188 results about "Porous layer" patented technology

A gas separation membrane for separating carbon dioxide includes: a separation layer formed of a polymer material and having a function of selecting and separating carbon dioxide; and a porous substrate including a first porous layer and a second porous layer. The gas separation membrane has a layer thickness T1 of 0.1 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less, an average pore diameter d1 of 10 nm or more and 10,000 nm or less, an aperture ratio A1 of 40% or more and 80% or less, a maximum height roughness R1 of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, a layer thickness T2 of 10 μm or more and 1,000 μm or less, a ratio d2 / d1 of an average pore diameter d2 to the average pore diameter d1 of 1.1 or more and 10,000 or less, and a ratio A2 / A1 of an aperture ratio A2 to the aperture ratio A1 of 1.1 or more and 2.0 or less.

The invention relates to an integrated chip heat dissipation cover plate structure which comprises a substrate and a top cover connected and installed above the substrate, a sealed heat exchange cavity is defined between the substrate and the top cover, a plurality of rib columns or fins are integrally arranged on the top face of the substrate, the top face of the substrate is covered with a porous layer, the rib columns or the fins penetrate into the porous layer, and the top face of the substrate is covered with a heat dissipation layer. A plurality of micro concave holes are formed in the surface of the porous layer, and a radiator connector for cooling working media to flow in and flow out is connected to the top cover. Compared with the prior art, heat is guided into the heat exchange cavity through the substrate to achieve efficient heat exchange, the integrated chip heat dissipation cover plate can effectively reduce thermal resistance, heat dissipated during high-frequency work of the chip can be efficiently taken away by means of phase change cooling, meanwhile, a heat dissipation system is integrated in the heat dissipation cover plate, and heat dissipation efficiency is improved. The size is small, and the structure is simple.

The invention relates to a chlorine dioxide sustained-release ball, which relates to the technical field of environmental protection and disinfection, and comprises an activated alumina ball and an inorganic porous layer from inside to outside, wherein the activated aluminum oxide ball is loaded with sodium chlorite and a porous film, and the inorganic porous layer is loaded with the porous film. The chlorine dioxide sustained-release ball disclosed by the invention realizes the goals of high load, long period, constant-speed release and stable physical form.

The present application relates to a kind of high-temperature-resistant inductive angle sensor, belong to angle sensor technical field.The sensor includes: gradient composite ceramic substrate Al2O3-ZrO2-Al2O3, realize thermal expansion coefficient gradient matching by intermediate layer zirconium oxide doped yttrium oxide, reduce thermal stress cracking risk;Substrate surface is formed with micro-arc oxidation porous layer in turn titanium nitride nanocrystalline layer, improve surface bonding force;Atomic layer deposition process is used to prepare TiN or TiN / Ag composite film coil, improve temperature resistance;Through electron beam welding and transient liquid phase bonding composite process coil and circuit;Insulating encapsulation layer is made of boron nitride nanosheet and high-temperature-resistant resin, improve thermal conductivity and breakdown field strength.The present application is through gradient substrate design, thin film coil integration and composite process optimization, solves the thermal stress failure of traditional inductive sensor under high temperature, coil oxidation and insulation aging problem, suitable for angle measurement under extreme environment.

This invention provides a method for constructing a stiffness equivalent model of a porous laminated structural member, including: S1, obtaining the unit cell characteristic size parameters of the pores on the laminates; S2, constructing a unit cell solid model of the laminates; S3, constructing a unit cell solid finite element analysis model of the laminates; S4, preprocessing the unit cell solid finite element analysis model; S5, calculating the stiffness equivalent modulus of the laminates at different temperatures; S6, repeating steps S1 to S5 to calculate the stiffness equivalent modulus of all laminates in the porous laminated structural member in each direction at different temperatures; S7, performing integrated boundary processing on the stiffness equivalent modulus calculated in step S6 to construct the stiffness equivalent model of the porous laminated structural member. This method can simplify porous laminated structural members into non-porous laminated structural models, effectively reflecting the mechanical properties of porous laminated structural members, while significantly improving computational efficiency and accuracy, and has broad engineering application prospects.

