The invention relates to a fertilizer, and particularly relates to a seaweed biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The seaweed biological fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of seaweed, 1-3 parts of hoof and horn meal, 1-4 parts of EM bacteria, 2-3 parts of amino acid powder, 1-4 parts of potassium humate, 12-14 parts of soybean powder, 12-35 parts of vitamin C, 2-6 pats of plant ash, 2-4 parts of Chinese mahonia stem, 4-8 parts of rhizoma smilacis glabrae, 1-3 parts of Chinese honey locust, 2-5 parts of szechwan Chinaberry fruit, 3-5 parts of swamp mahogany leaf, 3-5 parts of asiatic striga herb, 3-6 parts of fructus cnidii, 4-6 parts of chenopodium ambrosioides, 3-8 parts of kaladana and 3-5 parts of astragalus membranaceus. The seaweed biological fertilizer and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that the seaweed biological fertilizer is rich in organic matter, is high in fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio, is long in fertilizer efficiency duration time, is comprehensive in nutrition of the fertilizer, is beneficial to improving the soil, is rapid in assimilation by crops, is convenient to apply, has the living body adjusting functions of the seaweed activity and the biological agent, can effectively enhance the high yield and early ripening of crops, and can improve the disease resistance, and enhance the quality of crops.