449 results about "Engine efficiency" patented technology

Cylinder deactivation is a proven solution to improve engine fuel efficiency. The present invention is related to Dynamic Cylinder Deactivation (DCD) solution to conventional internal combustion engine. DCD is an energy saving method based on engine thermodynamics and residual heat recovery. It deactivates all the cylinders within the engine alternatively and dynamically, totally different from traditional sealed-valves cylinder deactivation solutions. DCD has many advantages over traditional sealed-valves cylinder deactivation. Thermodynamic efficiency gain, residual heat recovery, high Lambda and “Air-Hybrid” are the most attractive features of DCD. DCD also makes engine displacement variable.

An object of the present invention is to operate the working machine etc. with satisfactory responsiveness as intended by the operator while enhancing engine efficiency, pump efficiency, and the like, where a first engine target revolution ncom1 adapted to a current pump target discharge flow rate Qsum is set, and when determined that the current pump target discharge flow rate Qsum is greater than a predetermined flow rate (10 (L / min)), a revolution nM (e.g., 1400 rpm) greater than an engine low idle revolution nL is set as a second engine target revolution ncom2 determining that operation levers 41 to 44 switched from a non-operation state to an operation state. The engine revolution is controlled so that the second engine target revolution ncom2 is obtained if the second engine target revolution ncom2 is equal to or greater than the first engine target revolution ncom1.

An engine control device capable of improving engine efficiency by operating the engine in an area where fuel consumption is small (good) while allowing high responsivity of the engine to be maintained. The object can be achieved by operating to match at a point on a target torque line of a torque diagram and operating an electric motor when a matching point moves on the target torque line in a direction in which a load applied to the engine output shaft becomes large.

The invention relates to a dynamic WEB 3D virtual reality scene construction method and system based on model componentization. The system comprises a model component server, a scene editing server, a scene dynamic loading server and a client, wherein models are standardized according to unified standards, after the models are componentized, a component library is formed, and a unified material library is provided for posterior development of 3D virtual reality items; the scene dynamic loading server is used for optimizing display of Web 3D scenes and transmitting dynamic scene model data to a user to be loaded on batches; by receiving the scene analysis result of the scene dynamic loading server, model resources are downloaded by the client in multiple queues according to dynamic loading requirements, and the scenes are rendered according to the priority of scene models and the depending relation between the scene models. After the models are componentized, the models can be multiplexed in the virtual reality items, using redundancy of the models in scene construction is reduced, the 3D engine efficiency and the network transmission efficiency are both promoted, hardware cost for a user to experience 3D virtual reality is reduced, and user experience is improved.

High vehicle fuel efficiency is achieved by reducing fuel consumption during driving both in the city and on the highway. During driving in the city, the system accumulates the energy derived from vehicle motion during braking, and uses it to assist in vehicle propulsion at a later time. The energy can be stored either in a compressed-air reservoir or in an electric battery. During cruising on the highway, the engine operates in a two-stage gas-expansion cycle. The engine has primary and secondary cylinders. Only primary cylinders operate in internal-combustion mode. After expansion in primary cylinders, combustion gas is subjected to a second stage of expansion in secondary cylinders. This substantially improves the engine efficiency. Whenever heavy engine load is needed, all cylinders operate in internal-combustion mode.

A method for improving operation of a turbocharged engine is presented. In one embodiment, the method may reduce engine emissions and improve engine efficiency during an engine start.

The invention is directed toward methods for operating a series hybrid vehicle in a manner that responds to the operator's demand for power output, while maximizing engine efficiency and minimizing disruptions in vehicle drivability. According to principles of the present invention, when the driver of a series hybrid vehicle makes a demand for power output, whether the secondary power source(s) is supplied with secondary energy stored in an energy storage device(s), direct input energy generated by an engine(s), or both, depends on the amount of available secondary energy stored in the vehicle's secondary storage device(s) alone, and in combination with vehicle speed. During the time that the engine is used to generate secondary energy, the power efficiency level at which the engine is operated also depends on the vehicle speed and the amount of available secondary energy stored in the vehicle's secondary storage device alone, and in combination with vehicle speed. Further, in some embodiments, when the engine is not generating secondary energy, the engine is selectively turned off or idled in response to various operating conditions.

