the communication substation is connected with the communication master station through an underground optical cable; the cross section monitoring point comprises a sinking amount monitoring point, a side-to-side displacement monitoring point, a filling body vertical stress monitoring point and a filling body horizontal stress monitoring point; the sinking amount monitoring point and the side-to-side displacement monitoring point are respectively provided with a KBU101-200 monitor; the KBU101-200 monitors are respectively arranged on a roadway vertical supporting pipe and a horizontal moving pipe; the filling body vertical stress monitoring point and the filling body horizontal stress monitoring point are respectively provided with a pressure sensor; and the pressure sensor is arranged in the roadway-beside filling body. The operating method comprises the following steps: the monitoring signal on each cross section monitoring point is transmitted to a KJF70 communication substation through a 485 bus, and the communication substation surveys each monitoring point at regular time under the control of the communication master station, and stores and analyzes the monitoring data at real time.

An implanted medical device may detect the onset of impaired glucose tolerance or Type II diabetes. The implanted medical device may have additional functionality. For example, the implanted medical device may be a pacemaker or a pressure monitor, but may also monitor insulin-mediated glucose uptake by processing electrical signals from the heart. An implanted medical device that monitors insulin-mediated glucose uptake may be implanted in a patient who has not been diagnosed with impaired glucose tolerance or Type II diabetes, and may give the patient early warning if these conditions develop.

The invention relates to a surrounding rock stress on-line monitoring system and method based on a fiber bragg grating borehole stress meter. A plurality of measurement points are arranged on a surrounding rock, the fiber bragg grating borehole stress meter is installed in a surrounding rock wall drill hole, an optical fiber connector is connected with an optical fiber, and the optical fiber is connected to a mining optical cable, is then directly connected to the ground, and is connected with a fiber bragg grating modulator; an optical signal is modulated to a digital signal by the fiber bragg grating modulator, the digital signal is transmitted to a computer, is monitored in real time and is analyzed and processed, and a surrounding rock axial stress and transverse stress analyzing and processing method is provided under the temperature compensation condition according to grating stress characteristics. The surrounding rock stress on-line monitoring system and method have the advantages that equipment is easy to install, long in service life and suitable for popularization and use; power supply is not needed underground, electrical signals and electronic devices do not exist, and therefore the field is safe; because all-optical measurement and optical fiber transmission are adopted, monitoring precision is greatly improved, and effect of electromagnetic interference can be effectively avoided under complex and poor environment; surrounding rock stress monitoring results can be provided in time and guiding of field production and scientific research work is facilitated.

The invention discloses a heavy-pitch ultra-thick coalbed fully-mechanized caving mining three-dimensional similar material simulation test bed, which solves the problems in the prior art that the two-dimensional similar material for heavy-pitch ultra-thick coalbed is poor in similarity and accuracy. The test bed comprises a test box body, a coalbed mining simulation system, an acoustic transmitting and monitoring system and a stress monitoring system, the coalbed mining simulation system comprises a peristaltic motor and a controller, the peristaltic motor is connected with a metal lock ring on the tail part of a cylindrical medium simulation material in a test box body, a parallelogram jack is respectively formed in a left baffle plate and a right baffle plate of the test box body. By adopting the heavy-pitch ultra-thick coalbed fully-mechanized caving mining three-dimensional similar material simulation test bed, the simulation in a three-dimensional space form can be carried out and is closer to the real situation of the engineering, the moving rule of a overlying strata in the heavy-pitch ultra-thick coalbed fully-mechanized caving mining process, the pressure release rule of a coalbed soleplate and the surface mining settlement rule can be obtained, and theoretical support can be provided for establishing a heavy-pitch ultra-thick coalbed fully-mechanized caving mining technical system.

The invention belongs to the field of power system overhead transmission line tower safety monitoring, and provides a transmission tower online safety monitoring system and method for stress measuring. Firstly, stress sensors are installed on the key parts of a tower, and installation points can be obtained through finite element analysis and load application. Measurement values of the stress sensors are transmitted to a background server through the internet, the background server works out the reliability of each section of main material in real time according to each group of data together with the mean value and the variance of the strength of steel materials, and therefore the overall reliability of the tower can be obtained. The transmission tower online safety monitoring system and method have the following advantages that the problem of real-time tower stress monitoring is solved, and the stress distribution situations of the key parts can be monitored in real time; the safety state of the tower can be estimated in real time and serious accidents such as collapse can be effectively prevented under severe working conditions; research results are wide in application and can be directly applied to various tower shapes.

