300 results about "Porous layer" patented technology

The invention discloses a circuit board etching device and method, and the method comprises the steps: S1, providing a substrate, forming a laser activation micro-channel on the surface of the substrate, carrying out the plasma cleaning of the substrate, and pressing a gradient copper foil layer; s2, based on the thickness distribution data of the gradient copper foil layer, establishing an etching parameter prediction model, and generating a pressure-temperature dynamic regulation and control curve; s3, preparing a first-stage etching solution, carrying out spraying treatment, and etching the surface layer of the gradient copper foil layer under the assistance of ultrasonic waves to form a porous layer; s4, switching to a second-stage etching solution to directionally etch the porous layer of the gradient copper foil layer to a target residual thickness; s5, performing surface leveling treatment on the etched circuit board, and verifying the etching precision based on a high-frequency impedance test result; gradient copper layer dynamic parameter regulation and control are combined with a two-stage etching process, high-frequency impedance verification and surface leveling have a synergistic effect, signal transmission loss can be reduced, and the method is suitable for manufacturing high-frequency and high-speed circuit boards.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, in particular to a high-strength light solid waste-based multi-shell concrete functional aggregate and a preparation method thereof. The concrete functional aggregate has a three-layer spherical structure, and an internal core layer is a porous layer, provides partial strength and keeps low density; the middle layer is a strength layer and is responsible for cooperating with the core layer to provide higher strength; and the outer shell layer is a functional layer and mainly realizes slow release, temperature regulation and other properties of the aggregate. According to the invention, a traditional sintering process is abandoned, comprehensive utilization of solid wastes such as fly ash, gypsum, slag and the like is realized, and the technical problems of high density, low strength, high water absorption rate and poor interface adhesion performance with other materials of the existing sintering-free artificial aggregate can be effectively solved.

The invention discloses a gradient pressing and pore interlocking titanium-aluminum composite profile preparation method which comprises the following steps: S1, density differential pressing of titanium powder, unequal-thickness powder filling is carried out in a cavity, and a gradient density titanium material layer is formed through pressing; s2, primary sintering is conducted, specifically, the titanium material layer with the gradient density in the step S1 is sintered; s3, aluminum powder is pressed, specifically, aluminum alloy powder is added into the mold for secondary pressing compounding to form an aluminum material layer, and the aluminum powder permeates to the surface of the loose layer; and S4, secondary sintering permeation enhancement is carried out, vacuum sintering and pressure sintering are carried out, the aluminum material layer is in a semi-molten state in the sintering process, and on the basis of the capillary action principle, the aluminum material permeates and fills pores in the loose layer to form pore interlocking. The gradient structure with the compact outer side and the porous inner side is formed on the titanium layer through an unequal-thickness mold and step-by-step pressing, directional pores preset in the porous layer provide channels for aluminum permeation, and the permeation depth reaches 150 microns and is increased by three times compared with a conventional process.

The invention discloses stable zirconia high-toughness ceramic and a preparation method thereof.The stable zirconia high-toughness ceramic comprises a base material, a reinforcing phase and an interface transition zone, the base material is Y2O3-ZrO2 nano powder, the reinforcing phase comprises compact layers and porous layers which are alternately distributed, the compact layers enable alumina whiskers to be radially distributed in the radial direction, and the porous layers enable the alumina whiskers to be evenly distributed in the radial direction; a crystal whisker-nano particle-matrix three-stage toughening network is formed, a porous layer contains beta-Si3N4 crystal whiskers generated in situ, and an interface transition region is a ZrO2-beta-Si3N4 eutectic layer. According to the invention, the whisker is added, the fracture energy is consumed through the pull-out effect, the nano-particles inhibit crack propagation through the pinning effect, the matrix phase change is toughened, the fracture toughness of the ceramic is improved, and the crack propagation path is prolonged by 3-5 times. On the other hand, the sintering temperature is reduced, so that energy consumption is reduced.

A gas separation membrane for separating carbon dioxide includes: a separation layer formed of a polymer material and having a function of selecting and separating carbon dioxide; and a porous substrate including a first porous layer and a second porous layer. The gas separation membrane has a layer thickness T1 of 0.1 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less, an average pore diameter d1 of 10 nm or more and 10,000 nm or less, an aperture ratio A1 of 40% or more and 80% or less, a maximum height roughness R1 of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, a layer thickness T2 of 10 μm or more and 1,000 μm or less, a ratio d2 / d1 of an average pore diameter d2 to the average pore diameter d1 of 1.1 or more and 10,000 or less, and a ratio A2 / A1 of an aperture ratio A2 to the aperture ratio A1 of 1.1 or more and 2.0 or less.

