5411 results about "Heat treating" patented technology

The invention discloses a neodymium-iron-boron magnet with double main phases and light rare earth diffusion based on asymmetric cerium distribution and a preparation method, and relates to the technical field of neodymium-iron-boron magnets. The method comprises the steps that a diffusion matrix is prepared through a double-main-phase technology, in the double-main-phase technology, the components of a main-phase alloy and an auxiliary-phase alloy are RaCebFe100-a-b-c-dMcBd, R is PrNd alloy or Nd metal, M is at least one of Cu, Al, Zr, Co and Ga, the content of Ce in the main-phase alloy is larger than that of Ce in the auxiliary-phase alloy, then the upper surface and the lower surface of the diffusion matrix are coated with a diffusion source solution, and the diffusion matrix is obtained through heat treatment. Carrying out heat treatment and aging treatment to obtain a neodymium-iron-boron magnet; the diffusion source solution is formed by mixing a diffusion source and a solvent, and the diffusion source is (PrmNdn) aAlbCucZrdCoeMgf. The neodymium-iron-boron magnet obtained through the method has high residual magnetism and high coercive force at the same time, the diffusion efficiency of the diffusion source is high, and the rare earth utilization rate is increased.

The invention relates to a high-strength complex-phase hot-rolled wire rod for a 2360MPa-grade stranded wire and a manufacturing method of the high-strength complex-phase hot-rolled wire rod. After a Mo-V high-carbon component system is rolled and spun into a wire rod, the wire rod is subjected to on-line molten salt weak quenching toughening treatment, so that the wire rod is subjected to front-section molten salt treatment to be quickly cooled, enters a bainite and sorbite mixed phase region from an austenite state, and is subjected to high-temperature heat treatment to form a high-strength complex-phase hot-rolled wire rod; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out heat treatment on residual austenite to form a structure mainly comprising bainite and sorbite, then carrying out later-section molten salt treatment, increasing the temperature of molten salt, promoting decomposition and conversion of unconverted residual austenite into sorbite, carrying out isothermal tempering, and finally, carrying out roller way slow cooling to prepare a hot-rolled wire rod of which the microscopic structure comprises a complex-phase structure consisting of tempered bainite and tempered sorbite, the method has the advantages that the structure toughness can be regulated and controlled on line, the tensile strength is 1574-1627 MPa, the percentage reduction of area is 28-33%, the mechanical property fluctuation is reduced, the material cost and the production efficiency are both considered, the ultra-high-strength stranded wire can be produced without off-line heat treatment, and the wire breaking risk is reduced.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of monolithic BiVO4 photocatalytic foamed ceramic. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing composite slurry containing BiVO4 powder, an organic additive and a reinforced phase; (2) uniformly attaching the composite slurry to the organic foam skeleton by adopting an impregnation method; 3) performing drying and heat treatment to remove organic components; and 4) performing high-temperature sintering to form the three-dimensional communicated porous structure. Through the structure-function integrated design, the problems that a traditional powder catalyst is difficult to recover, the activity of an immobilized catalyst is low and a supported catalyst is easy to fall off are solved. The obtained product is high in porosity, the compressive strength is larger than or equal to 0.1 MPa, the specific surface area is larger than or equal to 0.1 m < 2 > / g, visible light can be efficiently utilized for degrading emerging organic pollutants in water, and the degradation rate reaches 20-99%. The material has no nano-particle leakage risk, has excellent mechanical strength, chemical stability and engineering applicability, and provides a feasible scheme for large-scale application of a photocatalytic water treatment technology.