A method and device for monitoring thermal stress in a user is described. The device is designed to include a material having specific thermodynamic properties and physical dimensions defined as a function of those thermodynamic properties. A system for thermal stress monitoring including a thermal stress monitoring device configured within a garment is also described.

The invention relates to a gas well-drilling erosion experiment method for the field of oil and gas well-drilling, which comprises the following steps: 1 first providing erosion media (including gas, atomizing liquid, foam or aerated mud) through an erosion medium supply system; 2 warming the erosion media through a heating system (the temperature can rise to 120 DEG C), and achieving the goal of imitating a high-temperature environment in a well; 3 monitoring erosion medium parameters (such as foam quality, half-life period, temperature, pressure and density) in real time through a sampler; and 4 finishing an erosion experiment by adjusting a dimension of a nozzle in an erosion system and inclined amplitude of a metal baffle. The gas well-drilling erosion experiment method can provide erosion experiments for imitating various gas well-drilling media, the goal of imitating a high-temperature high-pressure environment in the well can be achieved by temperature and pressure monitoring, fluid erosion speed can be changed by replacing nozzles with different apertures, and an erosion angle can be changed by adjusting inclined amplitude of the metal baffle.

The invention relates to a system and a method for monitoring stress of civil engineering based on a CAN network, belonging to the technical field of civil engineering monitoring. The device comprises a master control computer, a PC-CAN interface module, an acquisition unit and a topology network of a CAN bus, wherein the acquisition unit comprises a microprocessor, a CAN module, a CAN indication setting module, a date and time setting module, a memory extensive module, a wire collecting case, a vibration exciting and pick-up circuit, a shift switch for an analog channel and a power supply management module. The master control computer and the acquisition unit on the CAN network exchange commands and data through the PC-CAN interface module; the acquisition unit receives a command of the master control compute to complete the acquisition of data of a multi-path vibrating wire sensor, and packages the data according to a standard format to be uploaded to the CAN network. The system can acquire the physical quantity of a sub-node distantly, flexibly and reliably. The system and the method can be widely applied to stress monitoring for various civil engineering.

The invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method of roller compacted concrete dam layer characteristics and states. The comprehensive evaluation method comprises the following steps of (1) determining target problem influencing factors and layers, sufficiently considering influencing factors of the roller compacted concrete dam layer characteristics and states in practical engineering, and building a deformation index, transfusion index and stress index layering evaluation system; (2) determining estimation scales, standards and measuring methods of evaluation indexes; (3) building a deformation, transfusion and stress monitoring model for roller compacted concrete dam; (4) adopting a G1 method to empower the evaluation indexes; and (5) conducting comprehensive evaluation on the roller compacted concrete dam layer characteristics and states through cloud model conversion of ground floor evaluation indexes and comprehensive cloud calculation of a last layer indexes. The comprehensive evaluation method is based on a cloud model and uses real time monitoring data of the roller compacted concrete dam to serve as an analysis basis, overcomes the defect that a traditional method can only evaluate certain point or certain time of the roller compacted concrete layer, and achieves dynamic and comprehensive evaluation of the roller compacted concrete dam layer characteristics and states.

The invention discloses an actual-measurement comprehensive evaluation method for impact risk and belongs to the technical field of rock burst disaster prevention and control. During a stress-relieving and danger-demolition process, the impact risk evaluation for items is performed, namely, the actual measured impact risks of drilling detection, electromagnetic radiation monitoring, micro-seismic monitoring, stress monitoring, drilling hole stress-relieving and local dynamic effect are evaluated, and the item with the most serious risk level is taken as a comprehensive impact risk evaluation result. According to the invention, after the sub-item actual-measurement impact risk and the comprehensive impact risk are judged, the parameters of the monitoring and early warning and the stress-relieving and danger-demolition can be adjusted, so that a rock burst controlling measure is more practical and efficient, the rock burst controlling measure is targeted and the impact risk in the impact risk area is really reduced to the lowest; the effect evaluation can be performed on the pre-assessment for the impact risk implemented at an earlier stage; the pre-assessment method can be revised; the reliability of the pre-assessment is enhanced; a guiding function for making the rock burst controlling measure at the earlier stage is achieved.