A porous transport layer, PTL, (200) for a water electrolyzer (100). The porous transport layer comprises a porous layer (210), where the porous layer (210) is a porous structure comprising irregular pores (212) and solid sections (213). At least a first surface (211) of the porous layer (210) is formed by a first plurality of solid sections (213). At least some of the solid sections (213) in the first plurality have at least one surface that is substantially flat and arranged facing outwards from the porous layer such that it forms part of the first surface (211).

[Problem] To provide: a nano-imprint molding template that has high gas permeability, and that has high strength and can be used for a long period of time in an industrial production process; a mold using the template; and a method for manufacturing the mold. [Solution] A mold 3 has attached thereto an imprint molding template 8 that is an extremely stable composition obtained by combining a silicon-containing monomer and a titanium-containing monomer. The mold 3 has a gas permeation gradient function part 10 formed by laminating a porous layer 6 and a lattice layer 7 on a truss layer 5. The materials of the truss layer 5, the porous layer 6, and the lattice layer 7 are each a sintered metal material, and functions of respective parts thereof are realized by adjusting the sintering temperature and the sintering time. The sintering is continuously performed starting from the truss layer 5 to the porous layer 6 and the lattice layer 7.

An electrochemical apparatus includes a separator, a positive electrode plate, and an electrolyte solution, where the separator includes a porous layer, and an average pore diameter of the porous layer is 0.5 μm to 18 μm; the electrolyte solution includes propyl propionate, and based on a mass of the electrolyte solution, a mass content of propyl propionate is 25% to 55%; and the positive electrode plate includes a positive active material layer, the positive active material layer includes a conductive agent, the conductive agent includes at least one of conductive carbon black or Ketjen black, and a specific surface area of the conductive agent is 600 m2 / g to 1100 m2 / g.

The utility model discloses a heating body, an atomizer and an aerosol generating device. The heating body comprises a storage piece, a base body and a heating piece. The storage piece is provided with a storage cavity, and the storage cavity is used for storing an aerosol generating substrate. The matrix comprises a porous layer and a compact layer, the porous layer is provided with a flow channel for the aerosol generating matrix to flow, the compact layer and the storage piece are arranged on the two opposite sides of the porous layer respectively, the periphery of the matrix extends out of the periphery of the storage piece, and the compact layer is used for preventing the aerosol generating matrix from flowing out of the side, connected with the compact layer, of the porous layer. The heating piece is arranged on the base body and used for heating the aerosol generating substrate. According to the heating element, the atomizer and the aerosol generating device, the heating element can preheat the aerosol generating substrate through the storage element, and a preheating circuit does not need to be additionally arranged, so that the structure of the heating element can be simplified, and miniaturization of the heating element is facilitated.

The application provides a cavity structure in bulk silicon and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing a silicon substrate; etching a first porous layer on the upper surface of the silicon substrate; etching a second porous layer; removing the second porous layer by etching to form a cavity connected with the first porous layer; and forming a thin film layer on the upper surface of the silicon substrate and the upper surface of the first porous layer. The preparation method is simple, efficient and low in cost. Moreover, the size of the cavity and the uniformity of the thickness of the silicon thin film can be effectively controlled through the design of the first porous layer and the second porous layer.

To suppress deformation occurring during shaping in a method for three dimensional shaping by laminating thin layers formed by melting and solidifying powder.SOLUTION: In a powder bed type three dimensional shaping apparatus, metal powder is irradiated with a laser, the powder is melted and solidified to form a thin layer, and the thin layer is laminated to perform three dimensional shaping. At this time, a high-density layer L21 having a high density and a porous-density layer L22 having a low density are formed in a mixed manner by changing the amount of energy of laser irradiation. The high density layer and the microporous layer can be formed in various thicknesses (test pieces P2 to P4), and the high density layer and the microporous layer may be alternately formed (test pieces P6 to P9). In this way, by forming the high-density layer and the porous layer in a mixed manner, it is possible to suppress distortion without lowering the mechanical strength of the shaped article.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

The invention relates to a method for preparing a support (1) for a composite substrate (S) comprising forming a surface porous layer (P) on a first face (1c) of the support (1), and applying a viscous solution comprising a solvent and a precursor of a filler material to the first face (1c) of the support (1) so as to absorb at least a portion of the viscous solution into open pores of the surface porous layer (P). In a fourth step, the support (1) is heat-treated to transform the viscous solution present in the open pores so that they are filled with the filler material. Figure to be published with the abbreviation: Fig 1

