112 results about "Soil respiration" patented technology

The utility model relates to an in-situ automatic measurement method of CO2 of a root system. Gas sampling tubes are buried layer by layer at desired depths in the soil, a surface soil respiration chamber is mounted on the surface of the soil at the upper part, a solenoid pilot valve and a suction pump are controlled by a single chip microcomputer, and the gases extracted in all the layers are delivered to a CO2 analyzer for measurement respectively, so as to achieve the purpose of automatically measuring and recording the respiration at different measurement points by use of one infrared CO2analyzer. Eleven measuring pipes for sample collection can be connected into the method at the same time and an auxiliary environmental sensor can also be connected into the method at the same time, so as to enable the researcher to analyze the correlation of data. The single chip microcomputer stores the collected data in a chip of a memory unit, so as to provide convenience to the researcher during the multi-stage data analysis. The gas samples are divided into two groups, so as to achieve the purpose of long-term automatic comparative test in the two groups. Therefore, the method is widelyused for dynamically monitoring the respiration of the root system of a wild plant, and has the advantages of good uniformity of data and low investment in equipment.

The invention provides a method and a device for measuring photosynthesis, breath and transpiration of a plant canopy or/and breath and evaporation of soil. The device is formed by assembling a box base, three boxes (a light box, a dark box and a bare box), a multichannel magnetic valve, an infrared gas analyzer, a data collector, a temperature sensor, a baroceptor and an air pump. The invention can be used for measuring population photosynthesis-breath-evaporation and breath-evaporation of various plants, such as farmland, lawns, bushes, and the like and observing photosynthesis, breath and transpiration of plants and breath and transpiration of soil at the same place and the same time, and can realize the continuous observation and scientific split of various components.

The invention relates to a bamboo forest carbon sequestration capacity measuring and carbon sequestration capacity improving fertilizer preparation method, which comprises the following six steps: 1, test design: selecting a bamboo forest sample plot, setting and processing a test area, then sampling, determining and computing; measurement and computation of annual respiration carbon emission amount of bamboo forest: measuring soil respiration rate, computing greenhouse gas CO2 emission flux and CO2 emission amount in soil annular accumulated respiration and determining no-root respiration soil CO2 emission amount; 3, measurement and estimation of bamboo forest vegetation carbon storage; 4, measurement and computation of soil carbon storage; 5, computation of bamboo forest annual net carbon fixation amount; and 6, optimum fertilizer preparation for improving bamboo forest carbon sequestration capacity. Through fertilizer application according to the optimum fertilizer preparation scheme obtained in the method disclosed by the invention, the carbon sequestration capacity of the bamboo forest can be obviously improved, and the invention provides an effective and feasible novel scheme for solving the greenhouse effect caused by the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration.

The invention relates to a pipeline irrigation oxygenation controller which is designed by utilizing a venturi tube principle. The pipeline irrigation oxygenation controller is provided with a water pipe, wherein a venturi tube section is arranged at the middle part of the water pipe, a one-way air inlet pipe is connected to the lateral wall at the neck mouth of the venturi tube section, a filtering membrane is arranged at an air inlet of the air inlet pipe, and an air regulating valve is arranged at the tail end of the air inlet of the air inlet pipe. The controller can automatically add oxygen (gas) into the water pipe according to the velocity of water flow in the pipeline, enables the oxygen to enter the root part of crops along with water flow, effectively prevents the generation of root oxygen deficiency of crops and increases soil respiration. The invention has low manufacturing cost, scientific and reasonable structure, and convenient operation and use, is suitable for crops in greenhouses, vinyl houses and land fields which adopt different pipe diameters of subsurface drip irrigation devices, membrane drip irrigation devices, infiltrating irrigation devices, and the like and also suitable for fishpond oxygenation, and can implement accurate irrigation and improve energy-saving and water-saving effects as well as the yield and the quality of crops.

The invention belongs to an analog system device used to detect crop rhizosphere respiration and mark plant in the agricultural production technical field. The invention, which improves the prior analog system device used to detect crop rhizosphere respiration and mark plant, consists of a PVC pot 2, a transparent outer box 3, a water tank 4, a gas sampling box 6, a sampling plug 7, an isolation pipe 9 and a gas injection plug 10; meanwhile, the invention improves detection precision and increases detection efficiency; moreover, during collecting soil respiration gas sample, the invention can complete <13> C mark on the aboveground part of crop, thereby integrating gas-collecting process and marking process; thus, the invention can finally obtain detection result of high precision to meet the requirements of scientific research better.

