78results about How to "Achieving controllable equipment" patented technology

The invention discloses a metal oxide modified high-entropy alloy catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, the metal oxide modified high-entropy alloy catalyst is a supported Ni-Ga-Cu-In-Zn-Fe high-entropy alloy catalyst with a mixed metal oxide of X, Mg and Al as a carrier, the metal X is Zr or Ce, preferably Zr; the catalyst is prepared through a one-step precipitation method, a co-precipitation and impregnation method or a two-step precipitation method by utilizing the characteristic that main body laminate composition and elements of a layered hydroxide (LDHs) material are adjustable; the metal oxide modified high-entropy alloy catalyst has the characteristics of high catalyst metal particle dispersity, high catalytic activity, good selectivity and long service life due to the introduction of ZrO2 or CeO2, and can reach a higher CO2 conversion rate in a relatively low temperature interval, so that the CO2 conversion rate and the single-pass yield of methanol are remarkably improved, and the catalyst has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency. Therefore, the utilization efficiency of carbon resources is improved, and the method has a good industrial application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a Fe-Ni bimetallic catalyst wrapped by a carbon nano tube and application of the Fe-Ni bimetallic catalyst in sewage treatment. The method is realized through the following steps: firstly, dissolving ferric salt, nickel salt and terephthalic acid in a solvent, performing heating reaction after violent stirring, cooling to room temperature, collecting obtained precipitates, performing centrifugal washing, and finally performing vacuum drying to obtain MIL-88B (Fe, Ni); the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing MIL-88B (Fe, Ni) powder with melamine, and carrying out pyrolysis to obtain M-Fe-Ni; the bimetallic catalyst (M-Fe-Ni) wrapped by the carbon nano tube prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention can be used for degrading organic pollutants, and after being activated by PMS, the M-Fe-Ni shows obvious Fenton-like catalytic activity for degrading the organic pollutants such as sulfamethoxazole and the like. The degradation rate of the synthesized M-Fe-Ni catalyst can reach 99.9% in an extremely short time, and is higher than the degradation efficiency of a single metal catalyst (Fe3C / Fe-coated N-C-9). Besides, due to double reaction sites of the prepared M-Fe-Ni catalyst, the migration distance between active substances and organic pollutant molecules is greatly shortened, the catalytic performance of M-Fe-Ni is remarkably improved, and degradation of organic pollutants under the condition of no secondary metal pollution is facilitated. And a potential method is provided for efficient sewage treatment of the M-Fe-Ni / PMS system.

The invention discloses a preparation method of size-controllable monodisperse indium antimonide colloidal quantum dots, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a precursor solution containing an indium precursor and an antimony precursor, and heating the precursor solution at 50-300 DEG C for 1-20 minutes; (2) in an inert atmosphere, raising the temperature of a solvent to a reaction temperature, injecting a reducing agent, then injecting the heated precursor solution, maintaining the reaction temperature for 10s-30min, and then stopping the reaction to obtain monodisperse indium antimonide colloidal quantum dots; the reaction temperature is 250 to 300 DEG C; in the reaction system in the step (2), the concentration of the indium precursor and the concentration of the antimony precursor are independently 0.4-8 mmol / L; the size of the monodisperse indium antimonide colloidal quantum dot is regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the concentration of a precursor in a reaction system, the injection mode of a precursor solution and the growth time. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, accurate regulation and control on the size of the indium antimonide colloidal quantum dot can be realized without the help of a complex size selective precipitation technology.

