The invention discloses a eucalyptus ecological fertilizer containing Mn and Fe elements and a fertilizing method. The eucalyptus ecological fertilizer containing the Mn and Fe elements is prepared by mixing inorganic nutrients, organic fertilizers and a bonder, and includes following effective ingredients in mass percents of: 7-20 percent of the inorganic nutrients, 4-15 percent of P2O5, 4-20 percent of K2O4, 0.05-0.2 percent of B, 0.05-0.1 percent of Zn, 0.01-0.05 percent of Cu, 0.01-0.2 percent of Mn, 0.01-0.2 percent of Fe, 5-25 percent of organic matters and 0.15-5 percent of the bonder. According to the eucalyptus ecological fertilizer disclosed by the invention, major elements, secondary elements and trace elements are matched according to a reasonable proportion, and a property amount of the organic fertilizers are added, so that not only can the nutrient requirements of the eucalyptus growth be met, the use ratio of the fertilizer is improved, and the wastage rate of the fertilizer is decreased, but also the stress resistance and the lodging resistance of eucalyptus are enhanced, the capacity of resisting natural calamities (such as typhoon and frost), the loss is reduced and the economic benefit is improved.