The invention relates to a device for determining a soil breathing rate in a laboratory and a method for determining the soil breathing rate, and in particular relates to a device for determining the breathing rate of the soil and a method for determining the soil breathing rate by utilizing the device, and the device and the method are used for solving the problems that the existing device for determining the soil breathing rate that time is wasted in operation and the standard error is large. The device consists of a culture device and an absorption device, wherein the culture device consists of a culture bottle and a rubber plug, the absorption device consists of an absorption bottle and a rubber plug, the culture bottle is connected with the absorption bottle by virtue of an inner ground branch pipe and an outer ground branch pipe, and the outer ground branch pipe is inserted into the inner ground branch pipe to form the closed connection. The application method comprises the following steps: I, preparing a solution; II, preparing the device; III, culturing; IV, determining the soil breathing rate; V, re-culturing; VI, re-determining the soil breathing rate, and repeating the steps V and VI for 17 to 56 times to complete the determination. The device and the method are applied to the field of the laboratory analysis.

The present invention relates to the research of tree metabolism activity, and is especially the method of measuring tree trunk. One connecting ring is used with one end set on the surface of tree trunk and the other end connected horizontally with the soil breath air chamber. The soil breath air chamber is connected with the connecting ring via sealing sponge cushion hermetically, and the tree trunk is connected to the connecting ring with waterproof sealing silicone glue. The method is simple, precise, short in measuring period, flexible and suitable for field measurement and needs no special tree trunk breath measuring device.

The invention relates to an experimental device and an experimental method for determining the soil respiration action in a drying process. The experimental device comprises a base plate, a transparent sealing cover, a silica gel drier, and a CO2 absorption bottle, and the transparent sealing cover is covered on the base plate; the center of the upper surface of the transparent sealing cover is provided with an air pumping/discharging port; the silica gel drier is suspended below the air pumping/discharging port; and the CO2 absorption bottle is arranged near the side of the base plate. The experimental method comprises the following steps of: placing experimental soil on the base plate, and filling a NaOH solution in the CO2 absorption bottle; covering the transparent sealing cover, and pumping by using a manual air pump; dripping a BaCl2 solution into the CO2 absorption bottle by using a pinhole injector; quickly taking the fixed absorption liquid and filtering, and dripping the unreacted NaOH solution by using HCL and taking phenolphthalein as an indicator; and calculating the amount of CO2 produced under the soil respiration action according to the amount of the reacted NaOH. The experimental method is easy and practicable, reduces equipment cost and is more suitable for small-scale test research of a laboratory.

The invention relates to an in-situ measurement device for measuring plant root respiration. The device consists of a soil carbon flux measurement system, a root box, a pipeline system and fine sand, wherein the soil carbon flux measurement system is connected with the root box through a gas sampling inlet hose and a gas sampling outlet hose; the fine sand is filled in one third part from the bottom in the root box; a root implantation hole, a gas inlet tube hole, a moisture complement tube hole and a gas sampling inlet hose hole are formed from bottom to top in the side wall, close to the bottom, of the root box; the pipeline system consists of a gas inlet tube, a moisture complement tube, the gas sampling inlet hose, an exhaust tube and the gas sampling outlet hose; and the exhaust device is an electric exhaust pump or a large-capacity work drum. By virtue of the device, a root system can be separately isolated, so that the living activity of the root system is ensured, the precise research on the root respiration and the relationship between the root respiration and soil respiration is facilitated, and the observation is facilitated. The device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and convenient to popularize and use.

The invention discloses a high-space remote sensing estimation method for soil organic carbon density in a desertification region, by optimizing main model parameters in a soil organic carbon densityestimation process, and fusing the advantage of high spatial resolution of GF-1WFV data and the advantage of high temporal resolution of MODIS data, high-space (16m) and high-precision estimation of the organic carbon density of the soil in the desertification region are realized; and by utilizing remote sensing techniques, the problem of soil organic carbon density scale extrapolation can be wellsolved; the spatial heterogeneity of the organic carbon density distribution of the soil in the sand can be reflected more finely; possibility is provided for multi-scale soil respiration long-term quantitative estimation, scientific data reference is provided for land degradation monitoring and evaluation of desertification areas and implementation work of desertification control engineering, and the application capacity of domestic remote sensing data is improved.

The invention provides a device for determining soil respiration and carbon isotopes. The device comprises an air suction pipeline, a carbon dioxide filter, a soil air chamber and a carbon isotope analyzer. An air inlet hole of the carbon dioxide filter is connected with the air suction pipeline. An air outlet hole of the carbon dioxide filter is connected with the soil air chamber. The soil air chamber is connected with the carbon isotope analyzer through an air path pipeline. The invention further provides a method applying the device for determining soil respiration and carbon isotopes. The device is arranged on a sample plot for directly obtaining soil respiration data, sampling is not needed back to a laboratory, no damage is caused to plants, and the device is rapid and convenient to use; the adopted device can achieve measurement in the day, at night and when it rains, and complete tree respiration information within one season and one year can be obtained.