The invention belongs to the technical field of gear precision machining, and particularly relates to a high-precision machining method for a complex curved surface gear, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a gear three-dimensional model and planning an initial machining path; tooth profile errors are predicted based on the path, and real-time dynamic compensation is conducted in the machining process; predicting a heat treatment deformation trend based on the compensated motion trail and the real-time data; adjusting heat treatment process parameters according to the predicted deformation trend; and detecting the final state of the gear after heat treatment, and updating the error prediction and compensation model according to a detection result. According to the method, real-time error compensation in the machining process is associated with predictive control of heat treatment deformation to form a closed loop, the problem that in the prior art, machining precision and structural stability after heat treatment are difficult to cooperatively guarantee is solved, and high-precision and high-reliability unified manufacturing of the complex curved surface gear is achieved.

The application discloses a kind of thick gauge 430 ferritic stainless steel laser weld low-temperature rollability processing method, comprising: using-1~‑2mm negative defocusing+8~10kW low-power laser welding, the grain of heat-affected zone is refined;NiCr-3 welding wire is preheated to 300~400℃ and carried out hot wire laser welding, reduces cooling rate;Weld is implemented 700 DEG C / 10-12 seconds short time induction annealing, decomposes martensite and releases residual stress;Weld is inducted to ≥50 DEG C before rolling and restores plasticity;Optimize five rack continuous rolling parameter, and the reduction of first rack is reduced to 15%-20%.The application is by welding-heat treatment-rolling whole process synergic control, makes weld low-temperature cracking rate from 2.6 times / month reduce to 1 times below, and-10 DEG C impact toughness is promoted to 22J, cup convexity qualification rate reaches 95%, and annual economic benefit is greatly improved, applicable to the thickness 3.0~8.0mm 430 stainless steel cold rolling production, solves the technical problem that thick gauge 430 stainless steel weld is easy to crack under low-temperature environment.

The invention discloses an oxide thin film post-processing method based on multi-stage cooling annealing, and aims to actively regulate and control thin film stress while repairing oxygen vacancies through a precisely designed heat treatment process. According to the method, the problem that stress control and defect repair are difficult to consider in the annealing process is solved, and a solid theoretical basis and scientific basis are laid for preparing low-absorption and high-stability oxide intense laser thin film devices.

The invention discloses a high-strength martensitic stainless steel welding method based on dual-laser collaborative oscillation scanning, which is used for welding two workpieces to be welded, at least one of the workpieces to be welded is high-strength martensitic stainless steel, and the method comprises the following steps: carrying out heat treatment on the high-strength martensitic stainless steel, the high-strength martensitic stainless steel comprises, by mass, 0.5% < = C < = 1.1%, 11.0% < = Cr < = 18.0%, 0.5% < = Mo < = 1.2%, 0.1% < = V < = 0.35%, 0.35% < = Mn < = 0.5%, 0.35% < = Si < = 0.45% and the balance Fe. Performing oscillation scanning welding on the two to-be-welded workpieces which are butted, mounted and fixed through first oscillation laser; and laser oscillation scanning in-situ heat treatment is carried out on a hardened area in the weld joint heat affected area through second oscillation laser. By means of the method, the defect problem that high-strength martensitic stainless steel is extremely prone to having welding cracks, hardened areas and the like due to high strength can be avoided, meanwhile, the welding process is simplified, the welding efficiency is improved, and the mechanical property is guaranteed.

According to the high-strength complex-phase hot-rolled wire rod for the 2300 MPa grade stranded wire and the manufacturing method of the high-strength complex-phase hot-rolled wire rod, after Mo-V high-carbon components are rolled and spun into the wire rod, online molten salt section quenching isothermal treatment is conducted, the wire rod is subjected to front-section molten salt treatment and cooled at the cooling speed larger than or equal to 39 DEG C / s, the wire rod enters a bainite phase region from an austenite state, and then the high-strength complex-phase hot-rolled wire rod is obtained; the method comprises the following steps: carrying out high-temperature treatment on austenite to promote part of austenite to be converted into bainite, then carrying out later-section molten salt treatment, increasing the molten salt temperature, promoting unconverted retained austenite to be decomposed and converted into sorbite, carrying out isothermal tempering, and finally carrying out roller way slow cooling to prepare the hot-rolled wire rod of which the microscopic structure comprises a complex-phase structure consisting of tempered bainite, tempered sorbite and ferrite, by means of the method, complex-phase structure regulation and control and online toughening can be achieved, the material cost and the production efficiency are both considered, the tensile strength is 1552-1602 MPa, the percentage reduction of area is 32%-38%, and therefore off-line heat treatment is avoided, and ultrahigh-strength stranded wires are efficiently produced.

