405 results about "Pressure wave" patented technology

The invention discloses a water supply pipe network water hammer control method and system based on multifunctional module fusion, and relates to the technical field of data identification. A time sequence diagram neural network prediction and traceability module which realizes water hammer risk prediction and propagation path traceability based on a causal constraint graph neural network model; the reinforcement learning intervention decision module is used for generating an active intervention strategy through a reinforcement learning agent, forming closed-loop control, abstracting a water supply pipe network into a graph structure, and modeling in combination with a time sequence, so that a propagation path of pressure waves can be comprehensively reflected, a blind area of traditional local modeling is overcome, and the comprehensiveness and accuracy of water hammer event detection are improved; and a causal analysis result is input as an adjacent matrix, so that the interference of irrelevant edges on prediction in topology is effectively eliminated, and the learning efficiency and causal traceability of the model are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of non-electrical variable control, and discloses an industrial water chiller temperature intelligent adjusting system, which comprises a refrigeration circulation loop and a control unit, the control unit calculates a steady state control component based on the water outlet temperature deviation, performs differential processing on the refrigerant pressure to extract the gradient, and outputs the gradient. Generating a transient compensation component when the gradient exceeds a dynamic noise threshold; according to the method, the problem of thermal lag is solved by utilizing the pressure wave transmission speed advantage, aggressive response is prevented from triggering low-pressure shutdown through a safety margin constraint mechanism, the pressure safety margin is calculated in real time, a gain coefficient is determined according to a nonlinear model, and a final driving instruction is generated. And the dynamic balance of the control response speed and the system physical security boundary is realized.

The invention discloses an experimental device and an experimental method for combustible gas explosion discharge of a communicating container, and belongs to the field of combustible gas explosion protection. The experimental device comprises a communicated discharge container, a gas distribution system, a high-voltage ignition system, a data acquisition system, a high-speed schlieren system and a synchronous control system. The experimental device and the experimental method can be used for experimental research on combustible gas explosion release of the communicating container; the influence rules of factors such as static action pressure (Pstat), discharge caliber (Dv), discharge coefficient (Kv), spherical explosion container volume ratio (V1 / V2), communication pipeline length (L), communication pipeline diameter (D), fuel gas equivalence ratio (phi), ignition position (IIn) and ignition energy (E) on flammable gas explosion discharge overpressure and discharge flame are analyzed; and the formation factors of internal and external discharge overpressure peak values (a peak value Pb formed by rupture of a discharge diaphragm, a peak value Pex formed by external secondary explosion, a peak value Ph formed by Helmholtz oscillation, a peak value Pac formed by sound wave coupling and a peak value Pred formed by a maximum flame area), a discharge gas cloud structure, a discharge flame form and an external pressure wave evolution rule are explored.

The invention discloses a BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based large-span post-tensioned bonded prestressed beam construction method. The BIM-based large-span post-tensioned bonded prestressed beam construction method comprises the following steps: collecting a vibration signal of a working rib and a matt rib reference signal of a matt rib; inputting the dummy rib reference signal into an adaptive filtering algorithm to which phase preserving constraint is applied, and performing noise cancellation processing on the working rib vibration signal to generate a purified pressure wave signal; performing multi-scale decomposition on the purified signal, extracting propagation time delay of the direct wave based on coherence analysis among components, and generating a phase-time delay characteristic matrix; and based on pre-configured geometric parameters of the BIM three-dimensional model, a real-time stress distribution field is calculated through inversion according to the phase-time delay characteristic matrix, and the real-time stress distribution field is synchronously updated to the BIM three-dimensional model. According to the method, the phase distortion problem under noise interference is solved through a physical reference channel and phase preserving filtering, the accuracy of time delay extraction is improved through a multi-path separation technology, and high-precision and high-robustness real-time monitoring of the prestress is achieved.

