33 results about "Carbon density" patented technology

A method of fabricating a silicon single crystal ingot and a method of fabricating a silicon wafer using the ingot, characterized in that: the method is structured in such a manner that the silicon single crystal ingot is pulled up from the silicon fused liquid 7 in which nitrogen N and carbon C are doped in polycrystalline silicon, by using the Czochralski method, and its nitrogen density is 1x1013-5x1015 atoms / cm3, and the carbon density is 5x1015-3x1016 atoms / cm3.

A high quality interface is formed at a low oxygen-carbon density between a substrate and a thin film while preventing heat damage on the substrate and increase of thermal budget. This method includes a step of loading a wafer into a reaction furnace, a step of pretreating the wafer in the reaction furnace, a step of performing a main processing of the pretreated wafer in the reaction furnace, and a step of unloading the wafer from the reaction furnace after the main processing. Hydrogen gas is continuously supplied to the reaction furnace in the period from the end of the pretreating step to the start of the main processing and at least during vacuum-exhausting an interior of the reaction furnace.

The invention provides a method and device for determining TOC content. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a TOC optimally-estimated mineral rock physical model by utilizing data of laboratory-measured X-ray diffraction data, organic carbon density and logging density curve and the like; obtaining accurate TOC distribution on a well through an optimization iteration method; establishing a TOC quantity version by utilizing actually-measured TOC data and an equivalent medium model; determining TOC sensitivity elastic parameters; and finally, carrying out prestack elastic parameter inversion on earthquake reflection gather obtained through OVT region processing. The method and device for determining the TOC content realize the purpose of quantitatively forecasting space distribution of the TOC content by utilizing well-seism integration through statistical fitting, and solve the problem of not high TOC content forecasting result; and through using the laboratory-measured data and the rock physical model effectively, the estimated result is not only matched with the laboratory-measured value at the places of rock samples, but also can predicate the TOC content at the places without sampling points accurately.

The invention discloses a production method of straw carbon. The straw carbon is obtained by performing compression forming on combustible plants such as straws and continuously carbonizing the straws in a carbonizing furnace. The method comprises the following steps: compressing raw materials, putting the compressed raw materials into a circulating feeding device, feeding the raw materials into the carbonizing furnace, adjusting the temperature in the carbonizing furnace, discharging water and tar from the raw materials and gas such as CO generated in a production process, adjusting the temperature in the carbonizing furnace to be 650 DEG C, at the moment, and performing dry distillation on the raw materials at the high temperature to form the carbon; discharging a finished product from the furnace and cooling for later use. According to the method, the circulating feeding device serves as a carrier for feeding the raw materials into the furnace and a carrier for discharging the finished product from the furnace, is capable of feeding the raw materials into the furnace while discharging the finished product, and is cyclically used to ensure the continuous production; a gas decomposition device is capable of decomposing water, steam, combustible gas and the like generated in the carbonizing process of the raw material from the raw materials, and the substances generated in the carbonizing process are discharged from the carbonizing furnace in a heated vaporization manner; the problems of low carbon density and heat value and high rejection rate and cost of an existing product are solved.

The invention discloses a high-space remote sensing estimation method for soil organic carbon density in a desertification region, by optimizing main model parameters in a soil organic carbon densityestimation process, and fusing the advantage of high spatial resolution of GF-1WFV data and the advantage of high temporal resolution of MODIS data, high-space (16m) and high-precision estimation of the organic carbon density of the soil in the desertification region are realized; and by utilizing remote sensing techniques, the problem of soil organic carbon density scale extrapolation can be wellsolved; the spatial heterogeneity of the organic carbon density distribution of the soil in the sand can be reflected more finely; possibility is provided for multi-scale soil respiration long-term quantitative estimation, scientific data reference is provided for land degradation monitoring and evaluation of desertification areas and implementation work of desertification control engineering, and the application capacity of domestic remote sensing data is improved.

The invention relates to an optimal environment variable screening method for time-space dynamic prediction of a soil organic carbon pool. Soil databases in different periods, and dynamic and static environment variable sets are collected and sorted; and according to the timeliness of soil data, an effective time period, namely, "a time slice" for simulating the soil carbon pool is stipulated. Various attribute information of various dynamic and static environment variables is analyzed according to soil organic carbon density information in different landscape areas, so that an analytic hierarchy process and expert knowledge are used for constructing an effective optimal environment variable set in the specific time slice.