The invention relates to the field of metal heat treatment and industrial automation control, in particular to a normalizing air cooling system of a metal continuous heat treatment furnace, and particularly relates to an ideal field reconstruction module which is used for obtaining steel plate parameters and environmental parameters, introducing a thermodynamic phase change dynamics principle to calculate a phase change latent heat release process and constructing an ideal pure temperature flow field matrix; the fault simulation generation module is used for calling a fault mechanism model to convert an equipment fault into a parameterized interference coefficient matrix, and superposing the parameterized interference coefficient matrix to an ideal matrix to generate a theoretical damaged state matrix; the double-track differential analysis module is used for collecting real-time data to construct an observation matrix, and respectively calculating a first difference between the observation matrix and the ideal matrix and a second difference between the theoretical damaged matrix and the ideal matrix to obtain a real and theoretical difference matrix; the feature coupling judgment module is used for extracting the difference matrix features, calculating the coupling degree, judging that the abnormality belongs to a real fault or environmental noise, and generating an air cooling regulation and control instruction; according to the method, non-linear fluctuation misjudgment is eliminated through phase change latent heat calculation, dual-track differential stripping environment common-mode interference is utilized, and micro equipment abnormity is accurately captured in a noisy environment.

The invention provides a Q890qE and Q420qE bridge steel flat butt joint combined welding method which comprises the following steps: step 1, grinding and derusting grooves of upper and lower asymmetric double-sided V-shaped joints to expose metallic luster; 2, preheating is conducted in an electric heating mode; 3, a solid welding wire CO2 gas shielded welding is adopted for backing welding of one weld joint on the upper V-shaped deep groove side; 4, welding seams are filled in the side of the V-shaped deep groove through submerged arc automatic welding, and the filling thickness is about 1 / 2 of the groove depth; 5, back gouging is conducted on the back face through carbon arc air gouging, and a carburized layer is polished and cleaned till metallic luster is exposed; 6, the V-shaped shallow groove is welded and filled; seventhly, the submerged arc automatic welding continues to weld the remaining weld joints of the V-shaped deep groove till the remaining weld joints are filled; and 8, postweld heat treatment is conducted. According to the method, a combined welding method of solid welding wire CO2 gas shielded welding bottoming, submerged arc automatic welding filling and capping is adopted, the problems of welding cold cracking and early joint breakage of the dissimilar bridge steel are solved by combining joint design, and the mechanical properties of a welding seam and a fusion area meet the standard requirements.