Sensor element (10) for a gas sensor (100), comprising: an element base (1) which is a ceramic structure comprising a sensing part for sensing a gas component to be measured; and a protective layer (2) at the front end, which is a porous layer arranged around an outer edge of the element base (1) in a predetermined area of ​​an end section of the element base (1) on one side of the detection part and comprising: a first protective layer (21) at the front end, which is arranged on at least two main surfaces of the element base (1); a second protective layer (22) at the front end, arranged to cover the end section and four side surfaces of the element base (1), including the two main surfaces on which the first protective layer (21) is arranged at the front end; and a third protective layer (23) at the front end, arranged to cover the second protective layer (22) at the front end, wherein the first protective layer (21) at the front end has a porosity of 30% to 60% and a thickness of 15 µm to 50 µm; the second protective layer (22) at the front end has a porosity of 30% to 80% and a thickness 30 to 50 times that of the first protective layer (21) at the front end, and the third protective layer (23) at the front end has a porosity of 15% to 30% and a thickness 5 to 10 times that of the first protective layer (21) at the front end.

To provide a nano-imprint molding template that has a high gas permeability and high strength and can be used over a long period of time in an industrial production process, a mold using the same, and a method for manufacturing the mold.SOLUTION: A mold 3 fitted with an imprint molding template 8 made of an extremely stable composition comprising a combination of a silicon-containing monomer and a titanium-containing monomer has a gas-permeation functionally graded portion 10 formed by laminating a porous layer 6 and a lattice layer 7 on a truss layer 5. The truss layer 5, the porous layer 6 and the lattice layer 7 are made of a metal sintered material, and functions of each portion are realized by adjusting a sintering temperature and a sintering time. The sintering is continuously performed from the truss layer 5 to the porous layer 6 and the lattice layer 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

A method includes forming a metal cathode on a substrate, anodizing an outer surface of the metal cathode to form an anodized porous layer, and forming a metal anode over the anodized porous layer, wherein the anodized porous layer defines a dielectric layer between the metal anode and the metal cathode, and wherein the metal anode, the anodized porous layer, and the metal cathode define a sensor.

The invention relates to the technical field of fabricated wallboards, and discloses a heat preservation and sound insulation device for fabricated wallboards, comprising: a wallboard main body, the wallboard main body comprising an outer panel, an inner panel and a functional core layer arranged between the outer panel and the inner panel; the functional core layer is composed of a plurality of functional sub-layers which are stacked in the thickness direction and have continuously changing physical properties; the sealing strips are preformed, are arranged on the two splicing side edges of the wallboard main bodies and are used for forming joint sealing when the adjacent wallboard main bodies are spliced; and the rapid splicing assembly is used for rapidly connecting the adjacent wallboard main bodies, and the rapid splicing assembly comprises a rapid connecting piece arranged on one wallboard main body. Through the gradient design of the functional core layer, heat reflection, heat insulation and broadband sound absorption are orderly integrated. The outer compact layer and the middle gradient porous layer can effectively reflect radiant heat, block heat conduction and convection and attenuate wide-frequency-band sound wave energy, so that the wallboard component has heat preservation and full-frequency-band sound insulation and absorption performance.

A fuel supply device according to the present invention comprises: a housing that includes a fuel supply port through which a liquid fuel is supplied, a gas supply port through which a gas containing oxygen is supplied, and a fuel discharge port through which the liquid fuel is discharged; and a tube unit that is accommodated in the housing and that allows the gas to pass therethrough to reach the liquid fuel, wherein a plurality of tubes included in the tube unit are each constituted by a plurality of layers arranged in the radial direction of that tube, the plurality of layers include a porous layer and a non-porous layer which allows the gas to pass therethrough but which does not allow the liquid fuel to pass therethrough, and the non-porous layer is positioned between the porous layer and a region in the housing where the liquid fuel is accommodated.

In a general aspect, gettering elements are disclosed for absorbing gas species from a cavity of a vapor cell. In certain aspects, a vapor cell includes a dielectric body having interior and exterior surfaces. The interior surface defines a cavity in the dielectric body, and the exterior surface defines an opening to the cavity. The dielectric body also includes a channel having a porous layer that is configured to absorb a gas species from the cavity. The vapor cell also includes a vapor or a source of vapor residing in the cavity as well as an optical window that covers the opening to the cavity. The optical window has a surface bonded to the exterior surface of the dielectric body to form a bonded interface of the vapor cell. The bonded interface includes a seal around the opening, and the vapor or the source of vapor includes alkali metal atoms.