The invention provides a method for testing flow-induced noise of a pipeline. The method comprises the following steps: S1, determining measurement positions at an upstream flow channel and a downstream flow channel of a measured element, carrying out normalization processing on measured signals, and calculating the pressure power spectrum density of the inner wall surface of a pipe; s2, calculating a wall surface pressure fluctuation time domain cross correlation coefficient, and analyzing correlation characteristics between wall surface pressure pulsation; s3, spectrum intrinsic orthogonal decomposition is carried out on the pressure pulsation field, and space-time decoupling is achieved through time domain-frequency domain conversion; s4, extracting a dominant flow-induced noise mode, constructing an empirical frequency-wave number spectrum, and decomposing fluctuating energy distribution into contributions of different frequency and wave number combinations; s5, analyzing the decoupled flow-induced noise characteristic result, and identifying the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the flow-induced noise; according to the invention, real-time measurement of pressure pulsation in the pipeline can be realized, decoupling analysis of flow field pulsation and sound pressure pulsation can be carried out on the measured signal, and characteristics and a generation mechanism of pipeline flow-induced noise can be identified.

The invention discloses a pure electric vehicle heat pump type whole vehicle thermal management system and method, and relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle thermal management, and the method comprises the following steps: constructing a combined twin system of thermal fluid, structural vibration and acoustic fluctuation, collecting pressure waves and vibration phases by using an array sensor, forming a steady state baseline spectrum and a transient state baseline spectrum, and calculating the temperature of the steady state baseline spectrum and the transient state baseline spectrum; and a unified reference is established. According to the method, a combined twinborn system of thermal fluid, structural vibration and acoustic fluctuation is constructed, the dynamic characteristics of pulsating waves are accurately monitored, and instability early warning is carried out by using a phase locking tracking method. Through pipeline topology reconstruction and segmented damping link design, a self-adaptive pulsation buffer zone is introduced, and pulsation energy is effectively absorbed. And in combination with a multi-target control law and a time reflection mirror cooperative regulation strategy, refrigerant flow is accurately controlled, pulsation energy is actively counteracted, and stable operation of the system is guaranteed. Through the innovative design, the stability of a heat management loop is improved, the fault risk caused by pulsation is reduced, and the cooling efficiency and safety are improved.

A bi-directional photoacoustic gas sensor includes a first photoacoustic cell, where an electromagnetic radiation source emits radiation to interact with an external gas and generate pressure waves that are detected by a MEMS diaphragm. A second photoacoustic cell has an interior volume and acoustic compliance that corresponds to the interior volume and acoustic compliance of the first photoacoustic cell. Processing circuitry within a substrate uses a first acoustic signal, received by the first photoacoustic cell, and a second acoustic signal, received by the second photoacoustic cell, to determine a bi-directional response of the gas sensor to remove noise and improve the sensor's signal-to-noise ratio.

The utility model relates to the field of fuel gas pressure regulation, in particular to a double-layer noise reduction valve cage and a regulating valve, which comprises an inner-layer valve cage, a plurality of first noise reduction holes, a second-layer valve cage and a third-layer valve cage, the outer-layer valve cage is arranged outside the inner-layer valve cage in a sleeving manner and fixedly connected with the inner-layer valve cage, and a plurality of second silencing holes which are arranged according to a second rule are formed in the outer-layer valve cage; and the inner-layer valve cage and the outer-layer valve cage are coaxially arranged. According to the utility model, the inner-layer valve cage is used for preliminarily dispersing pressure waves and noise of fluid through the plurality of first silencing holes arranged according to the first rule, the outer-layer valve cage is used for further absorbing and scattering residual noise generated by the inner-layer fluid through the second silencing holes, and the inner-layer valve cage and the outer-layer valve cage are coaxially arranged; the additional flow resistance generated when fluid penetrates through different layers can be reduced, and meanwhile the continuity of a flow channel is guaranteed. Under the conditions of high pressure difference and large flow, noise of the regulating valve is effectively reduced, it is ensured that the noise level does not exceed 85 decibels, and the requirements of specific application occasions are met.