The invention relates to a high-strength complex-phase hot-rolled wire rod for a 2330MPa-grade stranded wire and a manufacturing method of the high-strength complex-phase hot-rolled wire rod. After a Mo-containing high-carbon component is rolled and spun into a wire rod, the wire rod is subjected to online fused salt mixed quenching toughening treatment, so that the wire rod is subjected to front-section fused salt treatment and is rapidly cooled, and enters a bainite and sorbite mixed phase region from an austenite state; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out heat treatment on residual austenite to form a structure mainly comprising bainite and sorbite, then carrying out later-section molten salt treatment, increasing the temperature of molten salt, promoting decomposition and conversion of unconverted residual austenite into sorbite, carrying out isothermal tempering, and finally, carrying out roller way slow cooling to prepare a hot-rolled wire rod of which the microscopic structure comprises a complex-phase structure consisting of tempered bainite and tempered sorbite, according to the hot-rolled steel wire rod, complex-phase structure regulation and control and online toughening can be achieved, the production efficiency is considered, the tensile strength of the hot-rolled steel wire rod can reach 1563-1613 MPa, the percentage reduction of area can reach 29%-34%, offline heat treatment is not needed when the ultrahigh-strength stranded wire is produced, and the wire breaking risk is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for growing a low-surface-defect epitaxial wafer on a heavily-doped silicon substrate and the epitaxial wafer, and belongs to the field of semiconductor material preparation. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out rapid heat treatment on a heavily doped silicon substrate of which the resistivity is not greater than 1.15 m omega.cm in an inert atmosphere at the treatment temperature of 1000-1500 DEG C and the heating / cooling rate of 10-120 DEG C / s, and keeping the high temperature for 30-120 seconds; then HCl gas phase polishing is carried out at the temperature of 650-1250 DEG C, and mixed gas of HCl and hydrogen is introduced to remove a surface silicon layer by 50-150 nm; and finally growing an epitaxial layer. And the substrate can be subjected to particle detection and screening, and only the substrate with the specific pattern defect is subjected to the treatment. According to the method, through the synergistic effect of RTP and HCl polishing, in-vivo defect repairing and surface finishing are achieved, the number of LPDs, larger than or equal to 55 nm, on the surface of the epitaxial wafer is stably reduced to 10 or below, and the quality of the epitaxial wafer is remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a digital driving method for a full-flow manufacturing process of a high-precision shell casting, which comprises a casting stage, a heat treatment stage and a machining stage, and is characterized in that digital data streams are established among three process links of the casting stage, the heat treatment stage and the machining stage; and the output data of the previous process is used as a process adjustment basis of the subsequent process, so that a datamation-driven closed-loop manufacturing system is formed. The invention provides a set of effective systematic solution for high-precision production of thin-wall shell castings.

The invention relates to the technical field of machining simulation, in particular to a composite material ring piece low-stress machining method based on finite element analysis. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a two-dimensional finite element model of the composite material ring piece; grid division is carried out on the geometric model, and the structure is decomposed into units; setting boundary conditions and loads of the simulation model; defining material attributes including density, thermal conductivity, specific hot melting, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, plasticity and creep; setting processing and heat treatment parameters, including processing procedures, processing amount, heat treatment temperature and time; the simulation model is operated, and the response of the geometric model under the given boundary and loading condition is obtained; and analyzing an operation result, summarizing an influence rule of machining parameters and heat treatment setting on machining stress, and optimizing a machining scheme. According to the method, a stable component low-stress machining scheme can be rapidly obtained through an analogue simulation technology for the machining process of the composite material ring piece, and high-precision machining of the large-size fiber reinforced composite material ring piece is achieved.

The invention discloses a machine learning guidance laser forming ultrahigh strength and toughness steel design method based on fusion of physical and chemical characteristics, which combines the physical and chemical characteristics with Shapley additive interpretation and analysis, and overcomes the limitation that a traditional pure data driving model lacks theoretical support. The quantitative analysis of the influence between the input characteristics and the output performance is realized, the internal association between the physical and chemical characteristics and the material strengthening and toughening theoretical mechanism is disclosed, the contribution degree and the interaction effect of each alloy element and the heat treatment process parameters are determined, the theoretical basis of variable screening is provided for multi-objective optimization, and the optimization efficiency is improved. Therefore, the efficiency of obtaining the non-dominated solution set is remarkably improved. According to the method, the physical and chemical characteristic combination can be conveniently and rapidly determined, the relation between the input characteristic and the output performance can be quantified, and optimal design of the laser forming ultrahigh strength and toughness steel alloy components and the heat treatment process is achieved.