The invention is directed toward methods for operating a parallel hybrid vehicle in a manner that responds to the operator's demand for power output, while maximizing engine efficiency and minimizing disruptions in vehicle drivability. According to principles of the present invention, when the driver of a hybrid vehicle makes a demand for power output immediately after a braking event, the power provided to meet the initial demand is from either an ICE or a secondary power source. Which power source is used, and when it is engaged and disengaged, depends on various vehicle operating conditions. Also, the ICE is selectively turned off and on in response to various operating conditions.

A fuel delivery system having an electronically controlled throttle valve operatively disposed in an intake manifold. An idle speed control valve is operatively disposed within a bypass gas flow passageway. A control system controls the actuation of both the throttle valve and idle speed control valve to control the delivery of a combustible charge to the internal combustion engine to maximize engine efficiency and minimize noxious emissions.

This invention describes vertical take off and landing (VTOL) propulsion systems that develop a forward flow of air through the air intake ducts during vertical takeoff and landing. This forward air flow in the air intake ducts is developed by a internal duct system, reversing the rotation of the fan, or altering the blade pitch of a variable pitch fan. This invention describes thrust vectoring systems for controlling aircraft direction, attitude, pitch, roll, yaw and rotation during VTOL and forward flight. Rotational nozzles are described to function in a independent but coordinated manner to control the aircraft during VTOL and forward flight. A thrust vectoring variable throat converging diverging exhaust duct nozzle is described. A movable radar absorbing or reflecting grid may be located in the air intake duct. The radar grid is movable to increase aircraft speed and engine efficiency when the aircraft is not operating in a radar threat situation. The described VTOL propulsion systems and thrust vectoring methods are applied to a aircraft with a internal combustion engine.

Disposed at or toward the trailing edge of one or more nozzles associated with a jet engine are injection ports which can selectively be made to discharge a water stream into a nozzle flow stream for the purpose of increasing turbulence in somewhat of a similar fashion as mechanically disposed chevrons have done in the known art. Unlike mechanically disposed chevrons of the known art, the fluid flow may be secured thereby increasing the engine efficiency. Various flow patterns, water pressures, orifice designs or other factors can be made operative to provide desired performance characteristics.

Apart from electrical energy, nowadays the main engines also supply pneumatic and hydraulic energy to the aircraft, using corresponding media. Apart from mechanical disadvantages this results in reduced engine efficiency in relation to thrust, fuel consumption and weight. According to an, embodiment of the present invention an energy supply system for aircraft is provided, comprising a fuel cell arrangement and an electrical energy distribution device. In this way it is possible to replace all the energy generating systems of the engines, which provide energy for the aircraft systems, except for the starter generator, as a result of which the efficiency of the individual engines is improved. Furthermore, the efficiency of onboard energy generation is improved, which in the final analysis results in reduced fuel consumption.

An internal combustion engine capable of cylinder deactivation or skip fire control in combination with variable valve lift control. One bank of cylinders can be deactivated while the air induction of the other bank of cylinders is regulated using variable valve lift control to increase engine efficiency. An internal combustion engine with two cylinder banks, where control of one cylinder bank using skip fire control can be operating at an appropriate firing fraction in combination with variable valve lift control on the other cylinder bank. A single bank of cylinders can be controlled in a skip fire manner in conjunction with variable valve lift control.

