475 results about "Overpotential" patented technology

The invention provides a three-loop control lithium ion battery flexible fast charging method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the current charging current and voltage of a lithium ion battery, calculating the overpotential through an electrochemical-thermal-aging coupling model, carrying out the constant overpotential lossless charging, and obtaining a preliminary control current; performing constant strain charging according to the initial control current in combination with the obtained internal strain of the lithium ion battery, and limiting the charging current in the stage by taking the expansion strain when the residual electric quantity is set as a strain boundary in the charging process; performing constant-temperature charging according to the charging current in combination with the obtained temperature of the lithium ion battery, and adjusting the charging current rate within a set temperature range; constant overpotential lossless charging control is used as an outer ring, constant strain charging is used as a middle ring, constant temperature charging is used as an inner ring, a final control current is determined through three-ring control, and flexible fast charging is achieved. According to the invention, a plurality of parameters of the battery can be monitored and controlled, and the contradiction between charging safety and rapidity is solved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a modified zinc-bromine flow battery carbon felt negative electrode and the carbon felt negative electrode prepared by the method, and belongs to the field of zinc-bromine flow batteries. According to the method, after the carbon felt is soaked in a mixed solution of cuprous sulfate, water and acetonitrile, the acetonitrile is gradually evaporated from the solution through heating, the cuprous sulfate is gradually subjected to disproportionation reaction, and the copper elementary substance generated by the disproportionation reaction of the cuprous sulfate is deposited on the surface of the carbon felt, so that the purpose of loading the modified carbon felt with the copper elementary substance is achieved. The copper elementary substance is relatively stable in chemical property and has good zinc affinity, and the copper elementary substance is loaded on the surface of the carbon felt, so that the overpotential of zinc nucleation can be reduced, and reaction active sites on the surface of the carbon felt are increased. Besides, relatively strong acting force exists between copper and zinc, so that uniform deposition / stripping of zinc in the charging and discharging process is facilitated, a more uniform zinc deposition layer is formed on the surface of the carbon felt, formation of zinc dendrites is reduced, and the electrochemical performance of the zinc-bromine flow battery is improved.

The invention discloses a lithium-oxygen battery electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. The lithium-oxygen battery electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, an additive and a solvent, the additive is 1, 3-dimethylimidazole iodized salt. The redox medium (organic iodized salt) is added into the ether electrolyte of the lithium oxygen battery, anions of the redox medium can reduce the charge-discharge overpotential of the lithium oxygen battery, cations of the redox medium can form an in-situ protection layer on a lithium negative electrode, the redox medium is prevented from reacting with the lithium negative electrode, lithium corrosion and lithium dendrite growth are effectively inhibited, and the service life of the lithium oxygen battery is prolonged. And the lithium-oxygen battery has excellent electrochemical performance and long cycle stability.

The invention discloses a negative electrode current collector, a battery monomer, a battery and a power utilization device, the negative electrode current collector comprises a substrate and an alloy layer located on at least one side of the substrate, the alloy layer comprises a first metal element and a second metal element, and the substrate comprises a third metal element, the nucleation overpotential of the elementary substance of the second metal element is smaller than the nucleation overpotential of the elementary substance of the first metal element, the nucleation overpotential of the lithium metal of the elementary substance of the first metal element is larger than or equal to 0.10 V, and the nucleation overpotential of the elementary substance of the second metal element is smaller than the nucleation overpotential of the elementary substance of the third metal element. According to the invention, the battery has high coulombic efficiency, high reliability and long cycle life.

The invention belongs to the field of electrode materials, and particularly relates to an alkaline hydrogen production electrode and a preparation method thereof.The alkaline hydrogen production electrode comprises an electrode substrate and a catalyst loaded on the electrode substrate; the catalyst comprises the following components: Ni, Fe, Mo, Cr and Mn, the molar percentage of Mo is 5-15%, and the total molar percentage of Fe and Mo is 35%. By alloying, introducing Mo and controlling the content of Fe and Mo, the catalytic activity is enhanced, compared with existing binary Raney nickel, the catalytic activity is higher, the HER reaction overpotential can be effectively reduced, so that the energy consumption of an electrolytic bath is reduced, and the corrosion resistance of an electrode can be enhanced through Cr and Mn.

