125results about How to "Reduces electrochemical polarization" patented technology

This invention relates to a kind of improving method of lithium ionic cell cathode materials. The cathode materials in need of improving are mixed evenly with catalyst which has 0.1úÑ-10úÑ weight percent of cathode materials. The materials are then put into reaction furnace, which uses hydrocarbon as carbon source. The cathode materials are mixed with buffer gas according to 1í†(0-10) volume ratio. Then the mixture are reacted in reaction furnace at 600-1300íµ for 1-900 minutes. A kind of improved composite cathode materials, at the surface of which in-situ grows nanometer carbon fibrin/ carbon tube, are gained. The improved materials have good cell kinetic ability, circulating ability, charge-discharge capacity and consistency with electrolyte.

The invention discloses a lead acid battery taking graphene as an additive, and relates to a lead acid battery technology. The lead acid battery comprises a battery shell, a positive plate grid, a negative plate grid, a partition board and electrolyte, wherein the positive and negative plate grids are positioned in the battery shell; the partition board is positioned between the positive and negative plate grids; and the electrolyte is filled into the shell. The lead acid battery is characterized in that: the positive plate grid is manufactured by coating cathode lead paste and performing curing, drying and formation; the negative plate grid is manufactured by coating anode lead paste and performing the curing, the drying and the formation; and the cathode lead paste or the anode lead paste or both take the graphene as the additive. The lead acid battery provided by the invention takes the graphene material as the additive, can be rapidly charged and discharged, and simultaneously has high capacity and relatively longer charging and discharging circulation service life.

The invention discloses an electrode material of a lithium-ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The electrode material is lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) with the surface coated with nano-copper and is prepared by using the following method: water solution of ferrous phosphate and lithium phosphate is evenly mixed according to a chemical formula, and is added with a stabilizer OP-10 water solution for mixing and stirring, the mixed solution is controlled at a certain temperature for precipitation, and then the precipitate is filtered, rinsed and aired. Heat treatment is carried out for an aired precursor obtained from the previous step at high temperature, therefore a lithium iron phosphate semi-finished product is obtained. The problem of the imperfect particle size of the lithium iron phosphate is solved by controlling the process conditions. Copper nitrate solution is mixed with the lithium iron phosphate semi-finished product and is added with vitamin C for reducing to obtain the copper; metal copper is evenly clad on the surface of the lithium iron phosphate particles. The preparation method has simple operational procedure; the lithium-ion battery anode material of the prepared lithium-ion battery electrode material has high ionic conductivity and electron conductivity, the 1C initial specific capacity is not less than 162mAh/g and the lC tap density is not less than 1.5g/cm<3>.

The invention discloses a negative plate of a secondary nickel-iron battery, a preparation method of the negative plate and a secondary nickel-iron battery of using the negative plate and belongs to the technical field of negative electrode materials for secondary nickel-iron batteries. According to the main points of the technical scheme, a negative active material in the negative plate of the secondary nickel-iron battery comprises an additive zinc-based multilayered hydroxide [ZnxMyM'z(OH)2].[(A<a->)n.mH2O]. The invention further particularly discloses a preparation method of the negative plate of the secondary nickel-iron battery and the secondary nickel-iron battery of using the negative plate. By adopting the novel negative plate of the secondary nickel-iron battery, the energy density and the rate capability of the secondary nickel-iron battery can be greatly improved and the cycle life of the secondary nickel-iron battery can be greatly prolonged.

The invention provides positive electrode material Fe<x>Co<1-x>S<2> powder of a thermal battery and preparation method for the powder. In the Fe<x>Co<1-x>S<2> powder, x is greater than 0 and less than 1. The positive electrode material Fe<x>Co<1-x>S<2> powder of the thermal battery is prepared by combination of advantages of two kinds of positive electrode materials of CoS<2> and FeS<2> by a method in combination of chemical deposition and high-temperature solid-phase reaction. The positive electrode material Fe<x>Co<1-x>S<2> powder of the thermal battery has the advantages of high capacity and high voltage platform of the FeS<2>, as well as the advantages of low electrical resistivity and thermal stability of CoS<2>, and is a novel positive electrode material of the thermal battery.