A porous layer is arranged on the surface of the inner wall of a micro-channel in the micro-channel heat exchanger, and the porous layer is filled with a lubricating agent; and anodizing the inner wall of the micro-channel to obtain a porous layer. The invention further provides a preparation method of the ultra-smooth micro-channel heat exchanger, which comprises the following steps: taking the micro-channel heat exchanger as an anode, performing anodic oxidation treatment on the inner wall of the micro-channel, and preparing the porous layer on the surface of the inner wall of the micro-channel; and then the porous layer is filled with a lubricating agent, and the ultra-smooth micro-channel heat exchanger is obtained. The invention further provides application of the ultra-smooth micro-channel heat exchanger in electronic devices. The ultra-smooth micro-channel heat exchanger has good corrosion resistance and high boiling heat exchange efficiency.

The invention relates to an integrated chip heat dissipation cover plate structure which comprises a substrate and a top cover connected and installed above the substrate, a sealed heat exchange cavity is defined between the substrate and the top cover, a plurality of rib columns or fins are integrally arranged on the top face of the substrate, the top face of the substrate is covered with a porous layer, the rib columns or the fins penetrate into the porous layer, and the top face of the substrate is covered with a heat dissipation layer. A plurality of micro concave holes are formed in the surface of the porous layer, and a radiator connector for cooling working media to flow in and flow out is connected to the top cover. Compared with the prior art, heat is guided into the heat exchange cavity through the substrate to achieve efficient heat exchange, the integrated chip heat dissipation cover plate can effectively reduce thermal resistance, heat dissipated during high-frequency work of the chip can be efficiently taken away by means of phase change cooling, meanwhile, a heat dissipation system is integrated in the heat dissipation cover plate, and heat dissipation efficiency is improved. The size is small, and the structure is simple.

This specification discloses a converter element and light emitting devices including the converter element. The converter element is monolithic with at least two layers, where one layer is more porous than the other layer. The converter element may be integrated with a reflector layer, such as by metallization. The layer of the converter structure that is denser and having a smoother surface may be the one that is metallized, while the more porous layer is closer to the laser. The porosity enhances light extraction while the smoother surface decreases a loss of reflectivity at the reflector-phosphor interface. The converter element may be used in a laser based light emitting device.

Provided is a member having a base material and a light interference layer which is provided on at least one main surface side of the base material and which is composed of at least two layers, the member being characterized in that the light interference layer comprises, in order from the base material side, a first layer and a porous layer containing particles of an inorganic compound.

The invention relates to a chlorine dioxide sustained-release ball, which relates to the technical field of environmental protection and disinfection, and comprises an activated alumina ball and an inorganic porous layer from inside to outside, wherein the activated aluminum oxide ball is loaded with sodium chlorite and a porous film, and the inorganic porous layer is loaded with the porous film. The chlorine dioxide sustained-release ball disclosed by the invention realizes the goals of high load, long period, constant-speed release and stable physical form.

The present application relates to a kind of high-temperature-resistant inductive angle sensor, belong to angle sensor technical field.The sensor includes: gradient composite ceramic substrate Al2O3-ZrO2-Al2O3, realize thermal expansion coefficient gradient matching by intermediate layer zirconium oxide doped yttrium oxide, reduce thermal stress cracking risk;Substrate surface is formed with micro-arc oxidation porous layer in turn titanium nitride nanocrystalline layer, improve surface bonding force;Atomic layer deposition process is used to prepare TiN or TiN / Ag composite film coil, improve temperature resistance;Through electron beam welding and transient liquid phase bonding composite process coil and circuit;Insulating encapsulation layer is made of boron nitride nanosheet and high-temperature-resistant resin, improve thermal conductivity and breakdown field strength.The present application is through gradient substrate design, thin film coil integration and composite process optimization, solves the thermal stress failure of traditional inductive sensor under high temperature, coil oxidation and insulation aging problem, suitable for angle measurement under extreme environment.

