2297 results about "Titration" patented technology

An algorithm for measuring the breathing of a patient for diagnosing breathing disorders and for controlling a breathing aid device for treating a patient. Sensors record pressure and flow rates of air delivered to a patient. The data is statistically manipulated to find the start of a breath, the end of a breath, the duration of a breath, the shape of a breath, the volume of a breath, the breathing rates, flow rates, snoring index, flattening index, and other useful data to diagnose and treat a patient. The data is used to diagnose the condition of a patient and to control a breathing aide device for treating a patient at the most optimal pressures and flow rates for the patient's condition. Inspiration and expiration data are tracked separately and compared throughout the algorithm as a check the accuracy of the data manipulation by the algorithm.

Systems and methods provide for detecting respiration disturbances and changes in respiration disturbances, preferably by detecting variability in one or more respiration parameters. Respiration rate variability is determined for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including disease/disorder detection, diagnosis, treatment, and therapy titration. Systems and methods provide for generating a footprint, such as a two- or three-dimensional histogram, representative of a patient's respiration parameter variability, and generating one or more indices representative of quantitative measurements of the footprint.

A pressure support system and method of treating disordered breathing that optimizes the pressure delivered to the patient to treat the disordered breathing while minimizing the delivered pressure for patient comfort. The controller in the pressure support system operates as a set of prioritized control layers, wherein each control layer competes for control of the pressure generating system to implement a unique pressure control process. The pressure support system also controls the pressure provided to the patient based on the variability of the monitored data and a trend analysis of this data, including an indication the skewness of the patient's inspiratory waveform.

Airway monitoring apparatus 30 includes a driver 6 for applying sound in the audible frequency range to the airway of a subject and a detector 7 for monitoring the response of the airway, e.g. by detecting transmitted sound signal components and/or reflected sound signal components. Variations in the detected sound signal, e.g. energy, due to attenuation of the signal, give an indication of the state of the airway, e.g. airway patency, and can be used to monitor sleep-disordered breathing events, such as apnea and hypopnea, and to provide a breathing event index, e.g. AHI. The apparatus may provide servo-control for a respiratory assist device, such as a positive airway pressure device, so as to provide an appropriate pressure level setting. It may allow for home use of such devices and for home titration. It may also assist in discriminating central and obstructive breathing events, and in providing a measure of airway resistance.

The present invention relates to fluidic systems and, in particular, fluidic arrays and methods for using them to promote interaction of materials. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a microfluidic system. The microfluidic system includes a first fluid path and a second fluid path segregated from the first fluid path by a first convection controller at a first contact region, wherein at least one of the first fluid path and the second fluid path has a cross-sectional dimension of less than about 1 millimeter. In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of promoting interaction. In another aspect, the invention relates to a device and method for performing titrations.

The present invention provides improved methods for positioning of an implantable lead in a patient with an integrated EMG and stimulation clinician programmer. The integrated clinician programmer is coupled to the implantable lead, wherein the implantable lead comprises at least four electrodes, and to at least one EMG sensing electrode minimally invasively positioned on a skin surface or within the patient. The method comprises delivering a test stimulation at a stimulation amplitude level from the integrated clinician programmer to a nerve tissue of the patient with a principal electrode of the implantable lead. Test stimulations are delivered at a same stimulation amplitude level for a same period of time sequentially to each of the four electrodes of the implantable lead. A stimulation-induced EMG motor response is recorded with the integrated clinician programmer for each test stimulation on each electrode of the implantable lead via the at least one pair of EMG sensing electrodes so as to facilitate initial positioning of the implantable lead at a target stimulation region.

A cardiac rhythm management (CRM) system provides for post-myocardial infarction (MI) therapy with closed-loop control using one or more ultrasound transducers sensing one or more ultrasound signals indicative of cardiac dimensions. Cardiac size parameters are produced using the one or more ultrasound signals to represent, for example, cardiac chamber diameter, cardiac chamber volume, cardiac wall thickness, infarct size, and degree of change in any of these parameters over time or between measurements. In various embodiments, such cardiac size parameters provide for titration, safety check, and acute optimization of the post-MI therapy.