The invention relates to a state-of-charge (SOC) control method of a hybrid electric vehicle; the SOC of the battery is divided into different sections; whether power generation / driving are allowed is controlled respectively for different working conditions in different sections; corresponding power generation / driving torque is calculated; the division of different SOC sections can better realize all functions of the hybrid electric vehicle in specific sections and under certain conditions; all power generation / driving functions are permitted in the A section; only regeneration braking is allowed in the B section, and an auxiliary driving to improve the engine efficiency is provided in the B section. The control method can well stable the battery SOC in the preset section, find more reasonable power generation and auxiliary driving chances during vehicle traveling, ensure the vehicle to provide auxiliary driving function stably, improve the performance of the vehicle and reduce the exhaustion.

A combustion system for a gas turbine engine includes a Catalyst (CAT) combustion sub-system for generating combustion products under a lean premixed fuel / air condition in the presence of a Catalyst and a Dry-Low-Emissions (DLE) combustion sub-system, for generating combustion products under a lean premixed fuel / air condition. Gaseous and liquid fuels are used for the DLE combustion sub-system while only gaseous fuel is used for the CAT combustion system. The engine operates at start-up and under low load conditions with the DLE combustion system and switches over the combustion process to the CAT combustion sub-system under high load conditions. Thus the combustion system according to the invention combines the advantages of DLE and CAT combustion processes so that the gas turbine engine operates over an entire operating range thereof at high engine efficiency while minimizing omissions of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide from the engine.

A hydrogen enhanced engine system using high compression ratio is optimized to minimize NOx emissions, exhaust aftertreatment catalyst requirements, hydrogen requirements, engine efficiency and cost. In one mode of operation the engine is operated very lean (equivalence ratio φ=0.4 to 0.7) at lower levels of power. Very lean operation reduces NOx to very low levels. A control system is used to increase equivalence ratio at increased torque or power requirements while avoiding the knock that would be produced by high compression ratio operation. The increased equivalence ratio reduces the amount of hydrogen required to extend the lean limit in order to avoid misfire and increases torque and power. The engine may be naturally aspirated, turbocharged, or supercharged.

A fuel delivery system for an internal combustion engine of the type having an intake manifold selectively fluidly connected to a combustion chamber and a bypass gas flow passageway having an inlet open to the intake manifold and an outlet open to the intake manifold downstream for the inlet is disclosed. The system includes an electronically controlled throttle valve operatively disposed in the intake manifold and movable between an open and a closed position to control air flow through the intake manifold. An idle speed control valve is operatively disposed within the bypass gas flow passageway, and the idle speed control valve is also movable between an open and a closed position to control air flow through the bypass gas flow passageway. A control system controls the actuation of both the throttle valve and idle speed control valve to control the delivery of a combustible charge to the internal combustion engine to maximize engine efficiency and minimize noxious emissions. Optionally, a cold start fuel injector is disposed within the bypass gas flow passageway to provide the fuel charge to the engine during a cold start condition. In an alternate form of the invention, two electronically controlled throttle valves are disposed within the intake manifold to control both the air flow through the intake manifold as well as the air flow through the bypass gas flow passageway.

The invention discloses a small temperature-rise low-entropy mixing combustion engine which comprises a combustion chamber, an expanding agent source and a fuel source, wherein the combustion chamber is arranged as a piston engine combustion chamber and a marine engine combustion chamber; the fuel source is communicated with the combustion chamber through a fuel lead-in control mechanism; the expanding agent source is communicated with the combustion chamber through an expanding agent lead-in control mechanism; and more than 5% of the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel in the fuel source entering the combustion chamber is absorbed by the expanding agent in the expanding agent source in the combustion chamber by virtue of the control of a combustion control device for the fuel lead-in control mechanism and the expanding agent lead-in control mechanism. The small temperature-rise low-entropy mixing combustion engine disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high efficiency and good environmental friendliness.

An electrical power generating system and method wherein a generator is driven by an air-breathing engine. At any operating condition, for a given power output the engine efficiency is substantially optimized by controlling the rate of air flow through the engine in such a manner that the fuel / air ratio is controlled to maintain a high peak temperature imparted to the working fluid in the engine. The method and system of the invention eliminate the need for variable-geometry mechanisms in the engine, and also eliminate the need for variable-geometry combustors and pre-burners. The invention is applicable to various types of air-breathing engines that operate at low fuel / air ratios.