An acoustic matching structure is used to increase the power radiated from a transducing element with a higher impedance into a surrounding acoustic medium with a lower acoustic impedance. The acoustic matching structure consists of a thin, substantially planar cavity bounded by a two end walls and a side wall. The end walls of the cavity are formed by a blocking plate wall and a transducing element wall separated by a short distance (less than one quarter of the wavelength of acoustic waves in the surrounding medium at the operating frequency). The end walls and side wall bound a cavity with diameter approximately equal to half of the wavelength of acoustic waves in the surrounding medium. In operation, a transducing element generates acoustic oscillations in the fluid in the cavity. The transducing element may be an actuator which generates motion of an end wall in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the cavity to excite acoustic oscillations in the fluid in the cavity, and the cavity geometry and resonant amplification increase the amplitude of the resulting pressure oscillation. The cavity side wall or end walls contain at least one aperture positioned away from the center of the cavity to allow pressure waves to propagate into the surrounding acoustic medium.

The invention relates to the technical field of logging, and discloses a logging-while-drilling mud pressure wave signal processing method and system, a terminal and a medium, and aims at acquiring noise signals of a mud pump, performing Fourier transform, determining working frequency band characteristics of the mud pump, acquiring and performing Fourier transform during pressure wave signal transmission, and determining current working frequency band characteristics. On the basis of the comparison result of the characteristics of the two sections of frequency bands, a proper filter is determined, quantitative and accurate filtering of noise signals is achieved, and the characteristics of original pressure wave signals are effectively recovered. The noise frequency band characteristic of the mud pump signal is determined by accurately analyzing the frequency band characteristic of the mud pump signal, and the recovery of the pressure wave signal is realized by combining the frequency spectrum characteristic of the pressure wave signal and based on the design and selection of a band-pass / band-stop filter; according to the signal processing method, noise filtering is carried out based on actual parameter adjustment to replace original experience-based setting, so that an engineer can rapidly debug instrument parameters based on operation parameters, and the instrument debugging time is shortened.

The invention discloses an elastic material hydrofoil fluid-solid coupling cavitation erosion forecasting method based on a potential energy theory, and belongs to the field of computational fluid mechanics and cavitation. The implementation method comprises the following steps: simulating the cavitation of the hydrofoil made of the elastic material by using a tight coupling algorithm to obtain the pressure and steam volume fraction distribution of the surface of the hydrofoil; a steam volume fraction distribution based on pressure; constructing an erosion index correction factor F for representing the bending torsional deformation degree of the elastic material hydrofoil to correct the cavitation erosion index represented by the pressure wave power density; the cavitation erosion indexes larger than a threshold value are screened out, and the final cavitation erosion risk index is a quotient after superposition of the cavitation erosion indexes; the corrected cavitation erosion index data are interpolated into RGB color data, the data serve as a geometric structure model of a fourth-dimensional mapping elastic material hydrofoil, and the corrected cavitation erosion index numerical value is represented through color change. The corrected cavitation erosion index can more accurately forecast a cavitation erosion risk part on the surface of the hydrofoil made of the elastic material.

A method is described for generating high-resolution images of transversely isotropic mechanical properties and attenuation properties of tissues associated with measured compressional waves. A pressure wave is transmitted to a region containing fibers that are oriented with transverse isotropy. Waves are received that propagate after the pressure wave has impinged upon the fibers. An initial velocity and attenuation model is created that takes into account the transverse isotropy of the fibers. Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is used to iteratively minimize a difference between the received data and the initial velocity and attenuation model to create an image of the region that takes into account the transverse isotropy of the fibers. The image has a higher resolution than if created using the initial velocity and attenuation model.

The invention discloses a transformer arc fault equivalent test device and a control method, and relates to the technical field of power equipment fault simulation and safety test, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the corresponding high-pressure gas storage through a high-pressure gas storage unit according to target pressure data calculated by a choking flow dynamic coupling model; the quick release unit is used for matching fault duration according to the test trigger instruction so as to release the high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas storage unit; the energy injection unit injects high-pressure gas into the test oil tank to form shock waves; the safety protection unit starts an interlocking protection mechanism based on the test data; the monitoring control unit controls each unit to act, monitors the operation process of each unit in real time, and obtains and identifies the validity of test data to optimize the test process; according to the invention, automatic test process control is realized, the arc fault key damage effect can be accurately quantified and reproduced, high-precision matching of pressure wave time domain characteristics is realized, and the reliability of a test result is ensured.