The present invention discloses an overall roadway displacement and strain stress monitoring device. The overall roadway displacement and strain stress monitoring device is fixed on the surrounding rock of a roadway and comprises three or more detection lines; a steel wire in a rope displacement sensor in each detection line passes through a plurality of stress hanging rings and is terminated at a fixing device; and the rope displacement sensor is connected with a data acquisition device, a data conversion device, a data transmission device and a data processing device sequentially. The invention also provides a monitoring method. According to the monitoring method, initial data are measured; and the strain stress and pressure of different geological formations and engineering reinforcement surrounding rock or channels are calculated through using Hook's law and derivative laws. The overall roadway displacement and strain stress monitoring device has the advantages of simplicity, long service life, high adaptability and high generalization performance. According to the overall roadway displacement and strain stress monitoring device and method of the invention, monitored distances can be changed according to needs, so that the repeated installation of sensors can be avoided. The device is applicable to complex and harsh environments, can improve measuring precision, can measure the deformation condition of a section of the roadway or the whole roadway and can remotely and automatically detect the deformation, convergence and strain stress condition of surrounding rock.

The invention relates to an implantable concrete three-dimensional space stress monitoring sensor, and belongs to the technical field of concrete structure stress monitoring methods. The sensor is characterized in that six outer surfaces of a cubic metal core (1) are symmetrically adhered to three d33 type piezoelectric ceramic plates (3) and three d15 type piezoelectric ceramic plates (4) through AB glue (5), and the six outer surfaces of the cubic metal core (1) and the piezoelectric ceramic plates are coated with high-strength epoxy resin adhesive (6) which is used as insulating layers and waterproof protection layers. A metal protective housing (2) is adhered to the high-strength epoxy resin adhesive (6) layer of each surface of the cubic metal core (1). An end of a three-core shielding wire (7) is welded on the anode and the cathode of the piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the other end is connected with a shielding joint (8). The implantable concrete three-dimensional space stress monitoring sensor can dynamically monitor three-dimensional space stress in a concrete structure, and is small in volume and high in strength. The sensor is characterized by good implantation, good external interference resistance, sensitive dynamic response, and low cost.

The invention relates to the field of civil engineering technology, in particular to a stress monitoring sensor for a connecting bolt of a fiber bragg grating structure and a method. The stress monitoring sensor comprises a plain bolt, implanted grating type force measurement sensors and optical fiber outgoing lines. Slender grooves are formed in the left side and the right side of a screw rod of the plain bolt, the minitype grating type sensors are implanted in the grooves respectively, signals are led out of built-in optical fibers, and the optical fibers are closely attached to the screw rod wall in layout, penetrate through small holes formed in corresponding positions of a screw cap and then are led out of the top surface of the screw cap. The optical fiber outgoing lines can be lengthened at will, so a fiber bragg grating type demodulation device can be conveniently adopted to read data of the sensors remotely, and stress states of the connecting bolt of the fiber bragg grating structure are remotely monitored in real time. The built-in stress monitoring sensor has the advantages of being small in size, waterproof, resistant to corrosion, good in electric insulation property, high in anti-electromagnetic interference capacity, basically the same as the plain bolt after being tooled in appearance, convenient to install, capable of adapting to complex environments and remote signal transmission, good in data stability and capable of achieving remote long-term monitoring.

A stress monitoring device of elasto-magneto-electric (EME) effect type, for monitoring stress of a structural component of ferromagnetic materials, includes a magnetic field generating unit, a magneto-electric (ME) sensing unit, a support skeleton, and a signal controlling and conditioning instrument. Under the control of the signal controlling and conditioning instrument, the magnetic field generating unit generates a magnetic field for magnetizing the structural component. The ME sensing unit outputs an electrical signal VME characterizing the magnetic field without a need of external power supply. This electrical signal VME is analyzed and processed by the signal controlling and conditioning instrument to output a magnetic characteristic value Vst corresponding to the changes of the external forces that are exerted on the component. This stress monitoring device realizes on-line, real-time, and nondestructive monitoring, as well as off-line nondestructive monitoring.