An LNG fuel system for gas turbine engine systems is disclosed that allows more efficient management of cryogenic fuels such as LNG to reduce emissions and improve engine efficiency. In one configuration, an intercooled, recuperated gas turbine engine comprises an LNG tank incorporating a liquid-to-vapor LNG fuel circuit in parallel with a vapor fuel circuit. In a second configuration, an alternate vapor fuel circuit is disclosed. In either configuration, the fuel in the liquid fuel circuit is vaporized and heated by the engine's intercooler or by both the engine's intercooler and / or a heat exchanger on the exhaust. In another configuration, both the fuel in the liquid-to-vapor LNG fuel circuit and the vapor fuel circuit are heated by a heat exchanger on the exhaust.

A method of operating a motor vehicle satellite navigation system using a motor vehicle's structure and characteristic information to calculate a best route to a desired destination. The method includes operating a graphical user interface (GUI), presenting display images for receiving input data for the desired destination and receiving satellite position data, and calculating a current location of the motor vehicle. The GUI presents a display image requesting motor vehicle structure and characteristic information. The method includes calculating and updating current best routes to a desired destination using map and POI databases comprising geographic coordinate grid and point of interest information from the current location and motor vehicle structure and characteristic information. The motor vehicle structure and characteristic information reflects static vehicle structure and characteristics such as size, fuel type, engine efficiency and fuel capacity, and dynamic information such as current fuel level and real-time traffic and road condition information.

Disclosed is a system for operating gas turbine engine bleed valves in response to pressure values within the engine, wherein the engine pressure values are sensed electronically and routed to a programmable logic device, and wherein the programmable logic device control the opening and closing of the bleed valves in a manner that allows for reduced engine vibration with minimal loss of engine efficiency.

An embodiment of the invention is a composition of diesel, biodiesel or blended fuel (DF) with exhaust gas (EG) mixtures or with liquid CO2. The composition is in a liquid state near the supercritical region or a supercritical fluid mixture such that it quasi-instantaneously diffuses into the compressed and hot air as a single and homogeneous supercritical phase upon injection in a combustion chamber. Suitable temperatures and pressures are greater than about 300° C. and 100 bar, and the mole fraction of EG or CO2 (XEG or XCO2) in DF is in the range of 0.0-0.9. In a combustion process embodiment, composition embodiments are injected into a combustion chamber under supercritical conditions. The content of EG or CO2 in DF can be controlled as a function of engine operating parameters such as rpm and load. The thermodynamic and transport properties of supercritical DF-EG or DF-CO2 compositions can be more easily tuned and controlled than subcritical two-phase compositions. Delivery of the DF-EG or DF-CO2 composition into the combustion chamber as a homogeneous isotropic single-phase composition provides a significant increase in engine efficiency. Combustion process and fuel system embodiments of the invention provide an improved composition process with reduced formation of particulate matter (PM), aldehydes, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), CO, NOx, and SOx.

The invention provides a control device of engine, a control device of engine and hydraulic pump, and a control device of engine, hydraulic pump and generator motor. A working machine is operated as intended by an operator with good response and with enhanced engine efficiency, pump efficiency, and the like. A first engine target speed of rotation ncom1 conforming to a current pump target delivery flow rate Qsum is set, and when a decision is made that the current pump target delivery flow rate Qsum is higher than a predetermined flow rate (e.g. 10 (L / min)), a decision is made that operating means (41-44) are switched from nonoperating state to operating state, and a speed of rotation nM (e.g. 1400 rpm) higher than the engine idle speed of rotation nL is set as a second engine target speed of rotation ncom2. If the second engine target speed of rotation ncom2 is higher than the first engine target speed of rotation ncom1, engine speed of rotation is controlled to attain the second engine target speed of rotation ncom2.