The invention discloses a charging optimization method for inhibiting lithium electroplating based on a mechanism model, and belongs to the technical field of battery charging. According to the method, firstly, a lithium ion battery electrochemical model P2D model is constructed and linearized to serve as a state space of the model prediction control method so as to obtain response of lithium electroplating overpotential to charging current, and the response is one of main factors for promoting battery aging. And then, designing a multi-objective optimization task for rapid charging and limiting the lithium electroplating potential, and improving the charging current to the greatest extent while inhibiting the lithium electroplating reaction in the lithium battery, so that a rapid charging scheme for inhibiting the lithium electroplating reaction of the battery is realized. Besides, by constructing an LSTM model and utilizing current and voltage data of the battery to identify the aging condition of the battery, an experimental result shows that the charging strategy can improve the charging speed under the condition of keeping the lithium plating potential of the battery within a certain range, and can effectively adjust the aged batteries of different degrees, so that the universality of the charging strategy is remarkably improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of sodium ion batteries, and discloses a low-overpotential uniform sodium deposition composite electrolyte and a preparation method of a sodium metal battery, the composite electrolyte comprises a sodium salt, a solvent, a film-forming additive and a sodium deposition regulating agent; the film forming additive is selected from at least one of NaPO2F2, NaDFOB and Na2SO3; the sodium deposition regulating agent is selected from at least one of CsTFSI, SnCl2 and Bi (OTf) 3. Through the synergistic effect of the film-forming additive and the sodium deposition regulating agent, a stable and firm SEI film can be formed on the interface of the negative electrode current collector, the overpotential of sodium deposition is obviously reduced to 20 mV or below, the growth of sodium dendrites is effectively inhibited, and dense and uniform deposition of sodium is realized. The negative-electrode-free sodium metal battery based on the composite electrolyte shows high first efficiency (greater than or equal to 90%), high coulombic efficiency (greater than 99.5%) and excellent cycling stability, and an effective scheme is provided for solving the core challenge of a sodium metal negative electrode.

The invention discloses a composite cathode and anode plate made of a lead-carbon composite material, the composite cathode and anode plate comprises a current collector, a transition layer and an active layer which are compounded in sequence, the transition layer tightly coats the outer surface of the current collector, the active layer tightly coats the outer surface of the transition layer, and the composite cathode and anode plate is prepared by the following method: S1, preparing the composite cathode and anode plate; raw material pretreatment: placing the carbon material in a vacuum oven; according to the invention, the structural design of the composite negative plate and the preparation process are integrated, so that accurate matching of the raw material ratio and the process parameters is realized, and many defects of the traditional electrode are effectively solved; the three-layer gradient structure improves the interface bonding force, and delamination is avoided; the optimized raw material system and the preparation process have a synergistic effect, so that the hydrogen evolution overpotential is remarkably improved, the internal resistance is reduced, the cycle life is prolonged, the low-temperature performance is improved, the energy density is improved, and a reliable technical scheme is provided for the application of the lead-acid storage battery in the high-end field.

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell membrane electrode voltage distribution testing, in particular to a fuel cell membrane electrode voltage distribution testing method and system, and the method comprises the steps: arranging a potential sensor array, and synchronously collecting an original voltage vector through the potential sensor array in the loading operation process of a fuel cell; a reference electrode is arranged in the non-reaction area, a stable reference signal is applied to the reference electrode, and a feedback signal of the reference electrode is collected after preset stable time is delayed; carrying out difference calculation on the feedback signal and the stable reference signal to obtain a system measurement drift distance; and performing joint calibration on the original voltage vector according to the system measurement drift amount and the spatial continuity constraint of the membrane electrode voltage distribution to obtain the voltage distribution vector of the fuel cell membrane electrode. And the authenticity and reliability of the voltage distribution data in the long-period test process of the fuel cell are ensured by continuously compensating the drift of the measurement precision.