The present invention relates to a method for operating a device for the thermal treatment of mineral substances, wherein the device comprises a preheater 10, a calciner 20 and a furnace 30, wherein the mineral substance is partially introduced into the preheater 10, is conveyed from the preheater 10 into the calciner 20 and from the calciner 20 into the furnace 30, wherein the gas stream of the furnace 30 is guided past the calciner 20, wherein the device comprises an oxygen source 60, wherein an oxygen-rich gas is guided from the oxygen source 60 to the calciner 20, wherein the gas stream is directed from the calciner 20 into the preheater 10, wherein the device comprises a carbon dioxide processing device 70, wherein the carbon dioxide processing device 70 is arranged downstream of the calciner 20, and wherein the device comprises a furnace calciner 21 and a furnace preheater 11.wherein the gas stream from the furnace 30 is directed into the furnace calcinator 21 and from the furnace calcinator 21 into the furnace preheater 11, wherein the mineral material is introduced proportionally into the furnace preheater 11, wherein the solid stream leaving the furnace preheater 11 is divided between the calcinator 20 and the furnace calcinator 21, wherein a load-dependent proportional return of the gas stream leaving the preheater 10 to the oxygen-rich gas between the oxygen source 60 and the calcinator 20 takes place.

The application provides a superplastic forming process for preparing a large-size titanium alloy component, and belongs to the field of welding, heat treatment and superplastic forming of metal materials. The process is characterized in that: two or more titanium alloy plates are spliced together by using a friction stir welding technology under low heat input, fine equiaxed crystal organization is obtained at the welding core, and then the large-size titanium alloy plate after splicing is subjected to heat treatment to further control the microstructure. By using the principle that the coarse rate of the fine organization is greater than that of the coarse organization during the heat treatment, the holding temperature and the holding time are adjusted, and finally the microstructure of the base material and the welding core is uniform. Then, under a specific process, the large-size titanium alloy plate with the weld is subjected to overall superplastic forming, synchronous superplastic deformation of the weld and the base material is realized, and a high-performance large-size titanium alloy integral component is prepared.

The invention relates to the technical field of computer aided design, in particular to a method for designing a high-temperature and high-toughness titanium alloy based on machine learning and a preparation method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring components, a heat treatment process and corresponding tensile property data of a titanium alloy, constructing a titanium alloy data set and defining an exploration space; cleaning the titanium alloy data set, dividing the titanium alloy data set into a training set and a verification set, and normalizing the training set and the verification set; training the titanium alloy tensile property prediction model through a machine learning model and a training set, and evaluating the model through a cross validation method and a validation set; the components and heat treatment process parameters of the high-temperature and high-toughness titanium alloy are obtained through the trained prediction model, the genetic algorithm and the exploration space; according to the components of the high-temperature and high-toughness titanium alloy, the high-temperature and high-toughness titanium alloy is prepared through electric arc melting, and heat treatment is conducted according to heat treatment process parameters of the high-temperature and high-toughness titanium alloy. According to the method, collaborative intelligent design of titanium alloy components and the process is achieved, and the development efficiency is remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a synergistic phase change reinforced dental zirconia material and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of ceramic materials.The preparation method comprises the following steps that a zirconium oxychloride solution and a polyvinyl alcohol solution are mixed, dried and then subjected to heat treatment, and ZrC ceramic powder is obtained; then mixing with yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-PSZ) to obtain composite powder; the composite powder is subjected to hot pressing sintering and cooling, and a pre-sintered body is obtained; introducing Ar-O2 mixed gas, and carrying out controllable oxidation to obtain an oxidation phase change reinforced pre-sintered body; and carrying out high-temperature sintering to obtain the synergistic phase change reinforced dental zirconia material. The invention further discloses the synergistic phase change reinforced dental zirconia material and application of the synergistic phase change reinforced dental zirconia material in preparation of dental products. According to the method, ZrC is introduced, and a pressure stress field formed by crystal transformation in ZrC oxidation and high-temperature sintering processes is utilized, so that the yttrium oxide stabilized zirconia dental ceramic is strengthened, and the mechanical strength of the yttrium oxide stabilized zirconia dental ceramic is remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a cold pressure welding connection and heat treatment method for ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy. The cold pressure welding connection and heat treatment method comprises the steps of material preparation, cold pressure welding connection, subsequent heat treatment and the like. According to the method, room-temperature cold pressure welding and subsequent overall heat treatment are combined, end face butt joint of the ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy is completed on the premise that an additional high-temperature melting process is not introduced, and a base metal area and a joint area are cooperatively adjusted through a unified heat treatment process, so that the structure state and mechanical performance of a joint are closer to those of original base metal; and the welding coefficient of the connector can reach 82%-90%, so that the consistency and the stability of the whole component can be considered while the high connection reliability is kept. Meanwhile, the process route has good combination and expansion capacity, different routes such as direct aging, solid solution quenching aging or cold pressure welding and aging after solid solution softening can be selected after cold pressure welding according to production requirements, and the method is suitable for connection of ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy components in various forms such as wires, bars and pipes.