Acoustic sensors with one or more microlens structures, as well as methods for fabricating and operating such acoustic sensor systems are disclosed. In some embodiments, an apparatus may include: an acoustic sensing element; a display stack; a first layer of material having a first acoustic refractive index and one or more microlens structures disposed at a first surface of the first layer of material; and a second layer of material disposed on the first layer of material and the one or more microlens structures, the second layer of material having a second acoustic refractive index that is different from the first acoustic refractive index. The one or more microlens structures may be configured to form a focused pressure wave from one or more acoustic signals emitted by the acoustic sensing element.

The invention discloses a numerical method for evaluating a high-speed train head type relieving tunnel micro-pressure wave effect. The optimization method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional geometric model of a full-size three-marshalling train; establishing geometric models of the tunnel and the background area, wherein the tunnel portal shape is a portal shape without a buffer structure and a portal shape with a buffer structure; carrying out grid division and physical model setting on the geometric models of the train and the tunnel by utilizing computational fluid mechanics software, simulating a process of generating an initial compression wave when the train enters the tunnel by utilizing an overlapping grid method, and carrying out grid independence verification and numerical method verification; simulating the tunnel entering process of different train head types; according to the flow field characteristics in the tunnel and the pressure monitoring point data, determining and forming a complete initial compression wave waveform position; and comparing the initial compression wave shapes and the pressure gradient amplitudes of different head shapes, and evaluating the effect of each high-speed train head shape in the aspect of relieving the tunnel micro-pressure wave effect. The maximum pressure gradient value of the initial compression wave generated when the high-speed train drives into the tunnel can be accurately predicted, the flow field is simple, the grid design is reasonable, and the calculation time can be greatly saved.

A device for generating pressure waves of high amplitude, in particular for boiler cleaning, has a pressure-resistant container (21, 40) with a combustion chamber (121) inserted therein, which can be filled with a flowable burn-off material via supply lines. The pressure-resistant container has a discharge opening (306) for the directional discharge of gas pressure generated by ignition of the combustible material. A piston (70) closes the discharge opening, can release it for directional discharge and can be pushed back into the initial position by a spring device. With respect to its longitudinal direction (305), the seat of the piston (70) has a piston surface (302) inclined obliquely to the discharge opening (306), which is arranged opposite a housing surface (303) also inclined obliquely to the discharge opening (306), the housing surface (303) opening opposite the piston surface (302) at an angle (304) oriented towards the discharge opening (306) from a closure line (65) oriented perpendicularly to the piston direction (90).

