970 results about "Electrode pair" patented technology

In one embodiment, a medical system includes a catheter configured to be inserted into a chamber of a heart of a living subject, and including multiple electrodes configured to capture electrical activity from electrical activation signals propagating in tissue of the chamber, a display, and processing circuitry configured to automatically select bipolar signals to be captured into an electro-anatomical map from respective electrode pairs of the multiple electrodes responsively to an alignment of the respective electrode pairs with a direction of propagation of the electrical activation signals, and render the electro-anatomical map to the display.

The invention discloses a large-scale pig breeding wastewater purification treatment system, and relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment.The large-scale pig breeding wastewater purification treatment system is characterized in that the ion concentration of anaerobic liquid is monitored through a multi-ion sensing array, and a multi-channel feeding system is controlled to synthesize customized struvite compound fertilizer; the AI prediction control unit predicts the optimal medicament dosage and realizes millisecond-level closed-loop regulation; the multi-dimensional synergistic biochemical treatment module comprises an A / O biochemical treatment unit and an electric field enhanced anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, the electric field enhanced anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor applies a direct-current electric field through an electrode pair, and engineering conductive biochar is used as a carrier to accelerate microbial metabolism; the sludge low-temperature pyrolysis self-consistent circulation module is used for pyrolyzing and converting residual sludge into biochar, biofuel and wood vinegar, and the biochar activation treatment unit is used for preparing engineering conductive biochar and forming a substance closed loop through a self-consistent circulation conveying system; and the digital twinning intelligent management and control platform realizes intelligent management and control of the system.

The invention discloses an electrode connecting and changing device suitable for an electric arc furnace, relates to the technical field of clamping tools, and provides the electrode connecting and changing device suitable for the electric arc furnace, the electrode connecting and changing device suitable for the electric arc furnace is integrated on a lifting appliance, when an electrode needs to be butted and tightened, an annular tightening assembly is lowered to the position close to the bottom of a new electrode through a winch assembly, and then the electrode is tightened. The electrode is tightened on the carrying table in a force-borrowing mode; when dirt and maintenance are needed, the device can be placed on the ground to be cleaned and maintained; when a fault occurs, the electrode connecting and replacing device and a new electrode can be lifted away together by directly utilizing a workshop crane, and the influence on the electrode butt joint process is small; the electrode connecting and changing device suitable for the electric arc furnace has the technical effects that the electrode connecting and changing device suitable for the electric arc furnace can assist workers in completing electrode connecting and changing operation, the occupied space is small, overhaul, maintenance and cleaning are convenient, the risk is low, and the influence on the electrode butt joint process is small when faults occur.

A system in accordance with at least some embodiments of the present technology includes a robot and a dock. The robot includes a body and a plurality of legs connected to the body through which the robot is configured to ambulate. The robot further includes a hanger carried by the body and a charge-receiving electrode at the hanger. The dock includes a hook, a charge-dispensing electrode at the hook, and a guide that urges the hanger into alignment with the hook. The system is transitionable between an undocked state and a docked state. In the undocked state, the robot and the dock are spaced apart from one another. In the docked state, the hanger is received at the hook, the dock supports at least a portion of a weight of the robot via the hook, and the charge-receiving electrode is electrically connected to the charge-dispensing electrode.

The invention provides a medical accelerator beam excitation device and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of medical accelerators, and the medical accelerator beam excitation device comprises an integrated exciter which comprises a horizontally arranged first electrode pair and a vertically arranged second electrode pair; the excitation signal source is used for generating a working point excitation signal or a slow extraction excitation signal; the excitation signal source outputs a working point excitation signal or slowly leads out the excitation signal to the power amplification and routing module, and the power amplification and routing module is used for performing power amplification on the received excitation signal and routing the amplified excitation signal to the first electrode pair or the second electrode pair; and the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are used for applying an excitation effect on the beam current according to the amplified excitation signal. According to the application, the excitation electrode and the power amplification link can be multiplexed, and two functions of working point excitation and slow extraction excitation can be simultaneously realized on one set of device, so that the space of the accelerator is effectively saved.