A soil respiration measurement cultivation and gas collection device and its measurement method, relating to a soil measurement device and its measurement method, the device comprises a culture bottle, a rubber cap, a narrow neck of a culture bottle, a connecting tube, a culture bottle mouth, and a rubber stopper , two-way valve, gas sampler; the rubber stopper is connected to the top opening of the culture bottle, one end of the communication tube passes through the rubber stopper to connect with the inside of the culture bottle, the other end is connected to the two-way valve, and the rubber cap is connected to the neck of the side wall of the culture bottle , the gas sampler is connected with the two-way valve; the method includes weighing the soil sample, connecting the culture device, covering the rubber stopper, installing the connecting pipe, carrying out airtight culture, gas collection, and measuring CO in the gas. ₂ Content; re-cultivation, soil respiration intensity measurement. The design of the whole device of the present invention is simple; the loss caused by steps such as pipetting and titration in the traditional method and the test operation error are avoided in the process of measuring the respiratory intensity of the method, and the measured data is reliable.

The invention discloses a device and a method for dynamically and continuously measuring soil respiration rate and isotope composition by adopting a large sample. According to the invention, an air pump is used for driving air to pass through a soda lime column and an air filter so as to produce clean CO2-free air, and the clean CO2-free air is used for steadily carrying CO2 produced by soil respiration to dynamically enter a detection device, so as to achieve dynamic and continuous measuring, and therefore, the detection efficiency is improved; and meanwhile, a plurality of vertically-arranged cylindrical culture tubes with openings at two ends are designed as soil culture tubes, and when in detection, culture soil is filled to reach 1/2 to 3/4 of the volume of the soil culture tube, so that the soil weight of each soil culture tube is 100-500g, and the clean CO2-free air enters from the lower end of the soil culture tube and flows out from the upper end of the soil culture tube, thus realizing detection on large samples, and improving the accuracy and the representativeness of detection data.

The invention provides a forest ecological system respiration carbon flux determination method, which comprises the following steps of obtaining the concentration of atmosphere CO2 at different heights in a target forest layer in the preset time period and the delta 13C isotope value in the atmosphere CO2; obtaining the forest ecological system respiration delta 13C isotope value according to the concentration of atmosphere CO2 and the delta 13C isotope value; obtaining the delta 13C isotope value in the CO2 generated by respiration of tree branches to be tested in the target forest in the preset time period and the delta 13C isotope value in the CO2 generated by respiration of soil; determining the proportion relationship of each respiration ingredient in the forest ecological system according to the obtained delta 13C isotope value in the CO2 generated by respiration of tree branches to be tested and the delta 13C isotope value in the CO2 generated by respiration of soil; obtaining the carbon flux of the soil to be tested; substituting the obtained carbon flux of the soil to be tested into the proportion relationship of each respiration in the forest ecological system; obtaining the forest ecological system respiration carbon flux. The carbon flux change of the atmosphere and the plants can be precisely measured in the forest ecological system under the complicated terrain conditions.

The invention relates to an indirect determination method of forest soil respiration, which comprises the following five steps: 1) selecting sample points; 2) sampling soil samples; 3) determining the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil; 4) establishing the linear relation, wherein the linear relation functional expression between the soil respiration and the DOC is that: Y is equal to 0.003X plus 0.1266; and 5) actually measuring the forest soil respiration quantity, substituting the content of the DOC (unit: mg/kg) in the forest soil to be measured into the functional expression in the step 4) as X, and calculating Y which is the quantity of carbon dioxide released from the soil respiration, wherein the unit is g/m<2>/h. The method can calculate the forest soil respiration quantity by determining the dissolved organic carbon in the soil; compared with the static chamber method, the method can reduce the field workload, reduce the determination cost, be capable of carrying out batch analysis, improve the determination working efficiency, realize a small range of numerical errors and have good reliability.

The invention discloses a method for estimating the total amount of carbon released through soil respiration. The method comprises steps as follows: (a), establishing of estimation models: a test area is selected, the soil respiration rates in the test area at different time points in a reference time period are measured respectively, and the total amount of carbon released through soil respiration in the time period corresponding to each time point is calculated; the time period corresponding to each time point and the corresponding soil respiration rate are subjected to fitting, and a fitted curve equation 1 is acquired; the soil respiration rates and the total amount of carbon released through soil respiration are subjected to fitting, and a fitted curve equation 2 is acquired; the two equations are the estimation models; (b), the total amount of carbon released through soil respiration under the same condition during establishing of the models is calculated by utilizing the estimation models. The method for rapidly estimating the total amount of carbon released through soil respiration is convenient to operate and a reference function is provided for calculation of carbon balance and estimation of carbon emission of a region.