The invention belongs to the field of ferrous metallurgy, and relates to a rare earth microalloyed plateau weather-resistant high-performance structural steel plate and a preparation method thereof. The steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.03%-0.05% of C, 0.15%-0.25% of Si, 1.30%-1.60% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.013% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.020%-0.045% of Nb, 0.006%-0.020% of Ti, 0.5%-1.0% of Ni, 0.15%-0.20% of Cr, 0.10%-0.30% of Cu, 0.001%-0.003% of Zr, 0.001%-0.010% of RE and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The preparation method comprises the steps of molten steel converter smelting, RH and LF refining, continuous casting, casting blank heating, rolling and the like. According to the high-performance structural steel plate, ReH is larger than or equal to 420 MPa, Rm is larger than or equal to 525 MPa, the ductility is larger than or equal to 30%, the yield ratio is smaller than or equal to 0.80, the longitudinal impact energy at the temperature of-60 DEG C is larger than or equal to 250 J, the comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, the relative corrosion rate is smaller than or equal to 50% compared with traditional Q355 carbon steel, and the high-performance structural steel plate has the advantages of being resistant to low-temperature freezing and thawing, resistant to corrosion and resistant to environment-sensitive fracture.

The invention relates to hollow silicon dioxide microspheres and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that an aqueous solution of a polymer, azide salt, an initiator and an organic solvent are mixed to obtain an azide-modified polymer, and the azide-modified polymer is added into a polar solvent to obtain a solution of the azide-modified polymer; mixing alkynyl-containing silane, the azido-modified polymer solution and a click chemistry catalyst, and then adding an acid catalyst or a base catalyst to carry out hydrolytic condensation reaction, so as to obtain a core-shell structure precursor of the silicon dioxide coated polymer; and carrying out roasting treatment or solvent extraction treatment on the core-shell structure precursor to obtain the hollow silicon dioxide microspheres. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple in process, relatively low in cost and relatively high in efficiency, can effectively control the particle size, the wall thickness and the density of the prepared hollow silicon dioxide microspheres, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a catalyst for adsorption-photo-thermal synergistic degradation of VOCs and a preparation method thereof.A photocatalytic material TiO2, a thermocatalytic material MnOx and hollow carbon spheres are combined, the hollow carbon spheres (GCS) are used as a supporting framework, MnO2 and TiO2 are introduced into the GCS through a microwave-hydrothermal method, and the catalyst is prepared. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a TiO2 (at) MnO2 (at) GCS multifunctional photo-thermal catalytic material with a core-shell structure by using an in-situ calcination reduction process, and constructing a photo-thermal synergistic catalytic composite system with adsorption, thermocatalysis and photocatalysis, so that the problems of high energy consumption, low photocatalysis quantum efficiency and the like of traditional thermocatalysis can be solved, and VOCs can be efficiently degraded.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) in acetone, adding a small amount of Tween 80, carrying out oil bath at 60 DEG C, and uniformly mixing until the solution is transparent, so as to prepare a polymer solvent system; and standing and defoaming the obtained solution, pouring into a mold, and naturally volatilizing by controlling the humidity to obtain the polymer porous membrane with the porous microsphere net structure. According to the method, phase separation is induced through solvent evaporation, and synchronous construction of micron holes and nanospheres of the PVDF porous membrane is achieved. Compared with a traditional phase separation membrane preparation technology, the method has the advantages that the pore size of the PVDF porous membrane can be greatly expanded, controllable preparation of micron / nano pores of the PVDF porous membrane is realized, and the prepared porous membrane has more excellent reflectivity and cooling performance.

The invention provides a metal nitride-based composite coating and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of solid lubricating coatings, the metal nitride-based composite coating is composed of MoN metal nitride as a basic phase, high-entropy alloy (Cr-Al-Ti-Nb-V) doped as a reinforcing phase of MoN, and MoS2 and Ag as a lubricating phase. The preparation method comprises the following steps: depositing the MoN-based composite coating of Cr-Al-Ti-Nb-V compounded MoS2 and Ag on the surface of the substrate by adopting a high-power pulse magnetron sputtering technology. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that the defects that the MoS2-based thin film material is poor in lubricating performance in a high-temperature environment and the MoN coating is high in friction coefficient are overcome.

The invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional ceramic network reinforced composite phase-change materials, and particularly relates to a high-thermal-conductivity and insulating three-dimensional ceramic network reinforced composite phase-change material and a preparation method thereof.The high-thermal-conductivity and insulating three-dimensional ceramic network reinforced composite phase-change material comprises an organic solid-liquid phase-change material serving as a working component, an inorganic solid-liquid phase-change material serving as a working component and an inorganic solid-liquid phase-change material serving as a working component, the polyhydric alcohols are selected from paraffin, polyethylene glycol, stearic acid and polyhydric alcohols; an encapsulating component: a steady-state polymer material selected from epoxy resin and polyurethane; the reinforcing filler is a high-thermal-conductivity insulating inorganic filler and is selected from boron nitride, aluminum oxide and silicon nitride.The preparation method has the advantages that compared with a traditional porous ceramic preparation process, controllable preparation of the high-thermal-conductivity insulating porous ceramic with a complex structure is achieved by adopting a 3D printing technology, and designability and repeatability of the structure of the high-thermal-conductivity insulating porous ceramic can be achieved easily.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing a polyaniline film by self-assembly, and belongs to the technical field of preparing conductive polymer films. The present application adopts an interface recrystallization method to obtain a polyaniline film, which has a simple process and strong operability. The obtained polyaniline film has a regular and orderly three-dimensional network structure. The large-area preparation of the polyaniline film can be achieved by selecting the specifications of the guide plate, which overcomes the shortcomings of the electrochemical preparation method. In the process of transferring the polyaniline film to the target substrate, no other dielectric layer needs to be introduced, and no other organic solvents need to be involved. Therefore, any substrate can be transferred without affecting the structure of the target device; at the same time, the controllable preparation of films of different thicknesses can be achieved at the nanoscale through a layer-by-layer assembly method, which is of great significance to the expanded application of polyaniline films and provides a new feasible idea for the preparation of thin film materials.

This invention discloses a method for controllable preparation of nanoparticles using a multi-channel microreactor. The method utilizes a microchannel reactor to segment droplets and prepare quantitatively synthesized nanoparticles with controllable particle size. The invention employs capillary action to draw the reaction solution into the microchannel, segmenting one or more droplets (each droplet into 10-100 portions). By changing the width of the microchannel, controllable preparation of nanoparticles within a small range (±3 nm) can be achieved; by changing the length of the microchannel, controllable preparation of nanoparticles within a large range (±10-30 nm) can be achieved. Furthermore, the reactor structure of this invention is simple, enabling highly precise and quantitative synthesis of various nanoparticles. Compared to large-scale reactors, the miniaturization of the synthesis reaction in this invention effectively reduces energy waste and safety hazards, making it highly valuable for applications in safe chemical engineering, green chemical engineering, high-efficiency chemical engineering, microchemical engineering, and precise reaction monitoring.

The invention provides a wurtzite boron nitride / diamond composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, the composite material is composed of two phases of wurtzite boron nitride and diamond, and has a stacked sandwich microstructure, the sandwich microstructure comprises at least one first wurtzite boron nitride layer and at least one second wurtzite boron nitride layer, wherein the first wurtzite boron nitride layer is formed by wurtzite boron nitride; at least one second wurtzite boron nitride layer composed of wurtzite boron nitride; the composite material comprises a first wurtzite boron nitride layer, a second wurtzite boron nitride layer and a diamond layer, the diamond layer is arranged between the first wurtzite boron nitride layer and the second wurtzite boron nitride layer and is made of diamond, wurtzite boron nitride is a metastable phase stably existing under normal pressure, and the Vickers hardness of the composite material is larger than 50 GPa. The novel wurtzite boron nitride / diamond composite material disclosed by the invention has high hardness, high toughness and high thermal stability, and the preparation method disclosed by the invention is low in initial raw material price and simple in preparation process.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a hierarchical pore MFI molecular sieve membrane based on a sacrificial crystal seed layer, and belongs to the field of zeolite molecular sieve membrane synthesis. The hierarchical pore MFI molecular sieve membrane with a compact selective top layer and a macroporous transition layer with high porosity is successfully constructed on a porous carrier through a surface wet gel secondary growth technology of a sacrificial crystal seed layer. The film layer structure and the gas separation performance are optimized by regulating and controlling the composition, the aging time and the crystallization time of the synthetic gel. The prepared hierarchical pore MFI molecular sieve membrane shows high permeability and excellent selectivity in n-butane / iso-butane separation, and the preparation process is good in repeatability, high in stability and suitable for industrial gas separation application.