The invention discloses crack self-monitoring concrete which comprises a concrete matrix, a differential electrode pair, an acoustic emission sensor array, an embedded temperature and humidity sensor and a multi-scale conductive network, the concrete matrix is concrete prepared from a cementing material, water, a fine aggregate, a water reducing agent, a conductive coarse aggregate, a hybrid fiber system, a nano conductive filler and a polymer interface reinforcing agent; the differential electrode pair comprises a tension area electrode and a compression area electrode; the embedded temperature and humidity sensor and the acoustic emission sensor array are arranged on the surface of concrete or in the concrete; the multi-scale conductive network is distributed in the concrete matrix; the invention further discloses a preparation method of the crack self-monitoring concrete and a crack self-monitoring method. The crack self-monitoring concrete is sensitive in resistance change response during stress, obvious in signal sudden change during fracture, sensitive and reliable in crack monitoring and low in false alarm rate, and can provide early warning time windows of different levels for structure maintenance and emergency decision.

The present application relates to a solar cell, a photovoltaic module, and a preparation method for a solar cell. The solar cell comprises a silicon substrate, a transport layer, and a first electrode; the transport layer is located on a side of the silicon substrate, metal crystals being provided in the transport layer; the first electrode is located on the side of the transport layer away from the silicon substrate, and is electrically connected to the transport layer and the metal crystals; in the width direction of the first electrode, the number of the metal crystals distributed at two end parts of the first electrode is less than the number thereof distributed at other positions of the first electrode except the two end parts. The metal crystals are located below the first electrode and distributed at positions near the middle of the first electrode, which can reduce a transmission path of carriers in the first electrode so as to help the carriers to be directly exported from the first electrode, improving the efficiency of the first electrode collecting the carriers.

The invention relates to a cast-rolling casting nozzle with an electric-magnetic coupling oscillation effect. Relates to a cast-rolling casting nozzle with an electromagnetic oscillation effect, which is matched with a horizontal double-roller cast-rolling machine in the field of aluminum alloy die casting. The method is used for solving the inevitable internal macrosegregation defect of the high-alloy-content aluminum alloy cast-rolled product. The device comprises an L-shaped electrode pair 1; a side seal 2; an excitation device 3; a guide plate 4; a cooling water pipe (inlet / outlet) 5; a copper enameled wire (excitation) 6; a countersunk self-tapping screw 7; a casting nozzle upper plate 8; a rhombic shunting block 9; a nozzle lower plate 10; and a casting nozzle bottom plate 11. In the casting and rolling process, an oscillating electric field and a steady magnetic field are introduced, electromagnetic coupling force is generated at the outlet end of a casting nozzle, the electromagnetic force effectively stirs a semi-solid aluminum alloy melt, and therefore the purposes that alloy is evenly distributed, and segregation defects are reduced or even eliminated are achieved. The method is used in 4-series, 6-series and 7-series aluminum alloys, and the effect is obvious.

The invention relates to a field effect emitter microstructure, an electron emitter device, an X-ray tube and a method for generating X-rays by means of an X-ray tube. The field effect emitter microstructure comprises an emitter needle, a gate electrode with a gate opening, the gate opening connects the lower side and the upper side of the gate electrode, and the longitudinal central axis of the emitter needle is vertical to the gate electrode in the emission direction and is aligned with the gate opening; a first insulating layer in which free electrons can be generated by means of an emission voltage that can be applied between the gate electrode and the field-effect emission section, the field-effect emitter microstructure being characterized in that a second insulating layer, the lower side of which adjoins the upper side of the gate electrode at least in part, is provided, and an electrically conductive focusing layer, the focusing layer being provided in which the free electrons can be generated in the field-effect emission section by means of an emission voltage that can be applied between the gate electrode and the field-effect emission section. The upper side of the second insulating layer is at least partially adjacent to the lower side of the focusing layer, and the second insulating layer and the focusing layer each have a through-opening for free electrons that can be generated in the field-effect emission section.