The invention discloses a gradient porous enhanced heat exchange plate with vertical microchannels and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: stamping a substrate to form a required macroscopic flow channel; a metal gradient porous layer with the average pore diameter gradually decreasing from the side close to the base plate to the side away from the base plate is constructed on the surface of the base plate with the macroscopic flow channel through a thermal spraying technology; performing scanning etching on the surface of the metal gradient porous layer by adopting short pulse laser equipment to form a series of vertical micro-channels; and carrying out thermal diffusion treatment on the sheet in a protective atmosphere. According to the method, the process of stamping and then thermal spraying is combined with laser etching, high-temperature deformation of the substrate is avoided, capillary force and a steam escape path are optimized through a gradient aperture structure, and directional high-speed steam escape and interface metallurgical bonding are achieved through the vertical microchannel array and thermal diffusion treatment; therefore, the heat transfer coefficient, the critical heat flux and the structural reliability of the heat exchange plate are synergistically improved.

A particle generator (1) for testing or calibrating particle measuring devices (5) is proposed, which has a reaction chamber (2), a drying chamber (3) downstream of the reaction chamber (2), wherein air is supplied to the reaction chamber (2) via a supply line (11) and the output of the drying chamber (3) can be connected to a particle measuring device (5) via a connecting line (12).In order to provide a particle stream or aerosol for testing or calibrating a particle measuring device (5) in a cost-effective manner, it is proposed that the reaction chamber (2) has a porous layer (21) on which a salt solution (22) is arranged, and that the supply of air into the reaction chamber (21) is made below the porous layer, so that rising bubbles are generated in the salt solution which, when they burst, release salt particles which are dried in the drying chamber (3) before the particles flow to the connecting line (12) in the form of an aerosol.

The embodiments relate to a liquid collection assembly comprising a porous material having a first porous layer, a second porous layer, and a support layer extending between the first and second porous layers. The embodiments further relate to a liquid collection system comprising the liquid collection assembly, and to methods of making and using the liquid collection assembly. In the embodiments, a liquid collection assembly is disclosed. The liquid collection assembly has a chamber, at least one opening, and a liquid-impermeable layer that at least defines the chamber. The liquid collection assembly further comprises a porous material disposed within the chamber. The porous material has a first porous layer, a second porous layer, and a support layer disposed and extending between the first and second porous layers.

This invention relates to the field of fiber optic sensing technology, specifically to a method for fabricating a low-temperature temperature-sensitive fiber grating based on a negative thermal expansion material coating, and the low-temperature temperature-sensitive fiber grating structure thereof. The method includes the following steps: preparing and pre-treating an optical fiber core layer; coating the outer periphery of the optical fiber core layer with nano-sized zirconium hafnium to obtain a stress transfer layer; preparing a low-temperature negative thermal expansion coefficient sensitizing material powder and coating it on the outer periphery of the optical fiber stress transfer layer to obtain a negative thermal expansion material sensitizing coating layer; constructing a porous structure on the surface of the obtained negative thermal expansion material sensitizing coating layer to form a porous layer on the surface of the negative thermal expansion material; and encapsulating a composite shell structure on the outside of the porous layer on the surface of the negative thermal expansion material to obtain a metal sheath layer. The fiber grating structure provided by this invention, for adapting to the production of temperature sensors, can simultaneously solve the failure problems of traditional sensors in the 4K ultra-low temperature region, the interference problems of electrical sensors in strong electromagnetic field environments, and the sealing failure problems caused by material brittleness in cryogenic environments.

A chemical reactor implemented on a substrate is described. The chemical reactor includes at least one channel for transporting a liquid and / or gas during operation of the chemical reactor. The channel comprises pillar structures perpendicular to the bottom of the channel having a transverse section parallel to the bottom that is substantially rectangular and wherein the pillar structures are provided with a porous layer of substantially homogeneous thickness applied via electrochemical anodising.

