299 results about "Ultra low power" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of narrow-band filters, and discloses an ultra-low power consumption narrow-band filter implementation method based on a digital phased array system, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting input signal data, carrying out the adaptive preprocessing, and generating preprocessed signal data; s2, performing digital beam forming processing based on the preprocessed signal data to generate digital beam forming data; s3, performing narrowband filtering parameter matching processing according to the digital beam forming data to generate narrowband filtering parameter data; in the narrowband filtering processing process, disturbance of environmental electromagnetic interference to a target signal is identified and eliminated in real time through adaptive noise suppression and a multi-dimensional signal preprocessing mechanism, so that the system can guarantee the pointing precision of digital beam forming, the pointing offset problem in the space signal capturing process is avoided, the accuracy of narrowband signal extraction is improved, and the accuracy of narrowband signal extraction is improved. And the reliability of filtering output and the signal fidelity are enhanced.

The invention discloses a dormancy and awakening system and method of an enterprise-level solid state disk, and belongs to the technical field of power consumption management of the enterprise-level solid state disk. According to the system, a nonvolatile cache unit, an independent hardware state machine and an ultra-low power consumption wake-up detection circuit are integrated in a main controller. When entering the dormancy state, key data such as an FTL mapping table are stored in a nonvolatile cache, then the power management module cuts off power supply to the NAND flash memory and the main control core, and only the operation of the minimum circuit is maintained, so that the dormancy power consumption is reduced to be below 100mW; and during wakeup, the detection circuit identifies a physical layer signal to trigger rapid power-on, and the hardware state machine directly recovers the system state from the cache and bypasses the software initialization process, so that wakeup is completed and the NAND access capability is reconstructed within 1ms, and the industrial problem that ultra-low power consumption and rapid wakeup cannot be considered at the same time is effectively solved.

According to the heterogeneous multi-core chip power consumption state control system and the heterogeneous multi-core chip provided by the invention, the power consumption state request of each sub power supply domain is received through the set system hardware power consumption management module, and the driving signal is sent to the corresponding sub power supply domain according to the preset hardware time sequence, so that the corresponding sub power supply domain enters the target state; generating a PMU control signal; and the power management module drives an internal voltage regulator to execute corresponding regulation operation according to the PMU control signal. A special control processor (SCP) is not needed, the system hardware power consumption management module realized by pure hardware is adopted to directly control the power consumption state of each sub power supply domain in the heterogeneous multi-core SoC, the software processing delay is eliminated, the response speed is high, the static power consumption of the power consumption management module is remarkably reduced, and the system is particularly suitable for an ultra-low power consumption scene and has a wide application prospect. And hardware-level surge current protection is realized in a multi-core power-on process.

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent control, and discloses an ultra-low power consumption miniature LED visible light intensity self-adaptive regulation and control method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an analog light intensity signal, and carrying out the smoothing processing of the analog light intensity signal, and obtaining an environment light intensity value; calculating a light intensity change rate, and if the light intensity change rate exceeds a dynamic threshold value, marking an environment state and outputting a light intensity difference value; generating a preliminary adjustment instruction according to the state matching control parameter and the difference value quantization mapping, and calculating target light intensity in combination with the basic brightness; after executing the instruction, calculating actual and target deviation, and iteratively correcting to obtain a light intensity control signal; if the power consumption exceeds the limit, optimizing the signal amplitude; the input driving circuit analyzes the synthesized pulse current, excites pixels to emit light and gathers to obtain adjustment data; and if the visual contrast is lower than a threshold value, the change rate is adjusted again to realize closed-loop refining, and the light intensity adjustment accuracy is improved. The method can improve the real-time sensing capability of ambient light.

The invention relates to the field of intelligent door and window alarm, in particular to a low-energy-consumption intelligent door and window safety alarm method and system based on environmental perception. The invention discloses a low-energy-consumption intelligent door and window safety alarm system based on environmental perception. The system comprises a correlation calculation module, an initial score calculation module, a monitoring alarm module and a monitoring frequency updating module. According to the method, the system energy efficiency is obviously optimized through a dual periodic scoring mechanism and a monitoring frequency dynamic adjustment strategy; establishing a basic energy consumption baseline based on an initial score generated by a user characteristic parameter, and generating a second importance score to accurately quantify a risk value of each scene in combination with deviation degree analysis and time sequence correction of short-period environment monitoring data; the dynamic regulation and control mode enables the equipment to maintain an ultra-low power consumption state in a risk-free period, and compared with a traditional fixed frequency, the monitoring scheme can significantly reduce energy consumption, and is especially suitable for long-term stable operation of a battery-powered intelligent window control device.