The invention provides an electroencephalogram collecting system which comprises a plurality of electroencephalogram electrodes connected to the brain of a living body to detect electroencephalogram signals. The acquisition module is correspondingly connected with the electroencephalogram electrodes so as to acquire electroencephalogram signals and preprocess the electroencephalogram signals; the acquisition module comprises at least one electroencephalogram acquisition sub-module, and the electroencephalogram acquisition sub-module is integrated with an amplifier, a multiplexer and an analog-to-digital converter; the main control module is used for carrying out secondary processing on the electroencephalogram signals and comprises a logic control unit and a processing unit; the logic control unit is connected with the acquisition module; and the processing unit is connected with a management terminal so as to configure parameters of the logic control unit and send the electroencephalogram signals subjected to secondary processing to the management terminal. According to the electroencephalogram acquisition system, the acquisition module and the main control module are integrated, so that electroencephalogram acquisition can be realized without a sickbed, and the portability and the flexibility of the electroencephalogram acquisition system are improved.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a high-frequency pulse self-heating method of a lithium ion battery and an electric vehicle, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining state parameters of the lithium ion battery, the state parameters comprising a first current temperature, a current charge state and a current health state of the lithium ion battery; judging whether the first current temperature is lower than a first temperature threshold value or not and whether the current charge state meets a pulse heating condition or not; when the first current temperature is lower than a first temperature threshold value and the current state of charge meets the pulse heating condition, the optimal pulse frequency and the optimal pulse current of pulse excitation are obtained based on the state parameters, the full-battery alternating-current impedance spectrum and the negative electrode pair reference alternating-current impedance spectrum; and performing internal pulse self-heating on the lithium ion battery by adopting a pulse excitation mode based on the optimal pulse frequency and the optimal pulse current. The scheme provided by the invention has the characteristics of high heating efficiency, uniform heating temperature distribution, low energy consumption and low influence on the electrical performance and service life of the battery, and can effectively avoid the risk of lithium precipitation of the negative electrode.

A milk-flow rate (Q) of a fluid comprising milk or a mixture of milk and gas through a conduit (165) is determined by a sensor device (140) with a measurement chamber (160) comprising a reference electrode pair (170) and first and second measurement electrode pairs (110, 120) that determine at least one electrical characteristic of the fluid(RD). Based thereon, a processing device (150) derives a conductivity (σ) and / or an impedance (Z) value of the fluid that passes through the measurement chamber (160) at each of the first and second measurement electrode pairs (110, 120). Based thereon, in turn, the processing device (150) repeatedly derives a milk-filling factor (FF) in measurement chamber (160) and a speed (v) of the fluid that passes through the measurement chamber (160) by comparing the conductivity (σ) and / or the impedance (Z) value of the fluid at each of the first and second measurement electrode pairs with the conductivity (σ) and / or the impedance (Z) value of the milk of the fluid at the reference electrode pair (170) and mapping a first series of values against a second series of values in a set of temporal windows. The first series of values comprises the values of the first test parameter in the set of temporal windows and the second series of values comprises the values of the second test parameter in the set of temporal windows. A trained neural network (180) repeatedly determines the milk-flow rate (Q) based on the milk-filling factor (FF) in the measurement chamber (160) and the speed of (v) the fluid that passes through the measurement chamber (160).

A touch screen temperature detection method, comprising: acquiring a first-type capacitance signal quantity and a second-type capacitance signal quantity corresponding to N touch-control electrodes in a touch screen (101), wherein N is a positive integer, N≥2, and the N touch-control electrodes are distributed in different regions of the touch screen; on the basis of the first-type capacitance signal quantity and the second-type capacitance signal quantity corresponding to the N touch-control electrodes, determining the real-time temperatures of the N touch-control electrodes (102); and on the basis of the real-time temperatures of the N touch-control electrodes, acquiring the real-time temperature of the touch screen (103). Also disclosed are a touch-control chip and a touch-control device.