An energy saving anode used in electro-deposition of nonferrous metal is characterized in that the energy saving anode used in electro-deposition of nonferrous metal comprises a metal-conductive base-plate and at least one block of composite structure which is compounded by a metal layer with porous structure, wherein the structure is frame type, sandwich type and slab lattice type. The energy saving anode not only can effectively reduce true current density of the anode in electro-deposition of the nonferrous metal, reduce overpotential for oxygen evolution of the anode and lower energy consumption, but also can reduce the quality of the anode, reduce the creep deformation and the deformation of the anode, form a more dense oxydic film on the surface, reduce the corrosion rate of the anode, extend the service length of the anode and improve the quality of the cathode products. The energy saving anode can make a full use of the existing anode without changing the structure of the groove and have no effect to the process flow, and the energy saving anode has low preparing cost and low investment.

The invention relates to a lithium-salt-modified lithium ion battery anode material and a preparation method thereof. A dipping solid-phase technology is employed to distribute lithium ion in a lithium-containing compound in a graphite anode material, so that the lithium-modified lithium ion battery lithium-rich multi-channel type graphite anode material is obtained. The provided lithium ion battery anode material has the advantages of high initial charge/discharge efficiency, good cycling stability and the like. Additionally, the preparation method can be performed in air, the preparation process is simple, small-molecular gaseous oxides generated through high-temperature decomposition of a lithium salt compound or a mixture is capable of breaking through micro-nano channels in an anode carbon particle and clearing away obstacles in the channels in a diffusion and exhausting process, rapid channels for diffusion of lithium ion are provided, the diffusion coefficient of lithium ion in the anode material is improved, electrochemical polarization is reduced, and the heavy-current high-efficiency charge/discharge performance of the lithium ion battery is improved.

The invention relates to a method for making a lead-acid battery pole plate, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adopting a foamy carbon with a three-dimensional structure as a skeleton, and electroplating lead or lead alloy on the skeleton to obtain a grid; coating active materials on the grid, and solidifying and drying the grid; and casting a lead or lead-alloy frame on the grid subjected to solidification and drying to obtain the lead-acid battery pole plate. The lead-acid battery pole plate is environment-friendly, can greatly reduce the lead consumption and significantly reduce the weight of the battery pole plate, and can three-dimensionally contact the active materials so as to make the current and potential distributed more uniformly on the battery pole plate, thereby reducing the electrochemical polarization and polarization resistance on the surface of the battery, facilitating the transformation of the active materials, and improving the utilization ratio and specific energy of the active materials. The lead-acid battery pole plate prepared by the method adopts the lead or lead-alloy frame, can facilitate process after-treatment, and has good process processability.

The invention discloses a positive paste of a rapid-charge and rapid-discharge type high-power lithium ion battery and a manufacturing method. The positive paste comprises 10 to 35 parts of an activesubstance A, 62 to 81 parts of an active substance B, 1 to 3 parts of a conductive agent A, 1 to 3 parts of a conductive agent B and 1 to 3 parts of an adhesive A, wherein the active substance A is lithium cobalt oxide LiCoO2, lithium nickelate LiNiO2, lithium manganate LiMn2O4, lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4, lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4, manganese lithium iron phosphate LiFexMn1-xPO4 or lithium vanadium phosphate Li3V2(PO4)3; the active substance B is lithium nickel-cobalt manganate LiNixCo1-x-yMnyO2, wherein x+y is smaller than 1; the conductive agent A is a Ketjen Black or carbon nanotube; the conductive agent B is graphene or Super-P; and the adhesive A is modified polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF. By adopting the lithium ion battery, high power, rapid charge and rapid discharge can be met, and the service life is long.

