20973results about "Lens" patented technology

A projection optical system according to the present invention whose image side numerical aperture is greater than or equal to 0.75, and which forms an image of a first object upon a second object using light of a predetermined wavelength less than or equal to 300 nm, comprises: a first lens group G<HIL><PDAT>1 < / BOLD><PDAT>of positive refractive power; a second lens group G<HIL><PDAT>2 < / BOLD><PDAT>of negative refractive power; a third lens group G<HIL><PDAT>3 < / BOLD><PDAT>of positive refractive power; and a fourth lens group G<HIL><PDAT>4 < / BOLD><PDAT>of positive refractive power, and: the first lens group G<HIL><PDAT>1, < / BOLD><PDAT>the second lens group G<HIL><PDAT>2, < / BOLD><PDAT>the third lens group G<HIL><PDAT>3 < / BOLD><PDAT>and the fourth lens group G<HIL><PDAT>4 < / BOLD><PDAT>are arranged in order from a side of the first object; and a distance D in mm along an optical axis between an optical surface of the fourth lens group G<HIL><PDAT>4 < / BOLD><PDAT>closest to the second object, and the second object, satisfies a condition of 0.1<D<5.

There are many, many inventions described herein. In one aspect, what is disclosed is a digital camera including a plurality of arrays of photo detectors, including a first array of photo detectors to sample an intensity of light of a first wavelength and a second array of photo detectors to sample an intensity of light of a second wavelength. The digital camera further may also include a first lens disposed in an optical path of the first array of photo detectors, wherein the first lens includes a predetermined optical response to the light of the first wavelength, and a second lens disposed in with an optical path of the second array of photo detectors wherein the second lens includes a predetermined optical response to the light of the second wavelength. In addition, the digital camera may include signal processing circuitry, coupled to the first and second arrays of photo detectors, to generate a composite image using (i) data which is representative of the intensity of light sampled by the first array of photo detectors, and (ii) data which is representative of the intensity of light sampled by the second array of photo detectors; wherein the first array of photo detectors, the second array of photo detectors, and the signal processing circuitry are integrated on or in the same semiconductor substrate.

A four-piece lens assembly, from the object side, comprises: an aperture, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a flat parallel glass and an image plane. The first lens is a double convex positive lens. The second lens is a double concave negative lens or a plano-concave lens whose object side surface contacts the image side surface of the first lens. The first and second lenses contact each other in such a manner that the concave surface of the connecting surface faces the object side, and the concave surface (or plano surface) of the second lens faces the image plane. The first and second lenses are made of high refractive index material. The lens assembly not only can ensure a necessary back focus but also can suppress the total length of a portable image taking device.

The present embodiments provide for apparatuses, and methods for manufacturing apparatuses to convert a first distribution of an input radiation to a second distribution of output radiation. The apparatus can be defined in some embodiments by generating a two-dimensional representation of three active optical surfaces including calculating a segment of first, entry and second surfaces based on first second, and third generalized Cartesian ovals, respectively, and successively repeating the calculating of the segments of the first and second surfaces, and rotationally sweeping the two-dimensional representation about a central axis providing a three-dimensional representation. In some embodiments, portion of the first and / or second surfaces can be totally internally reflective.