Described is a system including an air pressure supply arrangement, a sensor and a titration device. The air pressure supply arrangement provides air pressure to a patient's airways. The sensor detects input data corresponding to a patient's breathing patterns of a plurality of breaths. The titration device receives and analyzes the input data to determine existence of breathing disorder and corresponding characteristics. The titration device generates output data for adjusting the air pressure supplied to the patient as a function of an index of abnormal respiratory events included in the input data.

Devices and methods for measuring a target ion concentration uses an electrode pair. The pair includes a working electrode and a reference electrode. The working and reference electrodes are ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). The reference ISE can include a sodium ISE. The ISE pair interacts with body fluids where a target ion concentration changes more than sodium ion concentration over time. Some ISE membranes of a pair vary essentially only in the ionophore. An ISE pair can determine the ratio of a target ion concentration to sodium ion concentration in vivo. Periodic measurement of sodium concentration in drawn blood can be used to calibrate an ISE pair and provide target ion concentration as an output. Or, a potassium/sodium ISE pair beneficially monitors potassium concentration changes over time in heart- or kidney-failure patients. Then, manual or automatic titration of a diuretic material can be implemented to maintain a desired potassium concentration.

The invention relates to a synthetic method of a salt tolerant quadripolymer superabsorbent resin, comprising the following steps of: adding cyclohexane and a dispersant Span-80 into a 3-mouth flask, stirring and heating up to the temperature of 60-68 DEG C, dropwisely adding a hydrophilic cross-linking agent, an initiator and a comonomer by a constant-voltage titration tunnel, staying at constant temperature for 1 hour after the addition, heating up to the temperature of 70-75 DEG C and reacting for 2-3 hours, cooling to room temperature, pouring the obtained product into a beaker with enough methanol, fully depositing, followed by pumping filtration by a vacuum pump, repeatedly washing by the use of methanol, and drying in a vacuum chamber at the temperature of 80-90 DEG C to obtain a white powder, namely the salt tolerant quadripolymer superabsorbent resin. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the technology is simple; the requirement on equipment is low; the resin prepared by the synthetic method has strong water absorption, fast water absorption rate, excellent water retention, high strength in the superabsorbent state, good light and thermal stability as well as salt tolerance which is remarkably improved.

The invention generally relates to the field of diagnostic or prognostic assays and in particular relates to assays for the detection of antibodies in a sample comprising patient bodily fluid, wherein such antibodies are used as biological markers of a disease state or disease susceptibility. The assay is based on cross-titration of both the patient bodily fluid to be tested for the antibody and an antigen used to detect the antibody by specific binding.

The invention provides a preparation method of a surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate of a metal particle array. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing a porous silicon nanometer wire array (PSNWA) as a substrate material through a metal-assisted chemical corrosion method; reducing metal ions in a metal salt solution to elementary substance through an impregnation-reduction method, and obtaining the surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate after uniformly depositing the elementary substance on the surface of the PSNWA in a nanometer particle manner; and inducing a substance to be detected into an active substrate surface through an infiltration or titration method, namely carrying out Raman spectrum detection. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, simple process, simplicity and convenience in operation, high sensitivity of SERS (Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering) signals, and good repeatability; and an SERS light spectrum has very good stability and repeatability. The invention provides a molecule detection and trace quantity analysis method with high speed, high sensitivity and high reliability. The preparation method provided by the invention needs extremely less sample amount, is suitable for various liquid samples, and has wide application prospects of rapid identification of clinical biological molecules, trace quantity chemical substance detection, biological sample analysis and the like.