One or more systems, devices, and / or methods may address signal design for ultra-low power receivers. Transmitter and receiver architectures capable of generating signals and waveforms supporting the operation of ultra-low-power receivers and compatible with OFDM-based signals are disclosed. In some cases, there may be procedures that address one or more of the following: device detection of an on-off keying (OOK) modulated sequence with redundant bits corresponding to OFDM symbols' cyclic prefix; device detection of an OOK modulated sequence with dynamic bit duration corresponding to long and short OFDM symbols; device reception of an OOK modulated DCI / message with redundant bits corresponding to OFDM symbols' cyclic prefix; and / or, device reception of an OOK modulated DCI / message with dynamic bit duration corresponding to long and short OFDM symbols.

The invention provides a low-power-consumption embedded data recording system and algorithm for on-line monitoring of SF density. The system is provided with an MCU main control unit, an external independent watchdog circuit, a LoRa wireless communication module, an RS485 interface, an SF density and temperature measurement sensor, a battery power supply and voltage acquisition module and a Flash data storage and real-time clock module. Algorithms of the system comprise an intelligent data recording strategy, a dynamic sensor activation and sleep mechanism, a power failure data protection and breakpoint continuation mechanism, a multi-parameter compression coding algorithm, a dynamic sampling frequency adjustment strategy, a real-time clock synchronization and timestamp calibration mechanism, a multi-sensor fusion sensing mechanism and an ultra-low power consumption system architecture mechanism. The low-power-consumption embedded data recording system and algorithm for on-line monitoring of the SF density have the functions of multi-data change trend intelligent judgment, multi-data fusion perception judgment, ultra-low power consumption and flexible communication, and are suitable for long-term field deployment.

The invention discloses an ultra-low power consumption control method and system for an earphone end, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring power utilization parameters, and carrying out the analysis to obtain a power consumption state; predicting a power consumption trend based on the connection history and the signal environment; and setting a state regulation and control plan based on the power consumption state and the power consumption trend. Therefore, according to the monitored electric quantity and the use environment, the subsequent power consumption condition is predicted, then according to the prediction result, the state regulation and control plan is dynamically set, the standby state is automatically converted, a user does not need to manually start a shipping mode, it is ensured that the earphone state and power consumption are maintained in a reasonable interval, and the standby endurance is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a high-performance reference voltage implementation method and circuit. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a framework adaptive to low power supply voltage, and determining initial working parameters by selecting a conventional CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor) process device; a low reference voltage value generation module is designed, a low-voltage NMOS device in a sub-threshold region is matched with a current mirror and a resistance network to output accurate low voltage, and interference is suppressed. First-order and second-order temperature compensation is implemented, and the temperature stability of the reference voltage is improved by utilizing devices with different temperature characteristics and specific NMOS electric leakage characteristics at high temperature. An ultra-low power consumption OP is designed, a low-voltage NMOS and a high-voltage native device are combined, and a bias circuit is optimized. The circuit integrates a low reference voltage module, a first-order temperature compensation module, a second-order temperature compensation module, an ultra-low power consumption OP module and the like. Finally, the working power supply voltage as low as 1V, the power consumption smaller than 100nA and the excellent second-order temperature compensation effect in the full-temperature range are achieved, and stable and accurate reference voltage is provided for related circuits.

The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of electrical element assemblies, and discloses a cold and heat exchange system of a liquid cooling cabinet and a use method of the cold and heat exchange system. The cold and heat exchange method of the liquid cooling cabinet comprises the steps that a complex thermodynamic model of the liquid cooling cabinet is processed through a hierarchical model distillation algorithm, and an ultra-lightweight thermodynamic digital twin model is obtained; processing the operation state of the liquid cooling cabinet through a multi-mode micro-sensor network to obtain a lightweight environment and load feature vector; processing the lightweight environment and load feature vector and the ultra-lightweight thermodynamic digital twin model through a micro predictive controller to obtain an adaptive liquid cooling control strategy; processing the self-adaptive liquid cooling control strategy through an ultra-low power consumption execution unit to obtain an accurately executed physical cooling effect; according to the invention, through an optimization algorithm, efficient control of the liquid cooling cabinet system is realized in a resource limited environment, the precision, the response speed and the energy efficiency are improved, the environmental adaptability and reliability are enhanced, and the bottleneck of a traditional system is broken through.