This invention provides a method for constructing a stiffness equivalent model of a porous laminated structural member, including: S1, obtaining the unit cell characteristic size parameters of the pores on the laminates; S2, constructing a unit cell solid model of the laminates; S3, constructing a unit cell solid finite element analysis model of the laminates; S4, preprocessing the unit cell solid finite element analysis model; S5, calculating the stiffness equivalent modulus of the laminates at different temperatures; S6, repeating steps S1 to S5 to calculate the stiffness equivalent modulus of all laminates in the porous laminated structural member in each direction at different temperatures; S7, performing integrated boundary processing on the stiffness equivalent modulus calculated in step S6 to construct the stiffness equivalent model of the porous laminated structural member. This method can simplify porous laminated structural members into non-porous laminated structural models, effectively reflecting the mechanical properties of porous laminated structural members, while significantly improving computational efficiency and accuracy, and has broad engineering application prospects.

A porous transport layer, PTL, (200) for a water electrolyzer (100). The porous transport layer comprises a porous layer (210), where the porous layer (210) is a porous structure comprising irregular pores (212) and solid sections (213). At least a first surface (211) of the porous layer (210) is formed by a first plurality of solid sections (213). At least some of the solid sections (213) in the first plurality have at least one surface that is substantially flat and arranged facing outwards from the porous layer such that it forms part of the first surface (211).

In a phase-change cooling module and a battery pack using the phase-change cooling module, the phase-change cooling module includes a body, a porous layer and a cooling medium. The body has a cooling channel formed through an inside of the body along a predetermined passage, and is attached to an cooling object to transfer a heat from the cooling object to the cooling channel. The porous layer is formed on a side wall of the cooling channel with a predetermined thickness, and has a plurality of pores at a surface of the porous layer. The cooling medium makes contact with the porous layer and flows an inside of the cooling channel, to absorb the heat from the cooling object. The cooling medium uses the heat from the cooling object as a potential heat for a boiling.

[Problem] To provide: a nano-imprint molding template that has high gas permeability, and that has high strength and can be used for a long period of time in an industrial production process; a mold using the template; and a method for manufacturing the mold. [Solution] A mold 3 has attached thereto an imprint molding template 8 that is an extremely stable composition obtained by combining a silicon-containing monomer and a titanium-containing monomer. The mold 3 has a gas permeation gradient function part 10 formed by laminating a porous layer 6 and a lattice layer 7 on a truss layer 5. The materials of the truss layer 5, the porous layer 6, and the lattice layer 7 are each a sintered metal material, and functions of respective parts thereof are realized by adjusting the sintering temperature and the sintering time. The sintering is continuously performed starting from the truss layer 5 to the porous layer 6 and the lattice layer 7.

The invention provides a nano-diamond high-strength supporting composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, the nano-diamond high-strength supporting composite material comprises a substrate, a polymer layer and a porous layer which are arranged in sequence; the porous layer comprises a nano-diamond array and an electrode active material layer; the nano-diamond array is arranged on the polymer layer and is embedded by the electrode active material layer. The surface porous layer can dredge ion deposition and improve ion deposition sites; the nano-diamond array serves as a buffer framework and can restrain volume expansion in the aluminum alloying process, the integrity of the overall structure is kept, and electrode pulverization is effectively relieved. The surface of the diamond array is coated with an electrode active material layer, and a continuous electronic path is provided; and the two layers also form a compact interlayer bonding structure, so that stress can be effectively dispersed, the adhesive force of the porous surface layer is improved, interface fracture and stripping of the porous surface layer are avoided, and the performance is improved.

An electrochemical apparatus includes a separator, a positive electrode plate, and an electrolyte solution, where the separator includes a porous layer, and an average pore diameter of the porous layer is 0.5 μm to 18 μm; the electrolyte solution includes propyl propionate, and based on a mass of the electrolyte solution, a mass content of propyl propionate is 25% to 55%; and the positive electrode plate includes a positive active material layer, the positive active material layer includes a conductive agent, the conductive agent includes at least one of conductive carbon black or Ketjen black, and a specific surface area of the conductive agent is 600 m2 / g to 1100 m2 / g.