The invention discloses a soil organic carbon density spatial heterogeneity-considered Kriging interpolation model. According to the Kriging interpolation model, influences, on common Kriging methods, of low-spatial heterogeneity and spatial abnormal values are reduced by combining land utilization information; and according to different trend term functions, the Kriging interpolation model comprises a virtual variable regression Kriging method, a mean centralized Kriging method and a median centralized Kriging method. By utilizing the model, high-precision SOCD prediction and mapping are realized, and finally, an optimum prediction method and a prediction result thereof are selected according to model evaluation indexes. The reliability, prediction rationality, prediction precision and decision coefficient R2 of the model are remarkably improved; and meanwhile, the model realizes high-precision SOCD spatial mapping, so that significance is provided for realizing precision agriculture and improving the agricultural production efficiency.

The invention relates to a method for calculating wellbore water-holding capacity and formation water saturation in RPM well logging. The method comprises the steps that a regular chart of the changes of the carbon-oxygen ratio along with formation porosity in RPM well logging is obtained only considering the sizes of a wellbore and a casing pipe; a carbon-oxygen ratio calculation formula is obtained according to the sizes of the wellbore and the casing pipe in RPM well logging; the carbon-oxygen ratio in RPM well logging is obtained when water filling is conducted on a wellbore water filling formation and oil filling is conducted on a wellbore water filling formation; the carbon-oxygen ratio in RPM well logging is obtained when oil filling is conducted on a wellbore oil filling formation and water filling is conducted on a wellbore oil filling formation; carbon density and oxygen density of water in the wellbore and carbon density and oxygen density of oil in the wellbore are calculated; the carbon-oxygen ratio in RPM well logging is calculated when influence factors comprise the wellbore, the casing pipe and gravel; the carbon-oxygen ratio in RPM well logging is calculated when the influence factors comprise the wellbore, the casing pipe, the gravel and mud; the carbon-oxygen ratio in RPM well logging is calculated when influence factors comprise the wellbore, the casing pipe, the gravel, the mud and calcium; a cross plot of near-far carbon-oxygen ratio is built; the wellbore water-holding capacity and the formation water saturation are obtained according to the cross plot of the near-far carbon-oxygen ratio.

A method is provided for incorporating zeolite crystals in patterned structures, the zeolite crystals having pores (channels) with an orientation which is defined by the topology of the zeolite crystal type and the geometry of the patterned structure, resulting in pores parallel with the length axis of the patterned structures. The patterned structures may be vias (vertical contacts) and trenches (horizontal lines) in a semiconductor substrate. These zeolite crystals can advantageously be used for dense and aligned nanocarbon growth or in other words growth of carbon nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) within the pores of the zeolite structure. The growth of CNT is achieved within the porous structure of the zeolite crystals whereby the pores can be defined as confined spaces (channels) in nanometer dimensions acting as a micro-reactor for CNT growth. A method for growing carbon nanostructures within zeolite crystals is also provided, by adding, after creation of the zeolite crystals, a novel compound within the porous structure of the zeolite crystals whereby said novel compound is acting as a carbon source to create the carbon nanostructures. The improved growth method gives a significantly higher carbon density (yield) compared to state of the art techniques.

The invention discloses a technique for surface carburization on a mechanic device, which is characterized in including the quality and structure feature of devices that need to be carburized, and the steps of analyzing raw carbon-density distinction of its cross section and designing the carburization technique; shoving, heating, carburizing and supplying carbon on the basis of technological requirements, with technological parameter 780-900 deg., 0.3-1.05CP, 5-20H; quick cooling with a fun or oven based on the technological requirements, after the temperature dropped, quenching and lonnealing and / or power-frequency quenching for one time and checking the ruggedness and / or checking a peeling test with a coupon to said device. The invention is pretty simple, economical, and broad used, available to heavy and large parts with different material qualities and degrees of decarburization, explored a new approach to healings qualities of large equipment.

A high quality interface is formed at a low oxygen-carbon density between a substrate and a thin film while preventing heat damage on the substrate and increase of thermal budget. This method includes a step of loading a wafer into a reaction furnace, a step of pretreating the wafer in the reaction furnace, a step of performing a main processing of the pretreated wafer in the reaction furnace, and a step of unloading the wafer from the reaction furnace after the main processing. Hydrogen gas is continuously supplied to the reaction furnace in the period from the end of the pretreating step to the start of the main processing and at least during vacuum-exhausting an interior of the reaction furnace.

