The invention relates to a multi-field coupled coal rock impact loading experimental device and method. The experimental device comprises an axial static pressure loading device, an axial static pressure loading hydraulic oil pump, an axial static pressure oil delivery pipe, an ambient pressure loading hydraulic oil pump, an ambient pressure loading oil delivery pipe, a radial ambient pressure loading device, a gas tank, a gas inlet pipe, a gas pressure regulating valve, an air extracting pump, a gas sensor, a gas outlet pipe, a cold and hot dual-purpose compressor, a servo oil pump and a cold and hot dual-purpose oil delivery pipe. By using the experimental device and method, a coal rock sample can be in a multi-field coupling state and the condition that the coal rock sample is in axial static loading, radial ambient pressure static loading, gas pressure and temperature coupling states, so that an experiment can be carried out aiming to the dynamic loading conditions.