The invention discloses a novel fuel cell manufacturing method based on a graphene thermoelectric management layer. The method comprises the following steps: forming a micron-grade concave-convex structure on a proton exchange membrane; preparing a catalytic layer on the surface of the proton exchange membrane with the concave-convex structure; preparing the thermoelectric management layer on the surface of the catalytic layer; preparing a diffusion layer on the surface of the thermoelectric management layer; and manufacturing a single cell in a flow field fixture. The thermoelectric management layer based on graphene has ultrahigh electronic conductivity and ultrahigh heat conductivity, so that electrons generated in an electrochemical reaction process of the fuel cell catalytic layer and required electrons can be exported and imported rapidly; electrochemical polarization and ohmic polarization are reduced; and the output performance is enhanced. Moreover, a large amount of waste heat generated by a catalyst can be discharged rapidly, and a stable electrochemical reaction is maintained. Meanwhile, the temperature and an electric field in the catalytic layer can be balanced, and the service life is prolonged. Moreover, a manufacturing process is simple and controllable, and suitable for industrial production.

The invention provides a graphene composite electrode material. The graphene composite electrode material comprises nitrogen-doped graphene and lead sulfate adsorbed between nitrogen-doped graphene sheet layers; the mass ratio of the nitrogen-doped graphene to the lead sulfate is 1:(10-20). When the graphene composite electrode material is applied to a negative electrode of a lead-carbon battery, the nitrogen-doped graphene is a non-polarity material and can be well compatible with electrolyte-sulfuric acid of the lead-carbon battery, so that reduction of the electrochemical polarization of the negative electrode is facilitated. The interlayer spacing of the nitrogen-doped graphene is large so that the specific surface area is large and the nitrogen-doped graphene is suitable for being used as a growing point of a lead sulfate crystalline grain under a large-power condition; the sulfation of the negative electrode under the large-power condition is reduced so that the cycle life of the negative electrode is prolonged and the cycle performance of the lead-carbon battery is improved. The invention further provides a preparation method of the graphene composite electrode material, lead-carbon battery negative electrode lead plaster and a preparation method thereof, and the lead-carbon battery.

This invention refers to cell industrial material, a doping modified electrolytic manganese dioxide containing gamma-MnO2 for lithium manganese dioxide cell, which is doped with any kind or more than any two kinds among 0.3-12.5 % of V2O5, 0.12-10.0 % of SiO2 and 0.01-6.0 % of Bi2O3 through mixing calcinations to obtain said material which can raise manganese dioxide electrochemistry activity, reduce electrochemical polarization and raise discharge capacity of cell.

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy materials and devices, and particularly relates to a WS2/CNTs modified diaphragm of a lithium-sulfur battery and a preparation method of theWS2/CNTs modified diaphragm. The WS2/CNTs modified diaphragm comprises a diaphragm matrix and a modified layer laid on the surface of one side of the diaphragm matrix, wherein the modified layer is composed of a WS2/CNTs composite material. Hydroxylated CNTs serve as a carrier, CTAB serves as a surfactant, TAA and WCl6 serve as an S source and a W source respectively, a WS2/CNTs composite materialis prepared through a one-step hydrothermal method, the WS2/CNTs composite material is subjected to suction filtration on the surface of one side of a commercial battery diaphragm base body, and themodified diaphragm for the lithium-sulfur battery is obtained. The WS2/CNTs modified diaphragm can effectively solve the shuttle effect problem of the lithium-sulfur battery and improve the specific capacity, coulombic efficiency and cycle life of the battery while ensuring the electrochemical reaction activity of the lithium-sulfur battery and the smooth penetration of lithium ions, and meanwhile, the overall mass of the modified layer is relatively light, so that the overall energy density of the lithium-sulfur battery is not influenced.