This invention discloses a method for preparing a laser-clad anti-sticking steel coating on the surface of a vertical roller, comprising: accurately quantifying the surface morphology and laser process parameters of the anti-sticking steel coating on the vertical roller, namely, forming a heat dissipation channel size control equation based on a Gaussian heat source model and an elliptical double-beta spray gun model, and determining the corresponding cladding process parameters according to the dimensional parameters of the coating's relevant service performance requirements, thereby achieving controllable preparation of the spiral anti-sticking steel coating. This invention, through effective control of the coating's spiral diameter and the size and shape of protrusions and grooves, ensures the coating's high-temperature wear resistance while reducing friction between the steel pipe and the vertical roller, preventing steel sticking and extending the service life of the vertical roller.

The invention provides a capsule type metal catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution with a certain concentration, adding an additive and a metal salt solution, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a mixed solution A; (2) preparing a gelatin aqueous solution with a certain concentration, then uniformly mixing the gelatin aqueous solution with the mixed solution A, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be acidic, and continuing the reaction to obtain a mixed solution B; (3) placing the obtained mixed solution B in an ice-water bath, and adding a curing agent to carry out a cross-linking curing reaction to obtain a material C; and (4) washing and drying the material C to obtain the capsule type metal catalyst. The capsule type metal catalyst prepared by the invention is applied to hydrosilylation reaction, and can realize high reactant conversion rate and high target product selectivity under mild reaction conditions.

The application provides a wurtzite boron nitride / diamond composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material is composed of two phases of wurtzite boron nitride and diamond, and has a stacked sandwich microstructure, which comprises at least one first wurtzite boron nitride layer composed of wurtzite boron nitride, at least one second wurtzite boron nitride layer composed of wurtzite boron nitride, and a diamond layer composed of diamond and sandwiched between the first wurtzite boron nitride layer and the second wurtzite boron nitride layer. The wurtzite boron nitride is a metastable phase stably existing under normal pressure, and the Vickers hardness of the composite material is greater than 50 GPa. The novel wurtzite boron nitride / diamond composite material has high hardness, high toughness and high thermal stability, and the preparation method has low starting material price and simple preparation process.

The application belongs to the field of electrocatalytic materials and energy conversion technology, and particularly relates to a Ni nanoparticle and Ni monatomic synergistic catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation steps of the Ni nanoparticle and Ni monatomic synergistic catalyst include: mixing a soluble zinc salt, a soluble nickel salt and an organic ligand in water, then mixing with a solution containing polydopamine, and sequentially performing light-shield aging, drying and pyrolysis to obtain the Ni nanoparticle and Ni monatomic synergistic catalyst. The application provides a strategy of combining a two-dimensional ZIF-L precursor with PDA bifunctional modification, in the catalyst preparation process, the introduced PDA simultaneously acts as a structure directing agent and a metal size control agent, realizing the synergistic coexistence of Ni monatomic and nanoparticles, precise size control and construction of a hollow leaf-shaped carbon-based carrier. By utilizing the hydrogen overflow synergistic effect between the Ni nanoparticle and the Ni monatomic, the catalytic activity, selectivity and stability of the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 are significantly improved.

