The invention discloses an oily water layer recognition method and device. The method comprises the following steps: analyzing main influencing factors of the well log response characteristic of a reservoir bed; reading well log response characteristic values of a well log interpretation layer corresponding to a test oil layer, and integrating and processing the well log response characteristic values according to the main influencing factors; calibrating the reservoir bed and a non-reservoir bed according to a physical property cross plot and a lithologic character cross plot; recognizing a typical hydrocarbon zone by utilizing an electrical property cross plot and the lithologic character cross plot; eliminating a water layer by using a resistivity ratio and the physical property cross plot; and judging whether an atypical oil layer and an oily water layer are the same layer by utilizing the apparent formation water resistivity and a lithologic character index cross plot. According to the method and device, conventional well log information is mainly utilized, cross plot techniques capable of reflecting cause factors are respectively adopted according to different causes so as to manufacture oily water layer recognition layouts, the main influencing factors of an upper grade are gradually weakened, and the main influencing factors of a next grade are highlighted, so that the oil layer, the oily water layer and the water layer and the like are respectively separated out from different cross plot layouts, thus realizing accurate recognition of the oily water layer under a bad ground condition.