The invention relates to a preparation method of triethyl citrate. The preparation method is as follows: by deeply studying the preparation process of triethyl citrate, setting a reaction feed ratio; then adding catalyst to perform reflux reaction; then utilizing phenolphthalein as an indicator and sodium hydroxide to perform titration to determine the reaction end point; utilizing weak base to neutralize less acidic materials in the obtained product, and eluting sodium carbonate with purified water; and finally utilizing activated carbon to decolor, thus obtaining the pure triethyl citrate product. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the reaction end point is strictly controlled, unnecessary side reactions are reduced, thereduction of the product quality and the waste of cost caused by inadequate reaction or too long reaction time can be avoided; by controlling the temperatures of the processing steps, the damages caused by side reactions are reduced as far as possible; by selecting the decoloring mode, an ideal, colorless and transparent liquid product can be obtained; and the product quality is above the national standard: especially the acid value is controlled to be about 0.2 while the acid value of the national standard is 1.0, and the stability of the product when stored for a long time is higher than those of the like products.

The present invention provides methods for enhanced detection of biological response patterns. In one embodiment of the invention, genes are grouped into basis genesets according to the co-regulation of their expression. Expression of individual genes within a geneset is indicated with a single gene expression value for the geneset by a projection process. The expression values of genesets, rather than the expression of individual genes, are then used as the basis for comparison and detection of biological response with greatly enhanced sensitivity. In another embodiment of the invention, biological responses are grouped according to the similarity of their biological profile.

The methods of the invention have many useful applications, particularly in the fields of drug development and discovery. For example, the methods of the invention may be used to compare biological responses with greatly enhanced sensitivity. The biological responses that may be compared according to these methods include responses to single perturbations, such as a biological response to a mutation or temperature change, as well as graded perturbations such as titration with a particular drug. The methods are also useful to identify cellular constituents, particularly genes, associated with a particular type of biological response. Further, the methods may also be used to identify perturbations, such as novel drugs or mutations, which effect one or more particular genesets. The methods may still further be used to remove experimental artifacts in biological response data.

Devices are provided for determining the isoelectric point of a charged analyte, comprising a titration chamber and an electrode chamber. The electrode chamber comprises at least two electrodes, for example, an electrode array. Either or both of the titration chamber and the electrode chamber may have a shaped geometry. The electrodes are operative, in conjunction with the shaped geometry of the chamber(s) where appropriate, to generate an electric field gradient in the titration chamber. Permeable material separates the titration chamber and the electrode chamber. A pH Sensor is located in the titration chamber for obtaining the pH of the first fluid. Certain preferred embodiments further include an analyte band detector for detecting the presence and optionally the location of a focused band of charged solute. Methods are provided for determining the isoelectric point of a charged analyte comprising introducing a carrier fluid comprising a Charge analyte into the titration chamber of a device as just described and applying an electric field gradient to focus the charged analyte into a focused band. The pH of the carrier fluid is incremented or adjusted to shift the location of the focused band of charged analyte, and the pH and location of the focused band of charged analyte are obtained for a plurality of locations and pH's and the isoelectric point is determined from such data.

The invention discloses a method for preparing fluorine-containing acrylate emulsion. The fluorine-containing acrylate emulsion is prepared from perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylate and acrylic monomers which are used as main materials, persulfate which is used as the initiator, and a compound emulsifier by adopting the semi-continuous titration polymerization process. The titration mode is adopted in the whole reaction process, the heat is preserved after finishing titrating, the reaction process is convenient to control, and the finally prepared fluorine-containing acrylate emulsion has excellent performance and high performance-price ratio, is environmental friendly and safe and can be cured at normal temperature to form a film. The detection on the emulsion paint prepared from the fluorine-containing acrylate emulsion shows that the emulsion paint can resist scrubbing of 10,000 times without changing, can resist both acid and base for 120 hours without blistering and powder falling in addition to slight loss of gloss and color and can resist ageing for 5,000 hours without blistering, stripping and cracking. The content of solid (the mass percent of non-volatile matters) in the fluorine-containing acrylate emulsion is more than 45%, and the water repellent angle of the coating of the fluorine-containing acrylate emulsion is more than 100 degrees.

A method for management of asthma and other respiratory conditions is disclosed. This method uses exhaled nitric oxide readings to measure airway inflammation, thereby allowing precise titration of medication. The present invention can also be used to measure patient compliance with prescribed treatment regimes.