The invention discloses a method for preparing a thin-film solar photovoltaic cell with a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) nano wire array structure. The method comprises the following steps of: growing a large-area cuprous sulfide or copper sulfide nano wire array by adopting a gas-solid reaction method, and converting the cuprous sulfide or copper sulfide nano wire array into a CIGS nano wire array by physical vapor deposition and heat treatment methods. The component, the phase structure and the energy band structure of the semiconductor nano wire array can be regulated by controlling the categories of deposition elements, the deposition sequence, the deposition process, post treatment and the like, so that solar photovoltaic cells with different structures and properties are prepared. Through the cell, light reflection is reduced, light absorption is increased, the probability of producing current carriers can be increased, the probability of recombination of holes and electrons is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is greatly improved. The method is low in cost, the preparation processes are controllable, the prepared nano wire array is uniform in structure distribution, and preparation of the nano structural thin-film solar photovoltaic cell with large area and high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be realized.