This application provides a bioelectrical impedance measurement method, circuit, chip, and electronic device. The method includes: obtaining a first contact impedance value corresponding to a first excitation electrode and a second contact impedance value corresponding to a second excitation electrode through a preset method; determining the transmission direction of an excitation current between the first and second excitation electrodes based on the first and second contact impedance values; controlling the excitation current to transmit between the first and second excitation electrodes according to the transmission direction; determining a target voltage value between a first and second measuring electrode, and calculating the impedance of the measured object based on the target voltage value; wherein the first and second contact impedance values ​​are different. This application can reduce the influence of contact impedance on the bioelectrical impedance measurement results, reduce the measurement error of bioelectrical impedance, and improve the accuracy of bioelectrical impedance measurement.

The invention discloses a low-power-consumption electromagnetic water meter system with dynamic excitation and self-calibration functions, which comprises a sensor layer, a metering board, a main control board and a communication board, and is characterized in that the sensor layer comprises an excitation coil, an electrode pair, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; the metering board comprises an excitation driving circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, a high-precision ADC and a register block, the main control board comprises an embedded processor, an RTC clock, a data storage module and a display screen, and the embedded processor is used for receiving signals and processing and executing tasks according to a pre-written program; the RTC clock is used for providing an accurate and continuous time reference for the embedded processor; the communication board comprises an NB-IoT / 485 / PWM multimode communication interface, when water flow passes through the measuring pipe, the electrode pair generates an induced voltage signal, after the induced voltage signal is converted by the signal conditioning circuit and the high-precision ADC, the main control board optimizes excitation parameters in real time by combining environmental parameters and a cloud platform strategy, and meanwhile, triple calibration is periodically executed to ensure the precision of a signal chain.

The invention discloses a modified electrode with a unique nano structure, a preparation method of the modified electrode and application of the modified electrode in an aqueous organic flow battery, and relates to the technical field of flow batteries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating a carbon-based material, and dipping the pretreated carbon-based material in a preheated metal organic framework material solution; efficient mixed loading of the carbon-based material and the metal organic framework material is realized through ultrasonic action, and then the aqueous organic flow battery electrode is obtained through a multi-stage thermal management process and treatment. The surface of the carbon-based material is finely modified through the metal organic framework material, so that metal atoms can be uniformly distributed and serve as electrochemical active sites, and compared with an original carbon-based material, the electrode has better catalytic performance and electrochemical performance on organic active electrolyte, and the electrochemical performance of the electrode is better than that of the original carbon-based material. And moreover, the rate characteristic, the energy efficiency and the utilization rate of the electrolyte are improved, and a solution is provided for the efficient and long-life aqueous organic flow battery.

The invention provides a solid waste landfill positioning leakage detection device, which takes a matrix type detection network and an acquisition host as a core framework, detection units made of graphene or titanium alloy form a detection unit group according to a membrane upper-membrane lower-membrane corresponding principle, and a matrix distributed electrode pair structure is formed between a solid waste landfill area and a foundation area. The acquisition host applies excitation voltage to the detection unit groups, receives current signals, judges whether leakage occurs or not based on resistance parameters, and determines leakage positions through a three-point positioning principle (the detection unit groups with abnormal resistance parameters are used as vertexes of a right triangle, and leakage point coordinates are calculated in combination with preset Dx and Dy distance parameters and Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd resistance proportions); meanwhile, an anti-corrosion insulating layer (high-density polyethylene) is used for protecting the detection unit, a storage module is used for recording historical data, a communication module is in butt joint with an upper computer, and an alarm module is used for prompting the leakage position in real time, so that a complete leakage detection system is constructed.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and discloses an ablation method for automatically identifying impedance and adjusting an output form, which comprises the following steps: judging the contact state of each electrode pair and tissue by independently monitoring the resistance of each electrode pair and comparing the resistance with a preset threshold value, starting energy output only for the electrode pair which is in effective contact, and starting energy output only for the electrode pair which is in effective contact; therefore, energy is prevented from being released to a non-target region; in the ablation process, the real-time resistance change of the effective electrode pair is continuously tracked, when it is monitored that a preset characteristic inflection point appears on a resistance change curve, the system judges that the point reaches an ideal ablation end point, energy output of the path is independently stopped, excessive ablation is prevented, and in order to guarantee the measurement precision, the system can be used for monitoring the ablation time. Resistance monitoring and pulse electric field output adopt a time division multiplexing technology, and interference of a strong electric field on measurement is avoided. Accurate and independent contact ablation stop closed-loop control is achieved for each ablation target, and the safety and effectiveness of an operation are remarkably improved.