The invention relates to the field of new energy sodium ion battery energy storage devices, in particular to a spherical hard carbon material, a preparation method thereof and application of the spherical hard carbon material as a battery negative electrode material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving asphalt to form a uniform and compact coating shell layer on starch, controlling the thickness of the coating shell layer by adjusting the concentration of an asphalt solution, and forming a cross-linked structure in the asphalt and further enhancing the mechanical strength of the asphalt shell layer by utilizing oxidation cross-linking; meanwhile, in the heat treatment process, the starch is stably oxidized inside, so that the spherical structure is kept. Besides, during oxidation cross-linking, active free radicals and active small molecules generated by the starch are diffused from inside to outside and captured by the asphalt, so that the overall yield is further improved while the asphalt cross-linking in the shell layer is realized, and a skin-core structure formed by non-uniform asphalt oxidation is avoided. The method provided by the invention promotes the high value-added utilization of asphalt, further promotes the economic and sustainable large-scale preparation of hard carbon, and promotes the development of the energy storage industry.

The application discloses a method for controllable preparation of nanoscale calcium carbonate by taking regenerated micro powder as a calcium source, and comprises the following steps: taking the regenerated micro powder obtained by treating the hydrated cement-based material as the calcium source, dispersing the regenerated micro powder in deionized water or a water solution containing magnesium ions to form a reaction system, performing a wet carbonation reaction by introducing carbon dioxide gas into the reaction system, and realizing the regulation of the crystal form and particle size of the obtained calcium carbonate product by synergistically regulating the process parameters such as the composition of the reaction medium, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the carbon dioxide flow rate and the stirring speed, so as to prepare nanoscale calcite crystal calcium carbonate or nanoscale calcite / aragonite composite crystal calcium carbonate.

The present invention discloses the preparation of a silver nanocluster fluorescent composite membrane and its application in the detection of heavy metals. The preparation method of the silver nanocluster fluorescent composite membrane comprises the following steps: (1) mixing an aldehyde-modified nanocellulose solution, a silver ammonia solution and a glutathione solution, and then stirring and reacting them to obtain silver nanocluster micelles; wherein the molar ratio of the aldehyde content of the aldehyde-modified nanocellulose, the silver ammonia complex ions in the silver source solution and the glutathione is 1:1-10:1-10; (2) uniformly mixing the silver nanocluster micelles obtained in step (1) with a glucose solution having a concentration of 10-50% by mass, and evaporating and self-assembling at 20-50°C to form a silver nanocluster fluorescent composite membrane. The silver nanocluster composite membrane prepared by the present invention exhibits strong red fluorescence under ultraviolet light (observed with a black background), and can be used for semi-quantitative, visual and rapid detection of heavy metal ions such as copper ions.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a selenium-nitrogen co-doped carbon-loaded molybdenum-based lithium-sulfur battery diaphragm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a MoO3 (at) ZIF-8 nanotube precursor material by a hydrothermal method, annealing, and selenizing to obtain the selenium-nitrogen co-doped carbon loaded molybdenum carbide modified diaphragm. The reaction conditions are mild, the preparation method is simple, the obtained product has obvious structural advantages, a three-dimensional network structure formed by nanotubes can accelerate transmission of electrons and ions and provide a large number of catalytic sites, the adsorption capacity on polysulfide can be improved due to the fact that the three-dimensional network structure has strong polarity, and then the electrochemical performance is improved; the high-conductivity selenium-nitrogen co-doped carbon is introduced into the synthesized material, so that the electron transport of the material can be further increased, the conversion of polysulfide is accelerated, and the shuttle effect of the polysulfide is inhibited. The lithium-sulfur battery has high specific discharge capacity, large current rate bearing capacity and excellent cycle stability, and has a wide application prospect in lithium-sulfur batteries.