The invention discloses a soil organic carbon spatial-temporal variation and carbon sequestration potential estimation method and system. The method comprises the steps that soil census data in a predetermined area is collected for several times; establishing a semi-variance function theoretical model, wherein the semi-variance function theoretical model is used for reflecting the spatial-temporal variation of the organic carbon content; acquiring organic carbon density and reserve change data of each time of soil census data; establishing an organic carbon balance model of the soil census data; according to the semi-variance function theoretical model, the organic carbon density and reserve change data and the organic carbon balance model, organic carbon spatial-temporal variation and carbon sequestration potential estimation data of the soil are obtained, and soil organic carbon spatial-temporal variation and carbon sequestration potential estimation is completed. According to the method, the spatial and temporal distribution rule of the soil fertility can be accurately ascertained, the soil carbon sequestration potential is accurately evaluated, and a theoretical basis is laid for soil conservation and sustainable and efficient utilization.

The invention provides a PC / ABS (polycarbonate / acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) composition with low smoke density and a preparation method thereof. The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 to 80 parts of PC resin; 10 to 40 parts of ABS resin; 5 to 10 parts of porous ceramic; 0.1 to 1 part of an antioxidant; and 0.1 to 1 part of a lubricant. Due to the fact that the carbon density of PC is very high, PC / ABS can generate some unsaturated carbides and form dense smoke during combustion, compared with the prior art, according to the low-smoke-density PC / ABS composition; due to the fact that the porous ceramic component is added, the obvious smoke suppression effect is achieved, the porous structure can adsorb most dense smoke released during PC / ABS combustion, wherein the smoke density is reduced, and the effect is remarkable.

The invention discloses a method for producing environment-friendly coal from straws. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing raw materials, grinding, primarily forming, pre-heating, grinding again, heating, activating, cooling, sieving and packaging. The invention has the benefits that the method effectively prevents excessive carbonization, increases carbon density and reduces defective rate; and the coal product is characterized in having a smooth surface and being not liable to fracture and uniformly carbonized. The method utilizes waste straws in rural areas to produce straw-derived coal, so as to achieve the purpose of turning waste into treasure, prevent environmental pollution and save resources.

The invention discloses a method for estimating the soil organic carbon in a karst area. The method comprises the steps of: 1, establishing an estimation model of the soil organic carbon in the karstarea; 2, modifying the soil depth; 3, deducting the bedrock exposing rate of different types of soil and positive and negative landforms; 4, modifying soil organic carbon density (SOCD) estimating formulas of the different types of soil and the positive and negative landforms; and 5, modifying a soil organic carbon storage (SOCS) estimating method. The method has the beneficial effects that the technical problems that the carbon content of karst soil carbon pools is significantly higher than the actual situation, the calculation error is large and the like during the soil organic carbon calculation in the karst area in the prior art are solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of environment detection, in particular to a coastal zone resource environment bearing capacity evaluation method based on ecological system functions. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring water resource data, soil data, topographic data and covering data of a target area; obtaining an index factor according to the water resource data, the soil data, the topographic data and a corresponding index factor algorithm; according to the index factor and a soil conservation index algorithm, obtaining a soil conservation index of the target area; according to the coating data and a preset corresponding relation between the coating and the carbon density, obtaining the carbon density of the target area, and according to the carbon density and a carbon sequestration index algorithm, obtaining a carbon sequestration index of the target area; according to the water resource data, the soil data, the covering data and a corresponding ecological index algorithm, obtaining an ecological index of the target area; and obtaining an ecological service index of the target area according to the processed soil retention amount index, the carbon sequestration amount index, the ecological index and an ecological service index algorithm.