The invention relates to the field of chemical power supply and electrochemical catalysis, in particular to a method for constructing seed tree effect of high specific surface carbon fiber mat and application thereof. In the post-treatment process of carbon fiber mat, carbon fiber mat composite electrode with high specific surface area was formed by bonding, growth and deposition of typical nano-functional materials on the surface of carbon fiber mat. Like trees planted on the surface of carbon fiber, these nano-functional materials can not only directly increase the surface area of carbon fiber mat composite electrode, but also improve the wettability of carbon fiber mat and thereby increase its electrochemical surface area. The invention mainly utilizes the tree planting effect of the typical nano functional material to make the prepared carbon fiber felt composite electrode have high electrochemical surface area, and the electrode is used as the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material of the vanadium battery, so that the electrochemical polarization in the reaction process of the vanadium battery can be greatly reduced, and the charging and discharging performance of the vanadium battery can be further improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a self-humidifying ordered polymer membrane electrode, belonging to the technical field of membrane electrode preparation. An ordered ion exchange polymer nanotube array prepared through the method is fused together with a polymer membrane and is provided with highly ordered ion, electron and gas mass transfer channels, and electrochemical three-phase reaction interfaces are distributed in the outer surfaces of polymer nanotubes with water storage functions, so that a high-efficiency energy conversion process can be carried out in a self-humidifying manner. A catalyst in a nanoparticle or microparticle state is bonded on the surface of the ion exchange polymer nanotube array to form a catalysis layer and is relatively high in specific surface area and catalytic activity, so that the three-phase reaction interfaces of the membrane electrode are greatly added, the electrochemical polarization, the ohmic polarization and the concentration polarization of the electrode are reduced, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, and the reaction speed is increased. According to the preparation method, a membrane electrochemical reactor system is expected to be remarkably simplified, the energy conversion efficiency and the stability are improved, and the operation life is prolonged.

The invention relates to a negative electrode of a zinc-bromine flow battery for energy storage and a manufacture method of the negative electrode. The electrode comprises a carbon plastic composite material plate, and a porous layer having high specific surface area and adhered onto one side surface of the carbon plastic composite material plate. The porous layer is composed of a binding agent and a porous material, wherein the binding agent is selected from chlorinated polypropylene or chlorinated polyethylene; the porous material includes active carbon, carbon-supported metal, graphite or carbon black, with a weight ratio of (1 to 5): (1 to 15); the loading amount of the porous material on the carbon plastic composite material plate is 0.5mg/cm<2> to 10mg/cm<2>. The negative electrode adopting the porous carbon plastic composite material with high specific surface area can increase the contact area between electrolyte and the electrode and suppress electrochemical polarization of zinc deposition and dissolving of the negative electrode, and has higher conductivity, thereby greatly improving battery performance.