The application discloses a novel lung lobe-shaped magnetic shielding partial discharge detection device and a detection method. The device comprises an isolation transformer, a bushing, a detection electrode and a partial discharge instrument. A single-phase power supply is connected with a reactor in parallel, and then connected with an input end of the isolation transformer. One end of an output end of the isolation transformer is connected with the bushing, and then connected with the detection electrode. The other end of the output end of the isolation transformer is grounded. A grounding end of a to-be-detected lung lobe-shaped magnetic shielding is grounded, and the grounding end of the to-be-detected lung lobe-shaped magnetic shielding is connected with the partial discharge instrument. The to-be-detected lung lobe-shaped magnetic shielding and the detection electrode are correspondingly arranged to form an equivalent capacitor and are coupled and connected. The application can be used to determine whether there is a defect in the lung lobe-shaped magnetic shielding by performing a partial discharge test on the lung lobe-shaped magnetic shielding before the lung lobe-shaped magnetic shielding is assembled into a transformer. The application has the characteristics of high test efficiency and low applied voltage, and greatly improves the first-time pass rate of the transformer product provided with the lung lobe-shaped magnetic shielding.

Using a biosensor including a flow path into which blood containing a target is introduced, an upstream electrode pair disposed in the flow path and having a reagent reacting with the target disposed on either of the electrodes, and a downstream electrode pair disposed at a downstream side of the flow path; the method includes a first detection step of detecting a first introduction of blood as far as the upstream electrode pair; a second detection step of detecting a second introduction of blood as far as the downstream electrode pair; a time measurement step of measuring a time difference from the first introduction to the second introduction; and a measurement step of acquiring the value related to the target based on the time difference by using any two electrodes among the upstream and downstream electrode pair after the second introduction is detected.

The invention relates to the technical field of analysis instrument ionization sources, in particular to a VUV lamp ionization source device with efficient heat dissipation capacity. The device comprises a VUV lamp, a heat dissipation unit, a VUV lamp driving electrode, a driving circuit and an ion guide focusing unit. The heat dissipation unit carries out cooperative heat dissipation on the VUV lamp and the pulse transformer through a fan, and the problems of signal attenuation and device aging caused by temperature rise are solved. The driving electrode adopts a pairwise pairing structure of upper and lower and left and right electrode pairs to form an inclined electric field to prevent ions from bombarding the lamp wall and the light window; the drive circuit is a half-bridge or full-bridge topology, can adjust the pulse frequency and the power supply voltage, and achieves the switching between a high-voltage low-frequency mode and a low-voltage high-frequency mode. The ion guide focusing unit efficiently leads out and separates ions through cooperation of a conical focusing electric field and a conductive film forward electric field. Through four-dimensional innovation of heat dissipation, electrodes, driving and transmission, the stability, the service life and the detection sensitivity of the device are improved, and the device is suitable for analytical instruments such as ion mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry.