The invention discloses mussel-imitating bacteria responsive injectable hydrogel as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. The hydrogel is formed by compounding a mussel-imitating viscous hydrogel bracket and a bacterial response agent, the viscous hydrogel scaffold is QCS-EC (Quaternized Chitosan) and is formed by non-covalent binding of QCS (Quaternized Chitosan) and EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate); the bacterial response agent is a supramolecular nano cross-linked compound TEBox-B12, and is formed by self-assembly of box-shaped quaternized pyridine heterocyclic organic salt molecules TEBox and salt containing suprachaotropic liquid anions B12H12-through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interaction. The hydrogel disclosed by the invention has NIR-II photo-thermal and photodynamic antibacterial treatment functions, and can be used for efficiently killing bacteria in deep tissues; the hydrogel also has high adhesion, good biocompatibility and injectability, is strong in convenience and applicability, can provide a good healing environment for wounds, promotes fibroblast proliferation and migration, accelerates wound tissue regeneration and healing processes, and reduces scar formation.

A high-transparency, energy-saving LOW-E glass and its preparation method are disclosed, belonging to the field of LOW-E glass technology. The high-transparency, energy-saving LOW-E glass includes a glass substrate and a composite film layer sequentially deposited thereon. The composite film layer includes a bottom layer, a functional layer, and a protective layer. The bottom layer is an antimony-doped silicon dioxide layer with a gradient doping structure, wherein the doping concentration gradually decreases from bottom to top along the thickness direction. The functional layer includes a first functional sublayer and a second functional sublayer. The first functional sublayer is a fluorine-doped tin oxide layer, and the second functional sublayer is a titanium-doped zinc oxide layer, with a compositional gradient transition region formed between the first and second functional sublayers. The protective layer is a silicon nitride layer. The high-transparency, energy-saving LOW-E glass of this invention has high light transmittance, excellent thermal insulation performance, good chemical stability, and can undergo subsequent deep processing.

The present invention provides a Ni-M single-atom alloy catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is a magnesium-aluminum metal mixed oxide MgAlO X As a carrier, a first metal Ni and a second metal M are loaded, wherein the second metal M is selected from one of the noble metals Pt, Ru, Pd, Rh, Ir, Ag and Au, or one of the non-noble metals Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, In, Mn, Bi, Cd, Sn. By configuring a mixed metal salt solution of Ni, M, Mg, and Al, a Ni / M / Mg / Al quaternary layered hydroxide material Q is prepared by a coprecipitation method, and then a supported Ni-M single-atom alloy catalyst is obtained by thermal reduction. The catalyst is used in the reaction of selective hydrogenation of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyridine to prepare 2,3,5,6-tetraaminopyridine, and shows high activity and high selectivity under mild conditions, avoiding the occurrence of side reactions such as excessive hydrogenation under high temperature conditions; it also has the characteristics of good stability, reusability and long life, and has broad prospects in industrial applications.

The application discloses a preparation method of gamma-phase germanium selenide nanosheets. The application realizes controllable preparation of high-quality gamma-phase germanium selenide nanosheets by adopting a normal-pressure vapor deposition method and based on a rapid cooling strategy. The application realizes controllable growth of gamma-phase germanium selenide nanosheets with different lateral sizes by controlling growth temperature. The application does not need to plate a catalyst such as gold on a substrate surface, and the preparation process is relatively simple. The prepared gamma-phase germanium selenide nanosheets have great application potential in flexible sensors, photoelectric devices, especially near-infrared photoelectric detectors and the like. The gamma-phase germanium selenide nanosheets prepared by the application are still very stable after being placed in air for half a year, and also provide a good experimental platform for subsequent physical property research on the material.