A method for determining a condition indicating imminent thermal runaway in a power source includes changing a state of charge of the power source during one of a plurality of charge cycles and a plurality of discharge cycle. In response to the state of charge in each of the one of the plurality of charge cycles and the plurality of discharge cycles, the method includes matching a first condition measuring the state of charge of the power source and determining an overpotential value based on the measured state of charge. The method also includes determining a trend based on a plurality of the overpotential values and identifying an indication of possible thermal runaway in the power source based on the trend indicating a downward trend of the plurality of overpotential values.

The invention discloses a palladium-doped Ir-Sn oxide titanium anode with high catalytic activity and a preparation method of the palladium-doped Ir-Sn oxide titanium anode, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic anodes. The anode comprises a titanium substrate, a TiO2-Ta2O5 intermediate layer and an Ir-Sn-Pd oxide catalyst layer, the molar ratio of Ir to Sn to Pd in the catalyst layer is (5-6): 3: (1-2), and the total metal ion concentration is 0.3 mol L. The preparation method is realized through titanium substrate pretreatment (sand blasting and etching), intermediate layer coating sintering (a TiCl4-TaCl5 solution) and catalyst layer circulating coating sintering (an H2IrCl6-SnCl4-PdCl2 mixed solution). The relatively cheap palladium element is introduced, the electron structure of the catalyst layer is optimized by utilizing the defect effect, the charge transfer resistance is reduced to 6.7 omegacm, and meanwhile, the iridium consumption is reduced by more than 30%. Experiments show that the cell voltage of the anode is stabilized at 0.95 V (the current density is 5Acm <-2 >), the accelerated life reaches 1630 hours, the coating binding force is 62N, and the corrosion rate in an acidic electrolyte is only 0.01 mm / year. Compared with a traditional iridium tantalum anode, the cost is reduced by 40%, and the overpotential in the oxygen evolution reaction is as low as 0.45 V.

The invention discloses a low-temperature sodium metal battery electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage batteries. The low-temperature sodium metal battery electrolyte provided by the invention is prepared by dissolving sodium salt in ethylene glycol diethyl ether (EGDEE) and cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME). The ethyl chain at the tail end of EGDEE in the electrolyte prepared by the invention allows more anions to enter the first solvation sheath of the hybrid solvent, so that the ionic conductivity at the ultralow temperature of-40 DEG C is greatly improved. Meanwhile, a novel anion-rich solvation structure can be spontaneously formed at low temperature, and the kinematic mechanics rate of Na < + > is increased. Meanwhile, two organic solvents with non-cyclic ether structures are adopted, so that the problem of easy ring opening in the prior art is solved, ultralow sodium nucleation overpotential is shown, and uniform sodium deposition can be realized, so that the composite material has excellent reversibility and cycling stability at room temperature and low temperature, has excellent electrochemical performance, and is suitable for industrial production. And the prepared sodium metal battery has a wide application prospect.

The invention provides a preparation method of a negative electrode current collector with a sodium-philic composite coating, the negative electrode current collector and a negative-electrode-free all-solid-state battery, and relates to the technical field of sodium ion battery cells, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, depositing a layer of MAX phase film on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; and step S2, removing the aluminum layer in the MAX phase film so as to form a sodium-philic composite coating coated with multiple layers of MXene on the surface of the negative electrode current collector. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that the sodium-philic composite coating coated with multiple layers of MXene can be formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector through two-step operation, so that the MXene layer with ionic conduction and the metal layer with electronic conduction are mixed together, the effect of mixed conduction of ions and electrons is realized, and further by virtue of the two-dimensional structure and the sodium-philic characteristic of the MXene material, the performance of the negative electrode is improved. The deposition overpotential of sodium electricity can be reduced, and sodium ions are induced to be uniformly deposited on the surface of the current collector; in addition, high mechanical strength and good conductivity of MXene can effectively inhibit volume expansion of the electrode, so that the cycle life of the battery is prolonged, and the safety of the battery is improved.