The invention discloses an electric forklift gantry synchronous inclination system and an inclination system control method, and relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering and electrical control, and the method comprises the following steps: establishing a time-frequency phase-locked observation baseline, and calibrating an abnormal trigger window by collecting a pressure wave change track of the gantry synchronous inclination system under a reverse pressure bearing condition; generating a pressure wave characteristic fingerprint and a time delay matrix as dynamic references for resonance path identification; and according to the pressure wave characteristic fingerprints and the time delay matrix, inverting a hydraulic pipeline reflection topology, identifying a pressure energy concentration area, extracting a resonance source anchor point, constructing a wave energy distribution diagram, and forming a space positioning basis of the standing wave risk. According to the method, hydraulic standing wave risk modeling and boundary extraction are achieved through time-frequency observation and resonance path recognition, a standing wave damping structure is constructed in combination with the phase conjugate test and track shaping technology, steady-state damping and high-precision synchronous inclination control of the portal under reverse pressure bearing are achieved, and the system stability and operation safety are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics, in particular to a railway tunnel micro-pressure wave pneumatic analysis and evaluation management system which comprises the following steps: S1, speed verification: acquiring the current train speed; s2, track type judgment: obtaining the track type of the tunnel; s3, tunnel length judgment: obtaining the tunnel length; s4, micro-pressure wave evaluation: calculating a micro-pressure wave peak value, comparing the micro-pressure wave peak value with a control standard, and judging whether the micro-pressure wave peak value meets the standard or not; s5, mitigation measures: when the micro-pressure crest value exceeds the standard, adopting the mitigation measures, and updating the input parameters to perform modeling simulation and evaluation again; and S6, outputting a result: generating a report. According to the method, the automation level and the intelligent degree of tunnel pneumatic safety design are effectively improved, and the risk of environment and safety problems caused by micro-pressure waves is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of immersed roadbed simulation, in particular to an immersed roadbed simulation test system and method for repeated seepage based on load action, and the system comprises a dynamic water pressure gradient generation subsystem, a stress seepage coupling response cavity subsystem and a seepage stability loss early warning network subsystem. The method comprises the following steps: forming a time-space alternating water pressure gradient field on a permeable medium substrate by a wave front of programmable pressure waves; introducing the water pressure gradient field into a three-way independent loading frame; asymmetrical cyclic stress waves are applied to the roadbed sample through the piezoelectric lattice array, and meanwhile the transient hydraulic impedance spectrum of pores in the sample is captured in real time; inputting the local strain energy density distribution and the pore dynamic water pressure pulsation intensity into a chaotic feature extractor, and outputting a structure degradation energy entropy value; and when the structure degradation energy entropy value breaks through the phase change threshold value, three-stage early warning is triggered. Controllable experimental conditions and quantitative evaluation means are provided for studying the progressive failure mechanism of the immersed roadbed under the action of repeated seepage-load coupling.

The invention discloses a high-frequency water hammer pressure wave monitor suitable for fracturing, and relates to the technical field of water hammer pressure monitoring, the high-frequency water hammer pressure wave monitor comprises a shell, and the inner wall of the shell is sequentially provided with a buffer pad, a communication power supply module, a data acquisition and processing module, a signal adjusting and filtering module and a pressure detection module from top to bottom; a filter screen is fixedly connected to the lower side of the inner wall of the shell, and a vibration sensing module and a temperature collecting module are arranged between the pressure detection module and the signal adjusting and filtering module. By arranging the pressure detection module, the signal adjusting and filtering module, the data acquisition and processing module, the communication power supply module, the buffer pad, the vibration sensing module and the temperature acquisition module, a complete pressure acquisition, signal conditioning, data processing and transmission system is constructed, and the system has anti-seismic compensation and temperature correction functions; the system improves the monitoring precision and the system stability, is high in practicality, and is suitable for the real-time monitoring demands under the working condition of high-frequency water attack.

A device optionally includes a housing defining a cavity extending through the housing. The device includes, for example, a first sensing membrane having a first deflectable surface that deflects in response to a pressure wave and a second sensing membrane spaced from the first membrane having a second deflectable surface that deflects in response to a pressure wave and connected with the housing. A device includes a coupling positioned between the first membrane and the second membrane. The coupling is configured to transmit a representation of the deflection of one or more of the membranes. A device optionally includes a sensor in communication with one or more of the first membrane, the second membrane or the coupling.

The invention discloses a gas pipe network leakage point accurate positioning method based on a multi-source signal attenuation model, and belongs to the technical field of gas pipe network safety monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: arranging monitoring nodes integrating pressure waves, sound waves and an optical fiber vibration module according to a triangular coverage principle, and synchronously acquiring signals through a GPS (Global Positioning System) or the Ethernet; performing targeted denoising on the three types of signals by adopting a wavelet threshold method, a self-adaptive noise cancellation method and an empirical mode decomposition method; constructing a single signal attenuation sub-model associated with the fuel gas viscosity, the density, the pipe diameter and the sound wave dominant frequency, and fusing the single signal attenuation sub-model into a unified attenuation model through information entropy dynamic weight; solving a leakage point coordinate enabling the error between the theoretical value and the measured value to be minimum by utilizing a gradient descent method; through actual coordinate verification, if an error is greater than 5 meters, attenuation coefficient iterative optimization is adjusted. The system adapts to different pressure grades, gas types and complex working conditions, has the advantages of being high in anti-interference capacity and low in operation and maintenance cost, and is suitable for daily operation and maintenance and emergency disposal of the pipe network.