The utility model discloses a heating body, an atomizer and an aerosol generating device. The heating body comprises a storage piece, a base body and a heating piece. The storage piece is provided with a storage cavity, and the storage cavity is used for storing an aerosol generating substrate. The matrix comprises a porous layer and a compact layer, the porous layer is provided with a flow channel for the aerosol generating matrix to flow, the compact layer and the storage piece are arranged on the two opposite sides of the porous layer respectively, the periphery of the matrix extends out of the periphery of the storage piece, and the compact layer is used for preventing the aerosol generating matrix from flowing out of the side, connected with the compact layer, of the porous layer. The heating piece is arranged on the base body and used for heating the aerosol generating substrate. According to the heating element, the atomizer and the aerosol generating device, the heating element can preheat the aerosol generating substrate through the storage element, and a preheating circuit does not need to be additionally arranged, so that the structure of the heating element can be simplified, and miniaturization of the heating element is facilitated.

The application provides a cavity structure in bulk silicon and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing a silicon substrate; etching a first porous layer on the upper surface of the silicon substrate; etching a second porous layer; removing the second porous layer by etching to form a cavity connected with the first porous layer; and forming a thin film layer on the upper surface of the silicon substrate and the upper surface of the first porous layer. The preparation method is simple, efficient and low in cost. Moreover, the size of the cavity and the uniformity of the thickness of the silicon thin film can be effectively controlled through the design of the first porous layer and the second porous layer.

The present invention provides an electron source structure and manufacturing method, comprising: providing a first substrate, on which a stacked porous layer and a first conductive layer are formed; patterning the first conductive layer and the porous layer to form an opening; forming a passivation layer, which is filled into the opening and forms a groove in the passivation layer; forming a second conductive layer, which is filled into the groove and electrically connected to the first conductive layer; providing a second substrate, which is bonded to the second substrate; removing the first substrate, and forming a top electrode on the side of the porous layer away from the second substrate. The present invention forms a passivation layer in the opening of the active layer before transferring the active layer. The passivation layer serves as a supporting layer to enhance the mechanical strength of the active layer and improve the transfer success rate. Furthermore, the transfer of the active layer improves the flexibility of the substrate, allowing for flexible selection of the substrate's material type, structure type, and function type, thereby enhancing the integration flexibility of the electron source with other auxiliary functional systems such as CMOS systems and MEMS systems.

Provided are an optical laminate that can be reduced in thickness and that can maintain excellent optical performance, and a method of producing the optical laminate. The optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a transparent layer having a thickness of 20 μm or less; a porous layer directly arranged in a predetermined pattern on one surface of the transparent layer in a thickness direction, the porous layer having a refractive index of 1.25 or less; an adhesion layer arranged on a side of the transparent layer opposite to the porous layer, the adhesion layer being brought into contact with the transparent layer; and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer arranged on a side of the transparent layer opposite to the adhesion layer, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer covering the porous layer.

A porous medium for a gas-liquid system includes a screen having a top surface, an opposite bottom surface, and a peripheral surface, the screen having a porous wall forming alternating ridges and valleys connected by ridge sidewalls extending from the bottom surface of the screen to the top surface of the screen, wherein the porous wall includes more than one porous layer, and each pair of the adjacent porous layers define a microchannel therebetween. The porous medium or a module thereof can be used in a gas-liquid system. The porous medium or a module thereof can also be used for absorbing a selected component from a gas.

To suppress deformation occurring during shaping in a method for three dimensional shaping by laminating thin layers formed by melting and solidifying powder.SOLUTION: In a powder bed type three dimensional shaping apparatus, metal powder is irradiated with a laser, the powder is melted and solidified to form a thin layer, and the thin layer is laminated to perform three dimensional shaping. At this time, a high-density layer L21 having a high density and a porous-density layer L22 having a low density are formed in a mixed manner by changing the amount of energy of laser irradiation. The high density layer and the microporous layer can be formed in various thicknesses (test pieces P2 to P4), and the high density layer and the microporous layer may be alternately formed (test pieces P6 to P9). In this way, by forming the high-density layer and the porous layer in a mixed manner, it is possible to suppress distortion without lowering the mechanical strength of the shaped article.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

The invention relates to a method for preparing a support (1) for a composite substrate (S) comprising forming a surface porous layer (P) on a first face (1c) of the support (1), and applying a viscous solution comprising a solvent and a precursor of a filler material to the first face (1c) of the support (1) so as to absorb at least a portion of the viscous solution into open pores of the surface porous layer (P). In a fourth step, the support (1) is heat-treated to transform the viscous solution present in the open pores so that they are filled with the filler material. Figure to be published with the abbreviation: Fig 1