The invention discloses a secondary battery, a preparation method thereof and an electric device. The secondary battery comprises an electrode plate, the electrode plate comprises a porous metal foil, the porous metal foil comprises a first porous layer, a solid layer and a second porous layer, and the solid layer is laminated and combined between the first porous layer and the second porous layer; the first porous layer comprises a first surface layer and a first transition layer, and the porosity of the first surface layer is greater than that of the first transition layer; the second porous layer comprises a second surface layer and a second transition layer, and the porosity of the second surface layer is larger than that of the second transition layer. According to the three-dimensional porous metal foil, the solid layer is introduced between the two porous layers, so that the tensile property of the whole three-dimensional porous metal foil can be improved. And meanwhile, the porosity of the porous layer is changed in a gradient manner, so that the transition between the porous layer and the solid layer is stable and relaxed, the stress distribution of the porous metal foil with the three-layer structure is more uniform, and the interlayer peeling strength is improved.

The utility model relates to the field of vapor deposition, in particular to a gas distribution device and a deposition cavity. The deposition cavity comprises a gas distribution device and a substrate. The gas distribution device comprises a diffusion plate horizontally arranged on the top of the inner side of the deposition cavity. The diffusion plate comprises an upper isolation layer, a lower isolation layer and a porous layer connected between the upper isolation layer and the lower isolation layer, the density of the porous layer is smaller than or equal to 40% of the density of the upper isolation layer, and a plurality of gas through holes are evenly distributed in the surface of the diffusion plate and penetrate through the upper isolation layer, the lower isolation layer and the porous layer. The substrate is horizontally arranged below the diffusion plate and is opposite to the diffusion plate, and the substrate and the diffusion plate are both connected to a power supply and are respectively used as an upper electrode and a lower electrode for plasma discharge during deposition. The porous layer with lower density is arranged between the upper isolation layer and the lower isolation layer, so that the overall density and mechanical strength of the diffusion plate are reduced, the weight is reduced under the condition that the thickness of the diffusion plate is kept, and deformation of the diffusion plate caused by self weight, uneven heating and the like is inhibited.

This solves the problem of inefficient heat exchange using conventional heat exchange tubes. [Solution] The invention comprises a tube and a porous layer, wherein the tube has a plurality of ribs, the plurality of ribs extending along the axial direction of the tube and forming the inner circumferential wall of the tube, the porous layer has a plurality of pores, the porous layer is located at least on the plurality of ribs, the porous layer has a first layer and a second layer, the first layer covers the plurality of ribs, the second layer is located on the surface of the first layer, and the average pore diameter of the plurality of pores in the second layer is greater than the average pore diameter of the plurality of pores in the first layer. According to the present invention, the efficiency of heat exchange can be increased.

According to the integrated two-phase liquid cooling plate and the preparation method, a porous layer is attached to the periphery of a micro-channel, so that the specific surface area of the micro-channel can be increased, and when liquid flows out through the micro-channel, capillary force provided by the porous layer on the micro-channel can rapidly guide heat on the liquid cooling plate into the liquid; due to the porous structure, liquid can be vaporized to form vaporization nucleation sites, and a gas-liquid two-phase region is formed, so that rapid and efficient heat transfer is realized; moreover, the method for preparing the porous material by synthesizing the porous intermetallic compound through the reaction of corresponding metal element powder has the compromise characteristic of metal and ceramic, and has the advantage that multistage micro-nano pores can be generated in situ.

The invention provides a TPMS self-suction phase change sweating cooling porous structure and a construction method thereof. Comprising a liquid phase conveying area used for initial entering and stable conveying of cooling liquid, a capillary liquid supply area used for continuously conveying the cooling liquid to the position close to the high-temperature environment side through the capillary action under the condition of no additional pump and a phase change evaporation area used for phase change evaporation and heat exchange of the cooling liquid, and the liquid phase conveying area, the capillary liquid supply area and the phase change evaporation area are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode in the thickness direction. A gas phase outlet area used for discharging steam generated by phase change in a directional and low-resistance manner is embedded in a local area, close to the high-temperature environment side, in the phase change evaporation area; the invention has the following beneficial effects: continuous fusion of different TPMS structures is realized in the porous layer along the thickness direction, and a gas phase outlet structure based on TPMS topological characteristics is arranged on the high-temperature side, so that stable self-suction transportation of a cooling liquid and directional and efficient discharge of a gas phase are realized; therefore, the heat transfer efficiency, the operation stability and the structural integrity of phase change sweating cooling are improved.