The invention relates to the technical field of pulse load energy optimization control, in particular to a pulse type ultra-low power consumption energy management system based on a super capacitor, which comprises a pulse spectrum analysis unit, a capacitor bank dynamic tuning unit and a charge state compensation unit, a pulse spectrum analysis unit extracts a load pulse dominant frequency component through a window function weighting algorithm to generate a target frequency value, and a capacitor bank dynamic tuning unit inquires a mapping table according to the target frequency to adjust series-parallel connection combination of the super capacitors and injects a reverse reactance component to offset a resonant impedance difference value. And the charge state compensation unit predicts the residual charge quantity by using a Kalman filter, and triggers a charge redistribution strategy in a non-pulse period, thereby solving the problems of insufficient dynamic impedance matching and low charge balance efficiency in the traditional technology, realizing high-efficiency and low-consumption management of the energy of the super capacitor, improving the energy transmission efficiency, and reducing the energy consumption. And the endurance time of the equipment is prolonged.

The invention discloses a chirp interval modulation backscatter communication method and a chirp interval modulation backscatter communication system based on variable-length scrambling codes, which mainly solve the problems of high power consumption of backscatter labels and high system deployment cost in the prior art. According to the scheme, a sending end sends an environment LoRa signal; the backscattering label modulates information to be sent to an environment LoRa signal in a time interval modulation mode, and modulates a variable-length scrambling code to an anchor symbol; a receiving end performs frequency shift compensation on the backscattering signal by adopting a frequency shift compensation method, demodulates the backscattering signal by combining a sliding window with a variable-length scrambling code, intercepts a backscattering signal sample through the sliding window, and performs de-spreading and fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the signal in the window; the position of an anchor symbol is determined by detecting the maximum value of an FFT peak value, information sent by the backscattering label is recovered from the position of the anchor symbol, and data demodulation is completed. On the premise of keeping demodulation reliability, the power consumption of the tag is effectively reduced, the deployment cost of a backscatter communication system is reduced, and the method can be used for ultra-low power consumption Internet of Things communication.

The invention discloses an osmotic pressure terminal dynamic acquisition awakening system and method based on water level change, and belongs to the technical field of reservoir dam safety monitoring, the osmotic pressure terminal dynamic acquisition awakening system is composed of a machine shell, a controller and a lithium battery, and the controller is integrated with an MCU module, a power management module, a 4G / LoRa communication module, a vibration excitation / vibration pickup circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, an external watchdog module and other modules. By analyzing the water level data and the change rate thereof, dynamically adjusting the acquisition period, accurately capturing the water level change process and supporting multiple wake-up mechanisms such as RTC timing wake-up, remote communication wake-up and external watchdog reset wake-up, the equipment can still realize bidirectional communication and remote interrogation functions while ensuring ultra-low power consumption; the reliability, the cruising ability and the intelligent level of the equipment in a complex environment are remarkably improved, and the system is suitable for reservoir dam osmotic pressure safety monitoring scenes.

The utility model relates to the technical field of electronic display, in particular to an electronic ink screen display system and equipment, the electronic ink screen display system comprises a display module and a main control module, and a wireless communication module is arranged in the main control module; the audio module comprises a digital-to-analog conversion circuit used for converting digital signals into audio data and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit used for converting the audio data into the digital signals, the digital-to-analog conversion circuit and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit are respectively connected with the main control module, and the display module adopts a reflective, bistable and low-power-consumption electronic ink screen and can display in power failure. The wireless communication module can remotely update display content through a network, the integrated audio module realizes voice picture switching, music playing and AI dialogue, the electronic ink screen display system is integrated into an ultra-low power consumption wireless terminal capable of listening, recording and displaying, and the temperature and humidity sensing module collects temperature and humidity data in the environment in real time. The display module visually displays the temperature and humidity information.