Sensor element (10) for a gas sensor (100), comprising: an element base (1) which is a ceramic structure comprising a sensing part for sensing a gas component to be measured; and a protective layer (2) at the front end, which is a porous layer arranged around an outer edge of the element base (1) in a predetermined area of ​​an end section of the element base (1) on one side of the detection part and comprising: a first protective layer (21) at the front end, which is arranged on at least two main surfaces of the element base (1); a second protective layer (22) at the front end, arranged to cover the end section and four side surfaces of the element base (1), including the two main surfaces on which the first protective layer (21) is arranged at the front end; and a third protective layer (23) at the front end, arranged to cover the second protective layer (22) at the front end, wherein the first protective layer (21) at the front end has a porosity of 30% to 60% and a thickness of 15 µm to 50 µm; the second protective layer (22) at the front end has a porosity of 30% to 80% and a thickness 30 to 50 times that of the first protective layer (21) at the front end, and the third protective layer (23) at the front end has a porosity of 15% to 30% and a thickness 5 to 10 times that of the first protective layer (21) at the front end.

The present application relates to an impact-resistant ceramic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the impact-resistant ceramic comprises a dense layer and a porous layer alternately stacked, the dense layer comprising a matrix and SiC whiskers with a volume fraction of 15-20% dispersed in the matrix; the porous layer comprises a matrix and SiC whiskers with a volume fraction of 8-12% dispersed in the matrix, and the porosity of the porous layer is 30-40%; the SiC whiskers are oriented at 0°±5° along the horizontal plane in the dense layer, and the SiC whiskers are staggered at 45°±10° in the porous layer; the matrix is ​​a core-shell structure of Al2O3 coated with ZrO2, wherein the core phase is 50-100nm t-ZrO2 and the shell is 200-300nm α-Al2O3. The impact-resistant ceramic of the present application constructs a stress wave impedance gradient by alternating dense layers and porous layers and regulating the whisker arrangement, so that the impact energy is dissipated through whisker pullout, crack deflection and pore collapse.

To provide a nano-imprint molding template that has a high gas permeability and high strength and can be used over a long period of time in an industrial production process, a mold using the same, and a method for manufacturing the mold.SOLUTION: A mold 3 fitted with an imprint molding template 8 made of an extremely stable composition comprising a combination of a silicon-containing monomer and a titanium-containing monomer has a gas-permeation functionally graded portion 10 formed by laminating a porous layer 6 and a lattice layer 7 on a truss layer 5. The truss layer 5, the porous layer 6 and the lattice layer 7 are made of a metal sintered material, and functions of each portion are realized by adjusting a sintering temperature and a sintering time. The sintering is continuously performed from the truss layer 5 to the porous layer 6 and the lattice layer 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

A method includes forming a metal cathode on a substrate, anodizing an outer surface of the metal cathode to form an anodized porous layer, and forming a metal anode over the anodized porous layer, wherein the anodized porous layer defines a dielectric layer between the metal anode and the metal cathode, and wherein the metal anode, the anodized porous layer, and the metal cathode define a sensor.

The invention relates to the technical field of fabricated wallboards, and discloses a heat preservation and sound insulation device for fabricated wallboards, comprising: a wallboard main body, the wallboard main body comprising an outer panel, an inner panel and a functional core layer arranged between the outer panel and the inner panel; the functional core layer is composed of a plurality of functional sub-layers which are stacked in the thickness direction and have continuously changing physical properties; the sealing strips are preformed, are arranged on the two splicing side edges of the wallboard main bodies and are used for forming joint sealing when the adjacent wallboard main bodies are spliced; and the rapid splicing assembly is used for rapidly connecting the adjacent wallboard main bodies, and the rapid splicing assembly comprises a rapid connecting piece arranged on one wallboard main body. Through the gradient design of the functional core layer, heat reflection, heat insulation and broadband sound absorption are orderly integrated. The outer compact layer and the middle gradient porous layer can effectively reflect radiant heat, block heat conduction and convection and attenuate wide-frequency-band sound wave energy, so that the wallboard component has heat preservation and full-frequency-band sound insulation and absorption performance.