The invention provides a continuous wave mud pulse code modulation method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling. The method comprises the following steps: encoding detected target acquisition information into a multi-system code element; two code elements are taken as a group to form a code element group, and the code element group controls the rotating speed of a rotor together to form a modulated pressure wave signal for determining a phase delay degree and a phase switching position corresponding to the phase delay degree; wherein the phase switching position is a time period when the corresponding phase delay degree occurs in a modulation period of the code element group to the pressure wave signal. According to the invention, on the premise of not additionally occupying frequency band resources, the transmission information amount is doubled, so that the signal transmission rate based on the continuous wave mud pulse is doubled, and the defect of low transmission rate in the traditional code modulation mode for the continuous wave mud pulse is overcome.

The invention discloses a broadband EFPI sensor constructed by multi-resonance characteristics and application thereof in partial discharge detection, and belongs to the technical field of partial discharge detection. The problem that an existing narrow-band ultrasonic sensor is unstable in detection sensitivity when facing broadband partial discharge ultrasonic signals with randomly distributed sound energy spectrums is solved. An EFPI sensor front-end sound sensitive diaphragm is constructed by adopting a mode of laminating multiple layers of cavities, each layer of cavity is formed by separating multiple layers of diaphragms, each layer of diaphragm has different resonant frequencies, the cavity adjacent to the tail end of an EFPI sensor optical fiber is filled with an air medium, and the other cavities are filled with transformer oil, so that the EFPI sensor front-end sound sensitive diaphragm is formed. The mechanical vibration and sound pressure waves of the diaphragm are transmitted by using the low compression characteristic of the liquid, a strong effect on the cavity length change of the Fabry-Perot cavity is formed, the detection sensitivity of the EFPI sensor in more frequency band ranges is improved, and the stability of the partial discharge ultrasonic sensor on the detection sensitivity of partial discharge ultrasonic signals is improved.

The invention relates to the field of material forming, and discloses a local gradient silicon-aluminum electronic packaging material forming method which comprises the following steps: carrying out micro-nano structure pretreatment on a gradient silicon-aluminum material to be compounded and a heterogeneous metal interface; the pressure wave frequency is determined according to the used ultrasonic wave frequency, the ratio of the pressure wave frequency to the ultrasonic wave frequency is 1: 3-1: 5, and in the interface treatment process of the ultrasonic wave-electric field synergistic effect, periodic pressure wave intensity change is executed, and stable output of the ultrasonic wave and the electric field is maintained; a to-be-composited material is placed in a special treatment cavity, triple physical field combination is applied according to a specific sequence, an electric field is applied firstly, then ultrasonic waves are applied while the electric field is maintained, and finally pressure waves with intensity gradient are applied while the first physical field and the second physical field are maintained; carrying out hot press molding and quality detection on the treated material; according to the method, the problem of unstable quality caused by random distribution of bubbles in a traditional method is solved.

The application relates to the field of gas pressure safety monitoring, and discloses a multi-scene gas pressure safety guarantee and remote monitoring system. The system comprises a dual-mode sensing module, a topology mapping module, a wave speed cooperation module, a fluid routing module, a routing locking module and a remote monitoring module. The wave speed cooperation module utilizes the difference between the propagation speeds of radio waves and pressure waves to send a preemptive wake-up frame, drives a downstream node to start sampling and backtrack to read a hardware cache before a pressure wave arrives, and realizes complete capture of a transient waveform. The fluid routing module constructs a high-reliability control slice containing only physically connected links and a full-through monitoring slice based on radio frequency based on fluid connectivity parameters. The routing locking module generates cascaded locking instructions bound to the control slice, prevents mis-transmission of the instructions beyond a physical breakpoint by using a routing overhead mechanism, and reports a state after a circuit is opened by the monitoring slice. The application effectively solves the problems of transient leakage of low-power devices and mismatch between wireless control logic and physical topology.