The present application provides an electrode assembly, a battery cell, a secondary battery, and an electric device. The electrode assembly comprises a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode current collector and a separator located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode current collector; the electrode assembly further comprises a modification layer, the modification layer is located between the negative electrode current collector and the separator, and the modification layer comprises a base material and an active material dispersed in the base material; the lithium metal nucleation overpotential of the base material is greater than or equal to 80 mV, and the lithium metal nucleation overpotential of the active material is less than that of the base material. The modification layer in the electrode assembly of the present application can reduce volume expansion during the deposition of metals such as lithium and sodium on the negative electrode current collector, so that the risk of piercing the separator caused by volume expansion is reduced, thereby improving the reliability and the cycle performance of batteries.

The invention provides a gradient composite graphene electrolysis electrode plate and an in-situ preparation method thereof. The electrode plate comprises a metal conductive base material (such as titanium alloy), a porous ceramic skeleton layer (Al2O3-40% ZrO2, the porosity of which is 30 + / -5%), a chemical copper plating layer for filling pores, an electroplated nickel-ruthenium alloy catalytic layer (Ni: Ru = 9: 1) and 3-5 graphene functional layers (ID / IG is less than or equal to 0.08) grown in situ, wherein the porous ceramic skeleton layer (Al2O3-40% ZrO2) is laser-cladded on the surface of the porous ceramic skeleton layer (Al2O3-40% ZrO2). The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing laser cladding on a ceramic skeleton, wherein the power density is 300-500W / mm < 2 >, and sintering at 1600 DEG C to form metallurgical bonding; gradient plating: electroless copper plating (containing nano-diamond enhancement) and pulse electroplating of Ni Ru (duty ratio is 1: 5); and performing directional CVD growth: after reducing the catalyst layer by H2 at 1050 DEG C, introducing CH4 / H2 (the volume ratio is 1: 4) in a pulse manner, and realizing full coverage of the inner wall of the mesh by vortex air intake. The technical effects are as follows: (1) the overpotential of chlorine evolution in saturated salt water at 80 DEG C is as low as 268mV (1A / cm < 2 >); (2) strong acid environment service life gt; the time is 100 thousand hours (12 times that of the national standard); (3) the production cost is lt; and 620 / m < 2 > (90% lower than that of a traditional ruthenium-iridium coating). The problems of graphene transfer damage and special-shaped electrode covering are solved.

A method and system for optimizing the charging process of lithium-ion batteries by utilizing a determined parameter (e.g., Lyapunov Exponent) as a cell degradation (e.g., anode overpotential) indicator are disclosed. The system and method enable intelligent charging, which may involve integrating a controller that adjusts the charging current in real-time (or near real time or otherwise) based on the cell degradation indicator, calculated from probing the battery. This approach has various possible benefits to which the method and system may be tuned including extending battery lifespan, charge timing, and safety.

The invention provides a battery internal uniformity analysis method and system, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, the method comprises: constructing a three-dimensional multi-physics field coupling model of a target battery, the three-dimensional multi-physics field coupling model comprising a three-dimensional geometric sub-model, an electrochemical reaction sub-model and a thermal field sub-model; a plurality of tab design schemes are set, tab parameters of the tab design schemes are different, and the tab parameters at least comprise the number of tabs, the width of the tabs and the positions of the tabs; simulation analysis is conducted according to the three-dimensional multi-physics field coupling model and the tab design scheme, a uniformity analysis result is obtained, and simulation analysis at least comprises discharge curve analysis, direct current internal resistance test analysis, current distribution and current density analysis, current collector ohmic loss analysis, active material overpotential analysis and battery temperature distribution analysis. The method is based on all-parameter uniformity simulation analysis, and spatial distribution of key parameters in the battery can be quantified.