The invention relates to a subsurface buoy data real-time transmission method and system based on low-orbit broadband satellite communication, and relates to the technical field of ocean communication, the method is applied to a real-time transmission system, and the system is applied to a buoy device and connected with underwater equipment. And searching a low-orbit broadband satellite through the phased-array antenna, and connecting a communication link by using an optimal combination to realize communication with a shore-based server. And then, through the system, the underwater equipment can carry out subsurface buoy high-capacity original data transmission with the shore-based server, and the system monitors the network state during data transmission. And when the link is disconnected, the network connection is restarted by searching the optimal combination again, and the link is recovered. By dynamically selecting the optimal connection, the intelligent balance of communication link quality and energy consumption control is realized, the overall power consumption is reduced, the communication bandwidth is maximized, and the timeliness, integrity and continuity of multi-mode high-capacity data transmission of sensor original data, sonar audio, high-definition images and the like are ensured.

The invention provides a Micro-LED-based optical interconnection chip and a packaging method, and relates to the field of chips, the Micro-LED-based optical interconnection chip comprises N optical modules, each optical module comprises an SoC chip, a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit, the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are arranged on the SoC chip, and lenses are arranged on the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit respectively; the first substrate is provided with a through groove, each optical module is electrically connected with the first substrate, and the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are located in the through groove; the back surface of the second substrate is provided with a waveguide structure, the waveguide structure comprises a plurality of waveguide blocks, the end part of each waveguide block is provided with a total internal reflection mirror TIR, and the light emitting unit on one SoC chip reflects light to the light receiving unit on another SoC chip adjacent to the SoC chip through the total internal reflection mirror TIR so as to realize signal transmission of the adjacent SoC chips. The Micro-LED array can become an ideal scheme for short-distance optical communication by virtue of the advantages of parallel architecture, ultra-low power consumption and high stability.

The present application relates to the field of intelligent door and window alarm, and particularly relates to a low-energy-consumption intelligent door and window safety alarm method and system based on environment sensing. The low-energy-consumption intelligent door and window safety alarm system based on environment sensing comprises an association calculation module, an initial score calculation module, a monitoring alarm module and a monitoring frequency updating module. The present application significantly optimizes system energy efficiency through a double periodicity scoring mechanism and a monitoring frequency dynamic adjustment strategy. An initial score generated based on user characteristic parameters establishes a basic energy consumption baseline, and then, in combination with deviation analysis and time sequence correction of short-period environment monitoring data, a second importance score is generated to accurately quantify the risk value of each scene. The dynamic regulation mode enables the device to maintain an ultra-low power consumption state during a risk-free period. Compared with a traditional fixed frequency, the monitoring scheme can significantly reduce energy consumption, and is particularly suitable for long-term stable operation of a battery-powered intelligent window control device.

The invention relates to a power-saving working method of a mine track locomotive identification card, which belongs to the technical field of positioning, and is characterized in that when the identification card is in a normal working mode, if the duration of a static state exceeds a set time, the identification card starts a low-power-consumption working mode, and the identification card is in discontinuous data communication with a base station or a card reader; when the identification card is in a low-power-consumption working mode, if the duration of the static state exceeds a set time, the identification card starts an ultra-low-power-consumption working mode, and the identification card communicates with the base station or the card reader at a longer interval time; when the identification card is in the ultra-low power consumption working mode, if the duration of the static state exceeds the set time, the identification card is judged to be idle; if the identification card is shaken in the low-power-consumption and ultra-low-power-consumption working mode, judging shaking characteristics, and determining whether the identification card enters the normal working mode again or not; in the idle state, if the identification card is shaken, the power supply MCU judges whether the shaking characteristic accords with the working characteristic, if yes, the mainboard MCU works, whether the working posture of the identification card is correct is judged, and if yes, the identification card enters a normal working mode.

The application discloses a single mutual inductor metering switch system, and relates to the field of intelligent power systems.The system comprises a mutual inductor power supply module, a power management module, a main control module and a load module.The mutual inductor power supply module converts the AC energy obtained through induction into DC power.The main control module controls the power management module and the load module to alternately switch between a low-power sleep mode and a high-intensity working mode according to a predetermined time sequence by executing a low-power control strategy.The application can monitor the power and the equipment state in real time by using the power supply of the mutual inductor and a special power control algorithm.The application can not only collect and control local data, but also report the data in real time to realize remote internet-of-things management.Compared with a traditional switch system, the application compresses continuous energy consumption into extremely short pulse consumption, and the equipment completes all complex work in an extremely short time window in a burst mode, and is in an "apparently dead" super-low-power state in the remaining idle time.