The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a double-period QPSK continuous wave signal detection method, aiming at solving the problem that the prior art cannot accurately detect and identify drilling fluid pulse signals. The method comprises: collecting a drilling fluid continuous pressure wave QPSK output signal as a measurement-while-drilling signal; wavelet-decomposing the measurement-while-drilling signal to obtain a noisy drilling fluid pulse signal and a noise signal; combining the noise signal, and filtering the noisy drilling fluid pulse signal through a pre-constructed RBF neural network nonlinear adaptive filter to obtain a noise-filtered drilling fluid pulse signal. The present application realizes accurate detection and identification of drilling fluid pulse signals.

This application provides a multi-parameter Gaussian beam inversion imaging method, apparatus, and device for acoustic VTI media, belonging to the field of seismic data processing technology. Based on normal time-difference correction velocity parameters, non-elliptic parameters, and Thomsen parameters, the pressure wave field control equation in the acoustic VTI medium is parameterized to obtain a migration operator. Based on the migration operator, the acquired actual seismic data is migrated to obtain actual migration imaging results. Based on the migration operator, the difference between the forward-modeled seismic data containing and without point scatterers is migrated to obtain a point spread function. The point spread function is spatially convolved with the initial perturbation parameter model to obtain simulated migration imaging results. Based on the actual and simulated migration imaging results, a first model loss is determined. The initial perturbation parameter model is iterated with the goal of minimizing the first model loss, improving the stability of imaging and parameter estimation in weakly illuminated areas.

A pump comprising a fluid inlet (1) with an inlet control element (4), a fluid outlet (2) with an outlet control element (5), an interior (3), an oscillator element (6) configured to cause longitudinal oscillations in the fluid in the interior (3) of the pump, and at least one pressure sensor in the interior (3) for monitoring the internal pressure, characterized in that the interior (3) is shaped such that the pressure waves are focused in the area of ​​at least one of the passages (1, 2), wherein at least one wall of the interior (3) is shaped as a concave mirror, and wherein the inlet (1) and / or outlet (2) are arranged at the focal point of the concave mirror, and that the oscillator element (6) is arranged relative to the concave mirror and to the respective at least one passage (1, 2) such that pressure waves generated by it are focused at this focal point.wherein inlet (1) and outlet (2) are arranged side by side less than one inlet or outlet width apart at their edges on a common wall of the interior (3) and the wall of the interior (3) opposite this wall is designed as a concave mirror whose focal point lies in the region of inlet (1) and outlet (2), or inlet (1) and outlet (2) are opposite each other at a protrusion of the wall of the interior (3), wherein the focal point is located exactly in this protrusion.

The present invention relates to a flame tube structure and its burner. The flame tube is arranged inside the burner, and the head of the burner extends into the interior of the front end of the flame tube. An array of concave tongue piece assemblies is axially provided on the flame tube, and each group of concave tongue piece assemblies is circumferentially arranged on the inner side of the flame tube wall. A partition plate and a sound cavity plate are arranged between the concave tongues of the concave tongue piece assembly. The side of the sound cavity plate facing the flame tube wall forms a cooling transition cavity, and the side facing the interior of the flame tube forms a sound cavity. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The combined design of the concave tongue being divided into a concave section and a straight section improves the cooling effect. In the concave section, the heat transfer effect is enhanced by increasing the heat transfer area, and in the straight section, due to the reduction in cross-sectional area, the flow velocity increases, enhancing the convective heat transfer effect. The space between two concave tongues is divided into a sound cavity and a cooling transition cavity by the sound cavity plate, making full use of the space. The sound cavity is used to absorb the energy of the pressure wave, and the cooling transition cavity is used to balance the cooling effect of the concave tongues in the circumferential direction.