This invention discloses a method for preparing an ultrathin ordered macrocyclic molecular membrane. The method involves synthesizing macrocyclic molecules with high polymerization activity and amphiphilic guest molecules. The inclusion complexes formed by the macrocyclic molecules and guest molecules are orderedly assembled using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technology. Photopolymerization is then employed to achieve ordered cross-linking of the macrocyclic molecules, resulting in an ultrathin ordered macrocyclic molecular membrane. The macrocyclic molecular membrane prepared by this invention is monomolecular in thickness and possesses good mechanical strength. With the assisted orientation of the amphiphilic guest molecules, the macrocyclic molecules achieve ordered assembly at the water-air interface. The membrane preparation process proposed in this invention is simple, cost-effective, versatile, and easily scalable, making it significant for the field of high-performance separation membranes.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a magnetic metal nickel gradually-thinned nanowire, which comprises the following steps of: (1) irradiating and sensitizing a polymer template by using a fast heavy ion beam to obtain a polymer template with a latent track; (2) sputtering a gold conductive layer on one side of the polymer template of the latent track, and depositing a copper conductive layer on the surface of the gold conductive layer by using electrochemical deposition; (3) etching one side, without the gold-copper conductive layer, of the polymer template of the latent track by adopting an etching solution to obtain a polymer template with a gradually-thinned linear pore channel; (4) electrochemically depositing a magnetic metal nickel gradually-thinned nanowire on one side, without the gold-copper conductive layer, of the polymer template with the gradually-thinned linear pore channel; and (5) stripping the gold-copper conductive layer to obtain the magnetic metal nickel gradually-thinned nanowire. The method is simple and efficient, controllable preparation of the magnetic metal nickel gradually-thinned nanowire array is achieved for the first time, and the small-size magnetic metal nickel gradually-thinned nanowire array with excellent microwave absorption performance is successfully prepared.

The present invention discloses a carbon nanotube / graphene / pyrolytic carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite material preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: growing graphene on nickel foam by chemical vapor deposition to obtain graphene / nickel foam; growing carbon nanotubes in situ in graphene / nickel foam to obtain a carbon nanotube / graphene multidimensional hybrid reinforcement; and filling pyrolytic carbon by precursor impregnation and cracking method to obtain a carbon nanotube / graphene / pyrolytic carbon composite material. The present invention, as a cross-scale reinforcement composed of nanocarbon, can comprehensively modify and strengthen the carbon matrix at the micrometer and nanometer scales to obtain a lightweight, high-strength and multifunctional carbon-based composite material.

The invention discloses a method for preparing high-uniformity iron phosphate from iron-containing waste residues, which comprises the following steps: S1, leaching the iron-containing waste residues, removing impurities, and adding an oxidizing agent to obtain an iron source solution; dissolving a phosphorus source to obtain a phosphorus source solution; s2, respectively pumping the iron source solution and the phosphorus source solution into two feed ports of a high-mixing continuous reactor, and collecting effluent to a stirring reaction kettle; s3, stirring and reacting the effluent in the stirring reaction kettle, aging, separating out precipitate, washing and grinding to obtain an iron phosphate intermediate; and S4, carrying out crystallization treatment on the iron phosphate intermediate, then separating out precipitates, washing, grinding to obtain powder, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain iron phosphate. According to the preparation method of the high-uniformity iron phosphate, disclosed by the invention, the iron-containing waste residues are adopted as an iron source, and iron phosphate and lithium iron phosphate products with high uniformity and excellent performance can be prepared based on an efficient mass transfer technology, so that high-value utilization of wastes is realized, and the production cost advantage is improved.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a lattice structure on the surface of single crystal silicon by nanosecond laser irradiation, and belongs to the field of micro-nano processing of material surfaces. The method comprises the following steps: ultrasonically cleaning the single crystal silicon in anhydrous ethanol and acetone in sequence; focusing the laser on the surface of the single crystal silicon, irradiating the surface of the single crystal silicon with nanosecond laser in an air environment with set laser irradiation parameters, and inducing the formation of a lattice structure on the surface of the single crystal silicon by utilizing the plasma etching effect induced by the laser irradiation and the change in the surface tension of the single crystal silicon caused by the laser irradiation. In addition, based on the difference in temperature accumulation under different laser pulse repetition frequencies, the controllable preparation of an ordered or disordered lattice structure on the surface of the single crystal silicon can be achieved. The present invention has the advantages of simple process flow and green environmental protection, and has potential application value in the fields of micro-nano optics, semiconductor industry, photovoltaic solar cells, etc.