Embodiments of the invention include an ultra-low-power (ULP receiver system that includes n ultra-low power wakeup receiver (WRX). The WRX operates at very low power and exhibits above-average sensitivity, random pulsed interferer rejections, and yield over process.

This utility model relates to an ultra-low power, high-intensity directional acoustic warning device, including a front panel, a housing, a warning light, a sound-generating module, and a circuit board assembly. The circuit board assembly includes a power management module, a central management module, an audio algorithm processing unit, and a boost drive module. The power management module supplies power to the strobe light and the piezoelectric sound-generating unit. The central management module connects to the audio algorithm processing unit, the boost drive module, and the strobe light. The audio algorithm processing unit is connected to the boost drive module, which is also connected to the piezoelectric sound-generating unit. The central management module controls the audio algorithm processing unit to process the input audio signal and then drives the piezoelectric sound-generating unit to emit sound through the boost drive module. This utility model overcomes the high power consumption bottleneck of traditional electromagnetic loudspeakers and integrates the collaborative work of the strobe light and the piezoelectric sound source, enhancing target recognition through multi-dimensional warnings.

The invention discloses a novel high-temperature-resistant wireless passive temperature measuring device, and belongs to the technical field of thermal metering testing. According to the device, the temperature measuring device is tightly attached to the surface to be measured through the adsorption auxiliary module made of magnetic attraction or high-temperature glue, the hot end of the passive energy supply module and the temperature measuring sensor make contact with the high-temperature position to be measured at the same time, and electric energy is provided for the ultra-low power consumption temperature measuring and wireless transmitting module after the cold end and the hot end of the passive energy supply module generate the temperature difference. Electrical parameters of the temperature measurement sensor are measured by the electrical measurement module and are transmitted to an external receiving end through the wireless transmitting module, so that a real-time online measurement function is realized. The problems that an active energy supply battery is poor in safety and short in endurance time under the high-temperature condition, and circuits such as a temperature measuring module and a wireless transmitting module are intolerant to high temperature are solved, and a solution thought of a wireless passive principle is provided for a special temperature measuring scene.

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) wireless technology transmits digital data as modulated coded impulses over a very wide frequency spectrum with very low power over a short distance. Accordingly, the inventors have established UWB devices which accommodate and adapt to inaccuracies, errors, or issues within the implemented electronics, hardware, firmware, and software. Beneficially, UWB receivers may accommodate offsets in absolute frequency between their frequency source and the transmitter, accommodate drift arising from phase locked loop and / or from relative clock frequency offsets of the remote transmitter and local receiver. UWB devices may also employ modulation coding schemes offering increased efficiency with respect to power, data bits per pulse transmitted, and enabled operation at higher output power whilst complying with regulatory emission requirements. Further, UWB devices may support a ranging function with range / accuracy not limited to the low frequency master clock employed within these devices enabling operation with ultra-low power consumption.

The invention discloses a method and a system for enhancing the reliability of a low-power-consumption detection card in near field communication. The method comprises the steps that the NFC chip is configured to be in a low-power-consumption card detection state and periodically sends detection waves; the amplitude change of the detection waves is monitored, and when the change exceeds a threshold value, confirmation detection waves with the interval smaller than 1 microsecond are continuously and rapidly sent multiple times; if the amplitude changes of all the confirmation detection waves exceed the threshold value, it is judged that a card approaches and the low-power-consumption state is quitted, and otherwise, it is judged that interference exists and the original state is kept. According to the invention, a rapid continuous confirmation mechanism is realized through a hardware state machine, real cards and instantaneous interference are effectively distinguished, the problem of power consumption waste caused by false triggering is thoroughly solved, and the ultra-low power consumption of the system and the non-delay card swiping experience of a user are ensured while the detection reliability is remarkably improved.