The invention provides a wear-resistant aerogel coating and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new coating materials. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out cleaning, coarsening and plasma activation pretreatment on the surface of a base material; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving polyurethane in a solvent, adding a wear-resistant reinforced phase containing silicon dioxide and an acrylic acid material, uniformly dispersing, and adding a cross-linking agent for cross-linking reaction to form polyurethane aerogel slurry; and coating the surface of a pretreated base material with the slurry in the early stage of a cross-linking reaction, and then carrying out low-temperature or freeze-drying and heat treatment curing to obtain the wear-resistant aerogel coating. By compounding the polyurethane flexible skeleton and the wear-resistant reinforced phase, the wear resistance, adhesive force and structural stability of the coating are remarkably improved while the characteristics of light weight, porosity, heat insulation and buffering of aerogel are maintained, the coating is suitable for surface protection of various base materials under complex working conditions such as friction and impact, the process is simple and controllable, and the cost is low. And the method has a wide engineering application prospect.

The invention discloses a heat-treatment-free control method for inhibiting hydrogen-induced cracks in ultrahigh-strength steel welding, which belongs to the technical field of welding, and enables weld metal to obtain a low-phase-transition-temperature characteristic and a double-phase structure containing retained austenite under a specific dilution rate window by cooperatively regulating and controlling components of a welding material and welding process parameters. Therefore, preheating-free and post-heat-treatment-free efficient welding of the ultrahigh-strength steel is achieved. According to the method, the volume expansion effect generated by low-temperature martensite phase transformation of weld metal is utilized to actively counteract restrained tensile stress formed by welding cooling shrinkage; on the other hand, the effect of the retained austenite serving as an efficient'hydrogen trap 'is fully played, migration and enrichment of hydrogen to crack sensitive areas such as a heat affected zone or a fusion line are effectively blocked, and finally effective inhibition of hydrogen-induced cracks in ultrahigh-strength steel welding is achieved; the obtained welding joint is free of hydrogen-induced cracks and has the mechanical property level well matched with base metal.

The invention provides a heat treatment method for a wind power gear forge piece. The heat treatment method comprises the following steps that 1, after-forging waste heat temperature equalization is carried out; 2, segmented forced controlled cooling is carried out till the forge piece reaches a furnace entering window, and forced cooling is carried out on the forge piece; at least three temperature measuring points are arranged on the forge piece; 3, isothermal normalizing for the first time, wherein the forge piece is placed in an isothermal furnace; 4, low-temperature reaustenitizing is conducted, specifically, the forge piece subjected to the first isothermal normalizing is heated to 860-910 DEG C, heat preservation is conducted, and the forge piece is reaustenitized; 5, secondary isothermal normalizing is conducted, specifically, the forged piece obtained after austenitizing is cooled to 645-670 DEG C in a controlled cooling mode, and isothermal heat preservation is conducted; the forge piece is heated to 380-450 DEG C, heat preservation is conducted, then the forge piece is cooled to 200 DEG C or below along with a furnace, and the forge piece is taken out of the furnace for air cooling. According to the method, a uniform and refined ferrite and pearlite structure is obtained in the core of the large-section forge piece, the hardness is stabilized within the range of 165-185 HBW, and the subsequent carburizing and quenching distortion sensitivity is reduced.