Operation of gas turbine engines and in particular gas turbine engines utilised for aircraft, in an efficient manner is a desired objective. Thus engine efficiency is typically determined through use of an engine performance parameter. One such engine performance parameter is with regard to specific fuel consumption. However, such parameters may vary as a result of inherent deterioration with regard to the engine. By utilising a computational model to determine variations in the performance parameter such as the specific fuel consumption changes as a result of such inherent engine degradation can be accommodate. Thus, such degradation may not swamp actual changes in fuel consumption or the engine performance parameter which are indicative of changes of engine efficiency. Generally and initially, computational results are utilised in order to provide a value with regard to degradation changes in the performance parameter, but such changes may be augmented by practical test results in order to tune the off-set constants a, b for an individual engine.

Internal combustion engine and method with compression and expansion chambers of variable volume, a combustion chamber, a variable intake valve for controlling air intake to the compression chamber, a variable outlet valve for controlling communication between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber, means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air which burns and expands in the combustion chamber, a variable inlet valve for controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber, a variable exhaust valve for controlling exhaust flow from the expansion chamber, means for monitoring temperature and pressure conditions, and a computer responsive to the temperature and pressure conditions for controlling opening and closing of the valves and introduction of fuel into to the combustion chamber to optimize engine efficiency over a wide range of engine load conditions. In some disclosed embodiments, the relative volumes of the compression and expansion chambers and the timing of the valves are such that the pressure in the combustion chamber remains substantially constant throughout the operating cycle of the engine, and exhaust pressures are very close to atmospheric pressure regardless of the load on the engine. In others, the temperature within the combustion chamber is maintained at a substantially constant level throughout the operating range of the engine, and the power produced by the engine is determined by the amount of air passing through the engine. The engine runs so quietly and burns so cleanly that in some applications it may not require a muffler and / or a catalytic converter.

Internal combustion engine and method with compression and expansion chambers of variable volume, a combustion chamber, a variable intake valve for controlling air intake to the compression chamber, a variable outlet valve for controlling communication between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber, means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture of fuel and air which burns and expands in the combustion chamber, a variable inlet valve for controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the expansion chamber, a variable exhaust valve for controlling exhaust flow from the expansion chamber, means for monitoring temperature and pressure conditions, and a computer responsive to the temperature and pressure conditions for controlling opening and closing of the valves and introduction of fuel into to the combustion chamber to optimize engine efficiency over a wide range of engine load conditions. The relative volumes of the compression and expansion chambers and the timing of the valves are such that the pressure in the combustion chamber remains substantially constant throughout the operating cycle of the engine, and exhaust pressures are very close to atmospheric pressure regardless of the load on the engine. The engine runs so quietly and burns so cleanly that in some applications it may not require a muffler and / or a catalytic converter.

A drive system with mixed power for car is composed of enigne, front and back wheels, electric accumulator, wheel motors, electric generator, back bridge, and central control unit between front and back wheels. It features its two power sources used to drive the car. Its advantages are high P / C ratio and lower environmental pollution.

A method of using one or more microjets to create and / or control oblique shock waves. The introduction of microjet flow into a supersonic stream creates an oblique shock wave. This wave can be strengthened—by increasing microjet flow rate or the use of many microjets in an array—in order to form an oblique shock. Such an oblique shock can be used to decelerate flow in a jet aircraft engine inlet in a controlled fashion, thus increasing pressure recovery and engine efficiency while reducing flow instability. Adjusting the pressure ratio across the microjet actually alters the angle of the oblique shock. Thus, the use of microjets allows decelerating shock waves in an inlet engine to be properly positioned and controlled. Microjet arrays can also be used to ameliorate shock waves created by external aircraft surfaces, such as sensor pods and weapons. Microjets placed forward of any external protuberance can convert a single substantial shock wave into a series of much milder waves which will not produce unwanted external effects, such as strong sonic booms.