The invention provides a preparation method of a semiconductor structure, which comprises the following steps of: forming a glass substrate which is provided with at least M first grooves which are sunken relative to a first surface, filling red fluorescent powder or green fluorescent powder or yellow fluorescent powder in each groove, arranging a water-oxygen isolation layer and a glue bonding layer on the fluorescent powder, and arranging a rough surface on a second surface; forming M chips on the growth substrate, wherein first surfaces of the M chips are provided with a first electrode and a second electrode; bonding the surfaces, on which the electrodes are prepared, of the M chips with the temporary substrate, and removing the growth substrate; the M chips are rearranged into an array of I * J groups of chip modules, and each group of chip modules comprises N chips; transferring the rearranged array into a first groove in the glass substrate and solidifying the rearranged array; a first insulating layer is formed on the surface of a chip on a glass substrate, holes are formed in a first electrode and a second electrode corresponding to the first insulating layer, a conductive interconnection structure is manufactured, the first electrode or the second electrode forms a common electrode, each common electrode corresponds to one chip module, and if the second electrode forms the common electrode, the conductive interconnection structure is manufactured. The common electrode and each first electrode are mutually independent; and cutting the glass substrate to form I * J groups of chip modules.

Apparatuses including spark gap structures for electrical overstress (EOS) monitoring or protection, and associated methods, are disclosed. In an aspect, a spark gap device includes first and second conductive layers formed over a substrate, where the first and second conductive layers are electrically connected to first and second voltage nodes, respectively. The first conductive layer includes a plurality of arcing tips configured to form arcing electrode pairs with the second conductive layer to form an arc discharge in response to an EOS voltage between the first and second voltage nodes. The spark gap device further includes a series ballast resistor electrically connected between the arcing tips and the first voltage node, where the ballast resistor in formed in a metallization layer over the substrate and a resistance of the series ballast resistor is substantially higher than a resistance of the second conductive layer.

Embodiments disclosed in the present document relate to a thermoelectric element and a thermoelectric module and, specifically, to a thermoelectric element and a thermoelectric module for responding to partial disconnection of a thermoelectric element. A thermoelectric element according to an embodiment may comprise: a first substrate; a plurality of first electrodes disposed on the first substrate; a plurality of thermoelectric legs disposed on the first electrodes; a plurality of second electrodes disposed on the thermoelectric legs; and a second substrate disposed on the second electrodes, wherein the thermoelectric legs include: a plurality of outer legs arranged along the outer periphery of the first substrate and connected to each other in series; and a plurality of inner legs arranged inward of the outer legs and connected to each other in series, and the first electrodes include a first terminal electrode pair connected to both ends of the outer legs connected to each other in series.

The utility model relates to the technical field of thermo-acoustic power generation, and provides a low-vibration thermo-acoustic magnetohydrodynamic power generation device which comprises a thermo-acoustic engine and a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generator, and the thermo-acoustic engine comprises an engine assembly and an air reservoir; the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator comprises at least two magnetohydrodynamic power generation channels, every two magnetohydrodynamic power generation channels are symmetrically arranged, one end of each magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel is connected with the engine assembly, the other end of each magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel is connected with the air reservoir, and each magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel is filled with liquid metal. A first magnet and a second magnet are arranged on the outer wall of the magnetofluid power generation channel, and at least one electrode pair is embedded in an insulating layer of the magnetofluid power generation channel and located on the channel wall parallel to the magnetic field direction. In the operation process, force generated by liquid metal flowing, magnetic field interaction and the like counteracts each other in the symmetrical direction, force balance and moment balance are achieved on the whole, and ultralow-vibration operation is achieved.