The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: rolling and spinning high-carbon and high-silicon components of Nb-Mo to form a wire rod, and then carrying out online molten salt strong isothermal toughening treatment, so that the wire rod is firstly subjected to front-section molten salt treatment and is rapidly cooled, and enters a sorbite phase region from an austenite state to form a structure taking a sorbite structure as a main structure; and then carrying out rear-section molten salt treatment, reducing the circulation volume of molten salt, promoting the unconverted retained austenite to be continuously converted into sorbite, carrying out isothermal tempering, promoting fusing of a part of sorbite lamellar layers, and finally carrying out slow cooling through a roller way, so as to prepare the hot-rolled wire rod of which the microscopic structure comprises a mixed structure consisting of tempered sorbite, ferrite and fused sorbite, according to the invention, abnormal tissues can be inhibited, the tensile strength is 1566-1616 MPa, the percentage reduction of area is 33%-38%, and the production efficiency is considered, so that the ultrahigh-strength stranded wire can be produced without off-line heat treatment, and the risk of wire breakage is reduced.

The present invention relates to a preparation method for a silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material, comprising the following steps: (P1) co-polymerization: co-dissolving an unsaturated organic acid, an acrylate monomer and an acrylamide monomer in water at a specific ratio, and co-polymerizing same under the action of a sacrificial agent of a saturated organic acid and an initiator to obtain a suspension containing an acrylic copolymer; (P2) alkali treatment: performing an alkali treatment and filtration on the suspension to obtain copolymer particles; (P3) in-situ polymerization: performing in-situ polymerization of phenolic aldehyde on the surfaces of the copolymer particles to obtain a composite resin of a phenolic aldehyde-coated acrylic copolymer; (P4) heat treatment: performing a heat treatment on the composite resin in an oxidizing gas atmosphere to obtain porous carbon; and (P5) performing silicon deposition and carbon coating on the porous carbon to obtain the silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material. When the silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material prepared in the present invention is used in a lithium battery, the volume expansion of silicon can be effectively relieved, and the cycling performance and charge-discharge capacity of a lithium-ion battery are improved.

The invention belongs to the field of PET (polyethylene glycol terephthalate) plastic waste treatment, and particularly relates to preparation of a copper oxide-nickel hydroxide core-shell structure catalytic material and application of the copper oxide-nickel hydroxide core-shell structure catalytic material to preparation of high-added-value formic acid by upgrading electro-catalysis PET plastics, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) placing a copper conductive substrate in an alkali etching mixed solution for alkali etching treatment, obtaining a conductive substrate on which a Cu (OH) 2 precursor grows; (2) placing the conductive substrate on which the Cu (OH) 2 precursor grows in a muffle furnace for heat treatment to obtain a conductive substrate on which CuO nanowires grow; and (3) placing the conductive substrate on which the CuO nanowire grows in a hydrothermal kettle, and obtaining the CuO-coated Ni (OH) 2-x core-shell structure catalyst through a hydrothermal method.

The invention discloses a pyrochlore structure high-entropy ceramic solidified body material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear waste solidification. The preparation method of the high-entropy ceramic solidified body material with the pyrochlore structure comprises the following steps: weighing raw material powder of La2O3, Nd2O3, Sm2O3, Gd2O3, Eu2O3 and ZrO2 according to the proportion in (La0. 2Nd0. 2Sm0. 2Gd0. 2Eu0. 2) 2Zr2O7; the weighed raw material powder is subjected to ball milling treatment, and ball-milled powder is obtained; under the inert gas atmosphere, the ball-milled powder is subjected to heat treatment, and heat-treated powder is obtained; and carrying out spark plasma sintering on the heat treatment powder to obtain the pyrochlore structure high-entropy ceramic solidified body material. The powder is treated by using a heat treatment technology, so that the powder is homogenized, a pyrochlore phase is formed, grain growth is more favorably inhibited, a fine grain structure is obtained, and the irradiation stability and the mechanical property of the pyrochlore material are improved.