The invention relates to the field of accurate farming management, and discloses a method for constructing a greenhouse carbon dioxide concentration prediction model in the sunny days of the winter. The temperature and CO2 concentration data of a greenhouse are acquired at the same time interval so as to acquire the time sequence data of the temperature and the CO2 concentration; the time sequence data are segmented and a part of data RA are randomly selected out of the time sequence data for modeling, and the remaining data RB are used for detecting the model; data sets A and B are constructed by using a sliding time window according to RA and RB; a temperature dynamic change prediction model M1 is constructed according to A; a crop aerobic respiration and soil respiration carbon dioxide release rate prediction model M2 is constructed according to A and M1; a crop net photosynthesis carbon dioxide consumption rate prediction model M3 is constructed according to A and M2; and the greenhouse carbon dioxide concentration prediction model M4 in the sunny days of the winter is constructed according to M1, M2 and M3. According to the method for constructing the greenhouse carbon dioxide concentration prediction model in the sunny days of the winter according to the environmental meteorological factors only, the model universality is great and the prediction accuracy is high.

The invention provides an open type multi-air-chamber method soil respiration value monitoring method. The method comprises the steps: selecting a stable and continuous soil carbon dioxide concentration time sequence according to the Fick second law; substituting the soil carbon dioxide concentration time sequence value into a Fick first law to calculate a soil carbon flux value changing with time, and then utilizing wavelet packet transformation to obtain a soil carbon flux time sequence with relatively low noise content; according to a calculated signal-to-noise ratio of the carbon dioxide concentration, respectively calculating four closeness degrees of the carbon dioxide concentration, the temperature, the air pressure and the humidity of each air chamber by utilizing a maximum and minimum closeness degree method; and finally obtaining the distribution weight of each air chamber according to the four closeness degrees; multiplying the soil carbon flux time sequence by the distribution weight of each air chamber to carry out weighted fusion to finally obtain a data fusion result, and making a decision according to the weighted fusion result. By means of the method, the soil respiration value at every moment can be accurately obtained, and low-cost soil respiration monitoring is achieved.

The invention relates to a monitoring device for researching a relation between illumination and a soil carbon flux. The monitoring device comprises a base; a monitoring hole is formed in the middle part of the base; a lighttight cover body and a light-transmitting cover body are respectively hinged to positions, located on two sides of the monitoring hole, on the base; the lighttight cover body is driven by a first driving mechanism to do turning motion, so as to close or open the monitoring hole; the light-transmitting cover body is driven by a second driving mechanism to do turning motion,so as to close or open the monitoring hole; and interfaces for mounting monitoring sensors are respectively formed in the lighttight cover body and the light-transmitting cover body. The monitoring device disclosed by the invention can be used for monitoring soil respiration related parameters under a natural environment and can be also used for monitoring soil respiration related parameters undera dark environment; two groups of comparative data are acquired, so as to further research the relation between the illumination and the soil respiration favorably; and the monitoring device has an important significance for pushing the research on the carbon flux of a terrestrial ecosystem.

The invention relates to in-situ monitoring of soil respiration amount and in particular relates to a freeze prevention method for CO2 absorption liquid for in-situ winter soil respiration sample plot monitoring. Freeze prevention liquid is added into the absorption liquid for the in-situ soil respiration amount monitoring; the CO2 absorption liquid for the in-situ winter soil respiration sample plot monitoring can absorb CO2 in a field in a northeast place at the temperature below 0 DEG C. According to the freeze prevention method, anhydrous ethyl alcohol which is low in cost, low in ice point and readily available is used as a freeze prevention agent; the ice point of a mixed solution can be reduced only by adding a certain proportion of the anhydrous ethyl alcohol into the original absorption alkaline liquid, and the CO2 absorption liquid for the in-situ winter soil respiration monitoring can be prevented from being frozen.

The invention relates to a method for measuring respiration, nitrification and denitrification rates of soil in an in-situ manner, and belongs to the technical field of ecological systems. The method includes constructing a closed cavity with built-in in-situ soil columns with the sectional areas S; respectively measuring variable quantities delta N<x>O<y>, delta CO<2, total> and delta O<2, total> of gas N<x>O<y>, gas CO<2> and gas O<2> in the closed cavity in time delta t and respectively computing the denitrification rates v<den> of the soil in a unit area, the respiration rates v<res> of the soil in the unit area and the denitration rates v<nit> of the soil in the unit area by the aid of formulas. The method has the advantage that the respiration, nitrification and denitrification rates of the soil can be simultaneously dynamically measured in flexible time scales in the in-situ manner without disturbing the soil or controlling the temperatures.