The utility model discloses a gas sensor detection device which comprises a base, an electrode, a solid electrolysis ring and a ceramic filter, the solid electrolysis ring is arranged in the base; the electrode is arranged in the solid electrolysis ring and is connected with the solid electrolysis ring in a hard pressure contact manner; the electrodes comprise an induction electrode, a counter electrode and a reference electrode; the sensing electrode, the counter electrode and the reference electrode are separated through ribs in the base, and graphene layers and superlattice silver coatings are sequentially attached to the surfaces of the sensing electrode, the counter electrode and the reference electrode; the two ends of the ceramic filter are connected with ribs in the base to form an air inlet channel, and the outer side face of the ceramic filter abuts against the induction electrode. Through type gas detection is adopted, the whole gas flow channel is stable, detection data are more accurate, the graphene layer and the superlattice silver plating layer are sequentially attached to the surface of the electrode, the graphene layer has excellent conductivity and high temperature resistance, the superlattice silver plating layer increases the contact area with gas, and the detection precision is further improved.

Provided is a light-emitting device with high reliability. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode formed on an insulating surface, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an EL layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, one of the first electrode and the second electrode is an anode, and the other is a cathode, the EL layer includes a light-emitting layer, a first layer, and a second layer, the first layer and the second layer are between the light-emitting layer and the cathode, the first layer is between the first electrode and the second layer, the second layer is between the first layer and the second electrode, the light-emitting layer contains a first light-emitting substance and a second light-emitting substance, the first light-emitting substance is a substance capable of converting triplet excitation energy into light emission, the second light-emitting substance is a fluorescent light-emitting substance, the light emission peak wavelength of the first light-emitting substance is shorter than the light emission peak wavelength of the second light-emitting substance, and the GSP_Slope of the second layer is greater than the GSP_Slope of the first layer.

The application discloses a kind of efficient silicon-based water-voltage devices and preparation method thereof, the silicon-based water-voltage device is composed of positive electrode, hole selective transport layer, silicon nanostructure, silicon substrate and negative electrode from top to bottom, the top end part of the silicon nanostructure is embedded in the hole selective transport layer.This application introduces hole selective transport layer in the interface of silicon nanostructure / positive electrode, uses the internal electric field formed by high work function hole selective transport layer in interface to prevent the migration of electron to positive electrode, realizes the selective transport of hole, reduces interface recombination loss to improve charge separation and collection efficiency;At the same time, the hole selective transport layer introduced realizes the transition of silicon nanostructure and positive electrode from point contact to surface contact, reduces the contact resistance of positive electrode interface, further promotes the efficient transport of hole at interface, thereby increases the collection efficiency of electrode to hole, under the synergistic effect of the above, effectively improve the electrical properties of silicon-based water-voltage device.

A vibration sensor is disclosed in which a transducer arrangement (2) excites a mechanical vibration unit (1) for mechanical vibration and / or the transducer arrangement (2) receives mechanical vibration from the mechanical vibration unit (1). The vibration element (10) of the mechanical vibration unit (1) has different expansion dimensions in two orthogonal directions, that is, it has a wide side (11) and a narrow side (12). The transducer arrangement (2) comprises a bimorph driver (20) and four electrodes (5, 6). The four electrodes (5, 6) are separated from each other by two isolation gaps (7) intersecting at right angles. The four electrodes (5, 6) form two electrode pairs, the electrodes (5, 6) of which face each other in the diametrical direction. One respective electrode (5, 6) of one electrode pair is located adjacently between the two electrodes (6, 5) of the other electrode pair. The wide side (11) of the oscillating element (10) is oriented at an angle of 45 DEG to the two isolation gaps (7). An actuation device (8) alternately applies an excitation signal to the two electrode pairs.

The invention provides a laser chamber, a gas laser apparatus, and a manufacturing method of an electronic device. A laser chamber according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a laser chamber of a gas laser device that outputs laser light, the laser chamber being provided with: a container filled with a laser gas; a first electrode extending in a first direction and disposed inside the container; a second electrode extending in the first direction and disposed at a position closer to the inner wall of the container than the first electrode in a state of facing the first electrode in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a fan that causes the laser gas to flow in a discharge space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a plurality of heat pipes disposed on the inner wall of the container; and a plurality of heat exchangers disposed in the container so as to be separated from each other.