The invention belongs to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and relates to a gradient pore structure electrode and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, the surface of an electrode substrate is sequentially coated with polystyrene of different particle sizes, then low-temperature sintering is conducted, and the polystyrene is fixed to the surface of the electrode substrate; obtaining an electrode substrate fixed with a polystyrene molecular template; 2) electroplating a metal coating on the surface of the electrode substrate fixed with the polystyrene molecular template by adopting a chemical plating method to obtain the electrode substrate which contains the metal coating and is fixed with the polystyrene molecular template; and 3) carrying out template removal and metal substrate removal treatment on the electrode substrate which contains the metal coating and is fixed with the polystyrene molecular template obtained in the step 2) to obtain the gradient pore structure electrode. An efficient three-phase reaction interface is constructed through the gradient holes, the bubble shielding effect is reduced, the overpotential and the water electrolysis energy consumption are reduced, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency is improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides an electrolyte, a preparation method thereof and an aqueous zinc ion battery, the electrolyte comprises a zinc salt and an electrolyte additive, the electrolyte additive comprises a complex formed by an amine ligand and a reducing metal, and the activity of the reducing metal is weaker than that of zinc. When the electrolyte is applied to the aqueous zinc ion battery, the hydration degree and the deposition overpotential of the zinc ion can be reduced, the reversible reaction can be promoted, and a stable protection layer can be generated on the surface of a zinc negative electrode, so that the zinc dendrite growth and the corrosion side reaction are inhibited, the stability of the zinc negative electrode is improved, and the cycling stability of the aqueous zinc ion battery is improved.

The invention belongs to the field of new energy nano material technology and water electrolysis hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a vacancy-rich Ru / RuSex heterostructure electrocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application of the vacancy-rich Ru / RuSex heterostructure electrocatalyst. The electrocatalyst is composed of a cubic phase RuSe2 matrix rich in selenium vacancy and metal Ru nano-particles which are uniformly distributed and stably anchored on the surface of RuSe2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing precursor RuSe2 powder by a hydrothermal method, and carrying out Joule heating treatment on the RuSe2 powder in an inert atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere environment to obtain the vacancy-rich Ru / RuSex heterostructure electrocatalyst. The catalyst disclosed by the invention shows excellent hydrogen evolution performance under alkaline water and alkaline seawater conditions, and overpotentials of only 21 mV and 26 mV under the current density of 10 mA. Cm <-2 > are respectively realized; and the battery can stably run for 400 hours under the current density of 800mA. Cm <-2 >.

The invention provides a manufacturing method of a boron-doped high-entropy electrolytic cell anode, and relates to the technical field of anode manufacturing, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: compounding a high-entropy oxide containing five transition metal elements of iron, cobalt, nickel, vanadium and chromium with a boron source, synthesizing a boron-doped precursor in one step through solvothermal, and annealing to synthesize a boron-doped high-entropy catalyst; the boron-doped high-entropy catalyst is prepared into slurry, the surface of a nickel felt substrate is uniformly coated with the slurry by adopting a high-pressure gas-assisted spraying process, a compact catalyst layer is formed after constant-temperature drying, and finally the composite high-entropy anode is prepared. Compared with a traditional precious metal-based anode, the anode reaction overpotential is remarkably reduced through the high-entropy multi-metal synergistic effect and the coupling effect of boron doping. The preparation process has the material cost advantage and large-scale production adaptability, and an innovative solution is provided for efficient development of alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, and discloses a weak-solvation non-aqueous electrolyte as well as a preparation method and application thereof. According to the weak solvation non-aqueous electrolyte, 1-methylimidazole is used as a solvent, and zinc bis (trifluoromethane sulfonimide) is used as a soluble salt. Zn < 2 + > forms a solvation structure of Zn (EMI) 4.99 (TFSI) 1.01 in the electrolyte. Along with the progress of an electrochemical reaction process, TFSIanions are preferentially reduced and decomposed, and an organic-inorganic hybrid double-layer SEI film rich in inorganic components such as ZnF2, ZnS and ZnNx is formed on the surface of a zinc negative electrode, so that the problems of hydrogen evolution side reaction and zinc dendrite existing in an aqueous electrolyte are effectively avoided, and efficient and reversible deposition / stripping of Zn < 2 + > is realized. The zinc ion battery using the electrolyte shows ultra-long cycle life, ultra-low overpotential, high coulombic efficiency and wide temperature adaptability, and a new solution is provided for practical application of the zinc ion battery.