The invention relates to a process for extracting gold from gold ore containing copper by using ammonia, cyanide and carbon. The process sequentially comprises the following steps: smashing, grinding and thickening, i.e. smashing and grinding the gold ore containing copper until the ground gold ore containing copper with grain size of -0.075 mm accounts for 80-95% and then thickening to obtain thickened ore slurry, wherein the concentration is controlled at 35-48%; extracting while inhibiting copper extraction, i.e. adding lime milk, ammonium salt and sodium cyanide in the thickened ore slurry and extracting while inhibiting copper extraction for 12-36 hours while controlling the pH value at 7-11, the total ammonia concentration at 200-1000 ppm and the total cyanide concentration at 20-500 ppm to obtain extraction ore slurry; carrying out carbon extraction on the extraction core slurry for 24-48 hours while controlling the carbon density at 10-30 g / L to obtain gold loaded carbon with high copper content and tailings; and decoppering and extracting gold, i.e. adding sodium cyanide with the concentration of 3-20% to the gold loaded carbon with high copper content according to the liquid-carbon ratio of (3-10) to 1, decoppering for 10-48 hours to obtain decoppered gold loaded carbon and decoppered cyanide solution, carrying out high-temperature non-cyanide desorption and electro winning, purification and ingot making on the decoppered gold loaded carbon to produce gold ingots, and recycling tailing water and decoppered cyanide solution. The process for extracting gold from gold ore containing copper by using ammonia, cyanide and carbon disclosed by the invention has the advantages of short process flow, small investment, low operation and control difficulty, small consumption of reagents, low production cost and the like, and is suitably applied to difficultly-beneficiated-and-smelted gold ore containing copper, and the influence of copper on gold extraction procedures is thoroughly overcome.

The present invention is a method of film deposition that comprises a film-depositing step of supplying a high-melting-point organometallic material gas and a nitrogen-containing gas to a processing vessel that can be evacuated, so as to deposit a thin film of a metallic compound of a high-melting-point metal on a surface of an object to be processed placed in the processing vessel. A partial pressure of the nitrogen-containing gas during the film-depositing step is 17% or lower, in order to increase carbon density contained in the thin film.

A negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery comprising a material mixture layer comprising a carbonaceous material comprising a spherical natural graphite and a graphitized carbon fiber, wherein the material mixture layer has a carbon density of not less than 1.6 g / cm3; the spherical natural graphite has: (1) an interplanar spacing d002 between the (002) planes determined by an X-ray diffraction pattern of 0.3354 to 0.3357 nm, (2) a mean particle circularity of not less than 0.86, and (3) a mean particle size of 5 to 20 μm; the graphitized carbon fiber has: (1) a mean fiber length of 20 to 200 μm, and (2) a mean aspect ratio of 2 to 10; and the amount of the graphitized carbon fiber is 50 to 90% by weight of whole of the carbonaceous material.

The invention provides a fire-insulation flame-retardant polyester material and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 33-53 parts of thermoplastic polyester or polyamide, 5-20 parts of thermoplastic special engineering plastic resin, 13-20 parts of a flame retardant, 3-8 parts of a flame retardant synergist 1, 0-5 parts of a flame retardant synergist 2, 10-30 parts of a filler, 0.1-0.8 part of an antioxidant and 0.2-1 part of a lubricant. The method for preparing the polyester material is simple and easy to implement, the characteristics that the polyester / polyamide material and the special engineering plastic are high in melting point, and the glass fibers form a penetrating network to support polymer melt are utilized, and the supporting material cannot collapse in the combustion process to form through holes to be burnt through; and the special engineering plastic has high carbon forming rate, and the flame-retardant synergists are added, so that the carbon forming density can be further improved. The material can form carbon in time in the continuous combustion process of a workpiece made of the material, so that the original workpiece form is maintained, the workpiece is not burnt through, and a fire insulation effect is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly preparing carbon / carbon composite materials with high thermal conductivity. Water and a dispersant are uniformly stirred according to a mass percentage of 100: (0.1-0.5), and then 10-60wt of water is added .% of the mesophase pitch-based chopped carbon fiber is mixed, and ultrasonic vibration is used to promote the dispersion of the fiber; the prepared chopped carbon fiber aqueous solution is poured into a graphite mold and placed below 0°C to freeze into a solid block, and the moisture is removed by freeze-drying And the porosity in the chopped carbon fiber reinforcement is reduced by pressure forming; the prepared chopped carbon fiber reinforcement is repeatedly impregnated with pitch-carbonization, and subjected to high-temperature graphitization treatment to obtain a carbon / carbon composite material with high thermal conductivity. The raw materials involved in the present invention are easy to obtain, the process is simple, the production cycle is short, and the production cost is low. The density and thermal conductivity of the prepared carbon / carbon composite material are high, and the thermal conductivity in the vertical pressure forming direction at room temperature is 322- 368W / m×K, significantly higher than traditional heat dissipation materials such as aluminum and copper.