The invention provides a preparation method of a vanadium battery negative electrode solution. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) mixing vanadic oxide, oxalic acid and sulfuric acid in a ratio; (2) adding sulfuric acid to the mixture obtained in the step (1), heating so that the vanadic oxide is fully dissolved, and boiling for 45-60 minutes, to obtain a vanadyl sulfate solution; (3) electrifying the vanadyl sulfate solution to remove excessive oxalic acid and obtain a mixture of trivalent vanadium ions and bivalent vanadium ions; (4) adding an appropriate amount of bivalent vanadium oxide electrolyte to the mixture obtained in the step (3) to remove the bivalent vanadium ions and obtain the vanadium battery negative electrode solution; and (5) adding toluene sulfonic acid to the vanadium battery negative electrode solution as the catalyst. The preparation method has the advantages that through adding the toluene sulfonic acid to the vanadium battery negative electrode solution as the catalyst, the reversibility of the electrode process is improved, the electrochemical polarization is reduced, the vanadium battery energy efficiency is increased, and the viscosity of the negative electrode solution is reduced.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a trivalent scandium or chromium-doped spinel-type lithium-rich lithium manganate cathode material. The preparation method is characterized in that 1, lithium, manganese, and scandium or chromium compounds are weighed according to a lithium-manganese-doping ion mole ratio of x: y: z, and x is greater than or equal to 0.97 and less than or equal to 1.08, y is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.20 and z is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.17; 2, the weighed compounds are mixed, a wet grinding medium is added into the mixture so that a predecessor 1 is obtained, and the predecessor 1 is dried to form a predecessor 2; and 3, the trivalent scandium or chromium-doped spinel-type lithium-rich lithium manganate anode material is obtained by a two-stage sintering method. The preparation method has a low raw material cost, reduces electrochemical polarization of lithium ion embedding and removal by doping, improves heavy current discharge performances and lays a good foundation for industrialization.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a nickel-copper alloy plating layer on the surface of carbon steel. The method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment, wherein a carbon steel workpiece is pretreated to obtain a carbon steel base material for later use; (2) preparation of an electroplating solution, wherein nickel sulfate, copper sulfate, trisodium citrate, boric acid, an additive and a brightener are dissolved in deionized water to prepare the electroplating solution for later use, and the concentrations of nickel sulfate, copper sulfate, trisodium citrate, boric acid, the additive and the brightener in the electroplating solution are 170-200 g/L, 5-20 g/L, 60-100 g/L, 10-25 g/L, 0.05-1 g/L and 0.1-1 g/L respectively; and (3) preparation of the nickel-copper alloy plating layer, wherein the carbon steel base material is immersed into the electroplating solution, the carbon steel base material serves as a cathode, one of monel alloy, pure nickel, graphite and pure copper serves as an anode, and electroplating deposition is conducted on the carbon steel base material to form the nickel-copper alloy plating layer. The nickel-copper alloy plating layer prepared through the method not only can effectively solve the problem of corrosion of a fluorine-making electrolytic cell made of carbon steel, but also has good thermal conductivity and strong binding force with the carbon steel base material.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery materials, and in particular relates to a modification method for coating a silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material interface with modified asphalt. The asphalt-coated silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material is subjected to interface modification by utilizing specially selected phenolic resin, so that the silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material with high rate performance and high first rate is prepared. And a compact nano carbon coating layer with low pore defect degree is formed, so that the defects such as cracks and holes on the surfaces of nano silicon and graphite can be effectively repaired, irreversible consumption of a large number of active lithium ions in the charging and discharging process of a battery is avoided, and irreversible reduction of the battery capacity is remarkably reduced. Therefore, the asphalt-coated silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material is subjected to interface modification by utilizing the mutual synergistic effect of the phenolic resin and the asphalt, the capacity diving condition during high-current charging and discharging of the battery is obviously delayed, and the rate capability and coulombic efficiency of the material are improved.

A method for synthesizing a graphene/carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate small-scale nanometer composite material by an aniline polymerization confinement effect belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries and aims to solve the problems that an existing lithium iron phosphate is small in active area and poor in electronic conductivity and the large-rate charge-discharge requirement is difficultto met. During the synthesis process, aniline is catalyzed and polymerized by ferric ions absorbed onto a graphene oxide surface in advance, the aniline reacts with phosphate radical to generate ironphosphate precipitant, two sets of reaction are simultaneously performed, the generated polyaniline wraps iron phosphate particle, the phosphate radical is prevented from being contacted with the ferric ions, the iron phosphate particle is prevented from being grown by the confinement effect, so that a small-scale nanometer precursor is obtained, a lithium source is introduced, and sintering is performed to prepare the graphene/carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate small-scale nanometer composite material. The grain size of the iron phosphate particle in the composite is smaller than 40 nanometers, carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate is anchored onto the graphene surface to form a sandwiched layer structure of an amorphous carbon layer/lithium iron phosphate/graphene layer, and the graphene/carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate small-scale nanometer composite material has favorable cycle property.