The invention provides a vertical position welding method for bridge steel. The vertical position welding method comprises the steps that 1, a groove is manufactured, specifically, the X-shaped groove without a truncated edge is manufactured in a vertical position mode through a flame cutting technology; and the groove is polished and derusted according to requirements. 2, preheating, wherein the bridge steel is preheated to 75 DEG C in an electric heating mode; and 3, welding, wherein solid welding wire argon-rich mixed gas shielded welding is adopted for vertical position welding. And 4, post-weld heat treatment is conducted, specifically, after welding is completed, post-heat treatment is conducted at 200-250 DEG C through a crawler-type heater, and slow cooling is conducted to the room temperature after heat preservation is conducted for 3 hours. By researching and developing a welding material and a welding process matched with the Q890qE high-strength bridge steel, the technical problem of quality of a Q890qE vertical position butt welding seam is solved. Welding forming is stable, efficiency is high, deformation is small, the appearance is good, strength and weather resistance are balanced, the service life is long, and economical efficiency and environment friendliness are both considered; the method is especially suitable for engineering scenes with strict requirements on strength, toughness and durability such as long-span bridges and alpine region bridges, and has remarkable economic advantages and social value.

The invention discloses automobile variable-cross-section precise thin-wall steel pipe heat treatment equipment which comprises a rack, a liquid collecting pool is formed in the rack, a traction piece is installed at the top of the rack in a transmission mode, guide frames are fixedly installed on the two sides of the inner wall of the rack, and lifting assemblies are installed on the surfaces of the guide frames through the traction piece in a transmission mode. The invention relates to the technical field of precise steel pipe heat treatment. According to the heat treatment equipment for the automobile variable-cross-section precise thin-wall steel pipe, after an operator sleeves the thin-wall steel pipe on the outer side of the inner supporting piece and completes clamping operation of inner supporting and outer clamping, the motor and the positioning seat drive the two sets of clamping pieces to clamp the two ends of the steel pipe correspondingly, and the clamping stability is guaranteed. The bottom supporting plate at the bottom of the sliding frame provides stable supporting for the positioning base, the positioning base and the sliding table fix the two sets of clamping pieces correspondingly, a clamping structure with the two ends supported is formed, the weight of the thin-wall steel pipe is effectively dispersed, the problems that a clamp shakes and the steel pipe falls off in the lifting or sliding process are solved, and the operation stability of equipment is improved.

A method for producing a substrate comprising a buried oxide layer (1, 10, 20) or a buried nitride layer for the production of electronic components, comprising at least one step for depositing an oxide layer (1, 10, 20) or a nitride layer on a donor substrate (2, 11, 21) and / or an acceptor substrate, and a step for establishing contact between the donor substrate and the acceptor substrate (9, 14, 22), further comprising at least: a first heat treatment of the oxide layer (1, 10, 20) or the nitride layer deposited on the donor substrate (2, 11, 21) and / or the acceptor substrate (9, 14, 22) before connecting the donor substrate (2, 11, 21) with the Acceptor substrate (9, 14, 22) and a second heat treatment of the substrate, which consists of the acceptor substrate (9, 14, 22), the oxide layer (1, 10, 20) or the nitride layer and the entire donor substrate (2, 11, 21) or a part thereof, at a temperature,which is the same as or higher than the temperature applied in the first heat treatment, wherein the second heat treatment is a compression heat treatment, wherein the first heat treatment consists of applying a temperature of 600 to 1000 °C for a period of a few minutes to a few hours in a non-oxidizing inert gas or a mixture of inert gases.