To provide a film-forming device capable of stabilizing a film thickness distribution of a protective film.SOLUTION: A film-forming device according to the present invention includes: a film-forming chamber; a holder for holding a substrate inside the film-forming chamber; an inlet pipe for introducing a carbon-containing source gas into the film-forming chamber; a cathode electrode with a filament shape; a first power supply that heats the cathode electrode by applying current; an anode electrode provided around the cathode electrode; a second power supply that generates a discharge between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode; a third power supply that applies the potential difference between the cathode electrode or the anode electrode and the substrate; an ionization region, in which the gas is ionized by the discharge; and an acceleration region, in which the ionized gas is accelerated by the potential difference, in which a soft magnetic cylinder is provided around the acceleration region.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention provides an electrode assembly, a battery monomer, a secondary battery and an electric device. The electrode assembly comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole current collector and an isolating membrane positioned between the positive pole piece and the negative pole current collector, the electrode assembly further comprises a modification layer, the modification layer is located between the negative electrode current collector and the isolating membrane, and the modification layer comprises a substrate material and an active material dispersed in the substrate material; the lithium metal nucleation overpotential of the substrate material is greater than or equal to 80 mV, and the lithium metal nucleation overpotential of the active material is smaller than the lithium metal nucleation overpotential of the substrate material. The modification layer in the electrode assembly can reduce volume expansion of metals such as lithium, sodium and the like on the negative electrode current collector in the deposition process, so that the risk of puncturing the isolating membrane due to the volume expansion is reduced, and the reliability and the cycle performance of the battery are improved.

The invention discloses a nickel-molybdenum hydrogen evolution electrode and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. The preparation method of the nickel-molybdenum hydrogen evolution electrode provided by the invention comprises the following steps: carrying out alkali oil removal and acid activation treatment on a nickel net to obtain a pretreated nickel net; and the pretreated nickel net serves as a cathode, electrodeposition is conducted in electroplating liquid containing nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium molybdate dehydrate, sodium citrate dehydrate, boric acid, sodium chloride and an additive, separation and collection are conducted, and the nickel-molybdenum hydrogen evolution electrode is obtained. The overpotential of the prepared hydrogen evolution electrode material can be as low as 44 mV under the current density of 10 mA cm <-2 >, and the overpotential of the hydrogen evolution electrode material can be as low as 118.5 mV under the current density of 100 mA cm <-2 >. And under the current density of 100 mA cm <-2 > and in a 1 mol / L KOH solution at normal temperature, the material can stably run for more than 250 hours, has excellent stability, and has a wide application prospect in the field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.

The invention relates to an enzyme-mimic CeO2-based multi-active-site catalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, an electrolytic tank and a battery. CeO2 nanorods are synthesized through hydrothermal and high-temperature pyrolysis methods, and then metal ions are anchored to the surfaces of the CeO2 nanorods through strong interaction of carriers; metal nanoclusters and nanoparticles with specific sizes are synthesized, and then chemical vapor deposition reaction is performed through sodium hypophosphite, so that the bionic nano-enzyme electrocatalyst with multiple active sites is obtained. The multi-active-site catalytic material provided by the invention has high selectivity of ammonia production from nitrate radicals, ammonia production efficiency and Faraday efficiency when being used as a cathode. When the RuO2 is used as an anode, in an alkaline water electrolysis reaction, when the current density is 50 mA / cm < 2 >, the overpotential is 288 mV, which is far better than that of commercial RuO2. Based on excellent oxidation and reduction performance, the zinc nitrate battery has high power density, high ammonia yield and good charge-discharge cycle stability, and nitrate removal, ammonia production and power supply can be achieved at the same time.