A receiver (115) receives pulse trains (r0, r1) encoding a plurality of bits (b) using a convolutional code {3, 2, 5} whose systematic bit g0 and parity bit g1 are mapped into two binary trains (21, 22) depending respectively on g0^g1 and g1. Noting that the convolutional coding and the mapping lead to modulation (bz-1^b^b.z+1, bz-1^b.z+1, bz-1^b.z+1), a demodulator demodulates the pairs of received pulse trains (r0, r1) into respective pairs of LLR values ​​(b0, b1) and a Viterbi decoder built on a convolutional code {3, 7, 5} decodes each pair of LLR values ​​into a decoded bit (d). Optimal decoding is thus achieved, notably offering a gain estimated at 1.8 dB (in error rate) without additional complexity. See Figure 3 for the abbreviated version.

The invention discloses a hybrid level crossing analog-to-digital converter circuit integrating a successive approximation type analog-to-digital converter and an event-driven analog-to-digital converter. The circuit is composed of a level cross analog-to-digital conversion module LC ADC, a logic module LOGIC and a noise shaping successive approximation analog-to-digital converter module NSSAR ADC. The architecture effectively integrates the advantages of two converters, and has the characteristic of ultra-low power consumption of a level crossing analog-to-digital converter while keeping the high precision characteristic of a successive approximation type analog-to-digital converter. The level crossing analog-to-digital conversion module LC ADC does not participate in quantization of input signals and is only used as a pre-detection circuit of level crossing, and the noise shaping successive approximation analog-to-digital conversion module NSSAR ADC is used for completing signal processing actions such as comparison, quantization and output, so that the precision of the output signals is not restricted by the level crossing analog-to-digital conversion module LC ADC. The hybrid architecture can meet the requirements of low-power-consumption and high-precision acquisition of signals of the modern mobile Internet of Things.

The utility model discloses a kind of Zigbee factory environment data acquisition control systems.The utility model includes lithium battery, power module, main control module, lithium battery, Zigbee module, power control module, LED indicator light module and watchdog timer.Through selecting ultra-low power consumption MCU and high-efficiency power management chip, and introducing power control module to each functional unit is powered in time, significantly reduce the system average power consumption, suitable for long time battery power supply application.Main control module can be according to sensor acquisition cycle and Zigbee communication strategy, dynamically dispatch module operating state, combine sleep mechanism to reduce invalid power consumption, realize on-demand work.System integrated hardware watchdog, in abnormal condition, it can be automatically reset and resume operation, enhance the self-recovery ability of system, improve the long-term operation reliability of equipment in complex industrial environment.

Methods, apparatuses, and procedures for sidelink communications (e.g., using ultra-low power (ULP) components) are provided. For example, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) is configured to determine, based on ULP capability associated with target destination(s), information of a first transmission and a second transmission, and to transmit the first transmission including a first sidelink control information (SCI) associated with the first transmission, and the first SCI indicates resources for the second transmission and a ULP signal to be transmitted on the first transmission. The first transmission includes the ULP signal that indicates the target destination(s), the resources for the second transmission, and at least a first subset of a second SCI associated with the second transmission. The WTRU is further configured to transmit the second transmission including at least a second subset of the second SCI and sidelink payload data.

The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial automation instruments, and particularly relates to a self-powered temperature transmitter, which comprises an explosion-proof cast aluminum shell, a circuit board and a lithium battery, and is characterized in that the circuit board comprises a microcontroller MCU, a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-to-digital converter ADC, a power management circuit and a display driving circuit; the average working current of the whole machine is reduced to a microampere level by adopting multi-stage low-power-consumption design such as an ultra-low-power-consumption MCU, a low-quiescent-current power supply chip, a programmable sampling interval and intelligent backlight control, and the theoretical endurance time can reach several years in cooperation with a high-capacity lithium battery, so that the constraint of an external power supply and a cable is thoroughly eliminated; according to the technical scheme, signal range adaptation is achieved through a programmable gain amplifier on hardware, a full-scale linearization algorithm is built in software, various common industrial temperature sensors such as Pt100, Cu50, K, S, E, J, T and N can be compatible only through panel key selection, and the universality and field applicability of equipment are greatly improved.

Provided are a signal sending method and apparatus, a signal receiving method and apparatus, a terminal, and a network side device. The signal sending method includes: a terminal sends a first signal to a first network side device through an ultra-low power module, where the first signal is used for at least one of the following: indicating to enable a main communication module, and indicating to enter a target communication mode; the ultra-low power module supports ultra-low power communication; the target communication mode includes one of the following: a first mode, a second mode, a third mode, and a fourth mode; and power consumption levels of the first mode, the second mode, the third mode, and the fourth mode decreases successively.