The invention discloses a fire-reconnoitering and fire-extinguishing robot. The fire-reconnoitering and fire-extinguishing robot comprises a caterpillar chassis, a fire-extinguishing water cannon anda reconnoitering mechanism, wherein the fire-extinguishing water cannon and the reconnoitering mechanism are arranged on the caterpillar chassis; the caterpillar chassis is composed of a chassis body,a chassis shell, a suspension cross beam, driving wheels, a driven wheel set, support belt wheel sets, bearing wheel sets, damping plate sets, elastic components, an approach wheel set, tensioning mechanisms, an obstacle avoidance assembly, a warning assembly, a driving assembly, a controller, a wireless transmission assembly, caterpillar assemblies, a dustproof cover plate, searchlights and a lithium battery. Through the fire-reconnoitering and fire-extinguishing robot, the problem of slippage and removal between the driving wheels and the caterpillar is solved; the efficient transmission between the driving wheels and the caterpillar is achieved; the adhesion performance between a suspension system with the caterpillar in the obstacle surmounting process is ensured; the stability of therobot when surmounting the obstacles and climbing can be also improved; the function of tensioning the suspension system on the robot is achieved; the safety and the stability of movement of the robot are further improved; the maintenance difficulty and the usage cost of the robot are reduced.