The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary battery processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a metal interface layer coated zinc powder negative electrode, which comprises the following steps: adding an additive into a solvent, continuously stirring for 0.5-6 hours, then adding a zinc salt and other metal salts, and continuously stirring until the solution is transparent; taking a platinum net as a counter electrode and a reference electrode, taking zinc powder as a working electrode, carrying out electro-deposition under the condition of constant current or constant voltage, and keeping for 0.1-12 hours; then drying to obtain a zinc powder negative electrode with a metal interface layer; the preparation process is simple, pollution-free, mild in reaction condition, high in safety, low in production cost and suitable for large-scale production, deposition of metal elements can be achieved by preparing the metal interface coating through an electro-deposition method, and low deposition overpotential and long circulation stability of the zinc powder negative electrode are guaranteed by introducing a metal interface.

The invention relates to an ultra-small platinum-ruthenium-iron-cobalt-nickel-copper high-entropy alloy particle / carbon paper composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Metal chloride and carbon paper serve as raw materials, the ultra-small platinum-ruthenium-iron-cobalt-nickel-copper high-entropy alloy particle / carbon paper composite material us-HEA / CFP is prepared through a solvothermal method and high-temperature thermal shock, and the preparation method comprises the following steps that a, a platinum-ruthenium-iron-cobalt-nickel-copper precursor / carbon paper is prepared through the solvothermal method; b, the precursor is subjected to high-temperature thermal shock to prepare us-HEA / CFP, the overpotentials under the current density of-100 mA / cm <-2 >,-500 mA / cm <-2 > and-1000 mA / cm <-2 > are only 31.4 mV, 69.2 mV and 102.5 mV respectively, and the Tafel slope is 28.9 mV dec-1. When the temperature is 60 DEG C, an anion exchange membrane electrolytic cell constructed by taking us-HEA / CFP as a cathode needs the voltage of 1.94 V to reach the industrial-grade current density of 1000 mA cm <-2 >, and the anion exchange membrane electrolytic cell can stably operate for 500 hours under the current density, so that the anion exchange membrane electrolytic cell shows great practical application potential. The method can be expanded to design of other high-entropy materials, and a new idea is provided for efficient preparation of an electrocatalyst with excellent performance.

This invention discloses a zinc-iodine battery and an electrode carrier that can simultaneously suppress polyiodine ion shuttle and regulate zinc deposition behavior, wherein the electrode carrier is Cu. + Coordinated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (Cu-PEDOT), via a solvothermal method, to convert Cu... + It was prepared by coordinating with S atoms in the PEDOT framework. I₂ was loaded onto this support as the positive electrode, and Zn was electrochemically deposited as the negative electrode to assemble a battery. The atomically monodisperse Cu in this invention... + It not only enhances the chemisorption of polyiodides as a Lewis active site, but also significantly reduces I... ‑ / I 0 Conversion energy barrier, accelerates reaction kinetics and suppresses shuttle effect; at the same time, Cu + The zinc-affinity property of the substrate reduces the Zn nucleation overpotential, guides Zn to deposit uniformly along the (002) crystal plane, and suppresses dendrites. Zinc-iodine batteries based on this substrate exhibit excellent rate performance and ultra-long cycle stability, and achieve dendrite-free negative electrode growth even under high depth-of-discharge conditions. This invention solves the problem of simultaneous multi-iodide shuttle in the positive electrode and zinc dendrite growth in the negative electrode using a single substrate, significantly improving the energy density and cycle life of the battery.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrode materials, in particular to a Na / SnF2 electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. The first purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a Na / SnF2 electrode, which comprises the following steps: in a glove box protected by inert atmosphere, uniformly coating the surface of a sodium metal sheet with dried SnF2 powder to form a SnF2 layer, and then carrying out heating reaction to enable the SnF2 layer to completely react with Na to obtain the Na / SnF2 electrode. On one hand, a uniform, compact, mechanically firm and NaF-rich SEI protection layer is directly generated on the Na surface, and on the other hand, the metal Na and SnF2 are subjected to a chemical reaction to generate a sodium-tin alloy as a sodium-philic site to guide uniform deposition of sodium. The Na / SnF2 composite electrode prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention shows relatively small overpotential and excellent cycling stability in a symmetrical battery.