43 results about "Tandem cell" patented technology

A battery module with an excellent cooling effect includes a battery unit 194 and a circuit unit 192. The battery unit 194 includes a casing main body 195 having an external frame 195a formed of a plate-like member in a rectangular shape and an internal member 197 supported inside the external frame 195a. A plurality of lithium single cells 202 to 208 are connected in series to form a longitudinal tandem cell 200. A plurality of the tandem cells 200 are disposed on either side of the internal member in parallel, and the entire tandem cells are connected in series by connecting metal fittings that are disposed on either side of the tandem cells 200. A cover 198 with ventilation opening is mounted on the casing main body 195. The circuit unit 192 is disposed on one end of the battery unit 194 and includes a control circuit that detects the voltage of each of the lithium single cells 202 to 208 and transmits the result of detection using a control means.

A tandem cell or photoelectrochemical system for the cleavage of water to hydrogen and oxygen by visible light has two superimposed photocells, both cells being connected electrically. The photoactive material in the top cell is a semiconducting oxide placed in contact with an aqueous solution. This semiconducting oxide absorbs the blue and green part of the solar emission spectrum of a light source or light sources and generates with the energy collected oxygen and protons from water. The not absorbed yellow and red light transmits the top cell and enters a second photocell, the bottom cell, which is mounted, in the direction of the light behind, preferably directly behind the top cell. The bottom cell includes a dye-sensitized mesoporous photovoltaic film. The bottom cell converts the yellow, red and near infrared portion of the sunlight to drive the reduction of the protons, which are produced in the top cell during the photo catalytic water oxidation process, to hydrogen.

The present invention relates to thin film solar cell structures and methods of manufacturing them, particularly tandem cell structures and components thereof. In one aspect there is provided a polycrystalline thin film solar cell structure that is semi-transparent and allows a predetermined wavelength range of light to pass therethrough, in which a bottom semi-transparent conductive layer includes at least one of a ruthenium oxide, an osmium oxide and an iridium oxide. In another aspect there is provided a tandem cell structure in which a top cell bottom contact layer includes at least one of a ruthenium oxide, an osmium oxide and an iridium oxide. In a preferred aspect, the tandem cell structure contains a single contact layer between the absorber layer of the top cell and the absorber layer of the bottom cell. In a particular aspect, this single contact layer is a ruthenium oxide layer.

A photovoltaic element (110) is proposed for conversion of electromagnetic radiation to electrical energy and has a tandem-cell design. The tandem-cell design comprises the following: a dye solar cell (126) with a first electrode (118), an n-semiconductive metal oxide (120), a dye (122) which absorbs electromagnetic radiation in a first spectral range and a solid p-semiconductor (124); and an organic solar cell (130) with an acceptor material (132) and a donor material (134), with the acceptor material (132) and / or the donor material (134) comprising an organic material, with the organic solar cell (130) also comprising a second electrode (138) on a side opposite the dye solar cell (126), with the organic solar cell being designed to absorb electromagnetic radiation in a second spectral range, which is at least partially different from the first spectral range, with the first electrode (118) and / or the second electrode (138) being at least partially transparent for the electromagnetic radiation.

The invention provides a tandem polymer solar cell with a parallel structure. In the solar cell, metals with a high work function such as gold and sliver are taken as a semitransparent anode to extract holes. A p-type metal oxide molybdenum trioxide or tungsten oxide is taken as a hole transport layer at two sides of the anode for connecting an upper sub-cell photosensitive layer and a lower sub-cell photosensitive layer so as to construct a built-in electric field and improve the collection efficiency of a current carrier. The photosensitive layers of an upper sub-cell and a lower sub-cell in the tandem cell are respectively a mixture consisting of a conjugated polymer and a fullerene derivative with different absorption ranges. The two sub-cells are connected in parallel, and short circuit current density of the tandem solar cell is the sum of the short circuit current density of the upper sub-cell and the short circuit current density of the lower sub-cell. By conjugated polymers with the different absorption ranges, the tandem polymer thin film solar cell effectively improves the active sunlight absorption and realizes that the short circuit current is effectively increased to 15 milliampere / square centimeter, thus increasing the maximum energy conversion efficiency of the polymer thin film solar cell to 3.36%.

The invention relates to an overlapping type string welder. The overlapping type string welder comprises a feeding device, a detecting device, a transportation adjusting device, a solder feeding device, an overlapping device and a welding device, wherein the feeding device, the detecting device, the transportation adjusting device, the solder feeding device, the overlapping device and the welding device are arranged along a conveying line; the solder feeding device is used for adding a conductive solder at one end of each cell; the overlapping device is used for overlapping the cells which are processed by the solder feeding device; the overlapping region of adjacent cells is capable of covering the conductive solder; the welding device is used for heating the conductive solder to form cell strings. The overlapping type string welder is capable of realizing an overall production process including welding and discharging of a single cell and tandem cell strings, is relatively high in production efficiency and is capable of satisfying the requirements of large-scale production.

A photovoltaic device comprises an upper cell and a lower cell separated by an electrically insulating layer. The cells and the layers are fabricated as a single monolithic structure, and separate electrical contacts are provided for the upper and lower cells to allow independent extraction of current from each cell. The upper cell has a larger bandgap than the lower cell so that incident low energy photons unabsorbed and unconverted by the upper cell can propagate through to the lower cell for conversion. The two bandgaps can be selected to accommodate spectral' ranges of interest. The device is incorporated into a system including two sources of photons with different wavelength ranges associated with the bandgaps of the two cells, such that each cell can convert photons from one source. One source may be the sun and the other may be a local photon source such as a thermal source. Alternatively, both photon sources may be local sources. Operation of the device can be further optimised and extended by configuring the upper cell as a tandem cell or in a MIMS arrangement, or both.

The invention discloses a multi-battery voltage balance output optimization system used in a wireless sensor network node power management system. The system includes a battery placement module, a programmable matrix switch module, a subsequent charging and voltage stabilization module; the battery placement module is used to place multiple batteries in series to achieve the normal working voltage of the wireless sensor network node; the programmable matrix switch module is used to control and change The connection mode between the batteries, the positive and negative terminals of each battery in the battery placement module are connected with the programmable matrix switch system; Battery connection mode, the operation of the program-controlled matrix switch system is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer, and at the same time output the high voltage in the series battery pack and the voltage of a certain or several series of batteries, and periodically change the voltage borne by a certain or several series of batteries, To achieve the purpose of evenly consuming the power of each battery; the voltage output terminal of the matrix switch system is connected in parallel to the subsequent charging and voltage stabilization module. Ensure that the subsequent sensor equipment has a continuous, stable and reliable power supply.

The present invention relates to an industrial applicable process for the preparation of materials with nanometric dimensions and controlled shape, based on titanium dioxide. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of titanium dioxide nanorods with anatase phase composition, which are highly suitable for applications involving photovoltaic cells, particularly Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC), photoelectrolysis cells and tandem cells for the conversion of solar energy and the production of hydrogen.

A tandem photovoltaic device includes at least two photovoltaic cells stacked in an optical and electrical series relationship. At least one of the tandem cells includes a dual function semiconductor layer fabricated from a dual function semiconductor material. This dual function layer is an electronically active constituent of the cell. The dual function layer also is optically active and creates a reflective condition which redirects a portion of the light which has passed through the cell back through the cell's active layers to photo generate additional photocurrent. Use of the dual function material eliminates the need for incorporating separate semiconductor and reflective layers in a photovoltaic device. Further disclosed are exemplary formulations of some dual function materials.

A method for forming a thin film photovoltaic device. The method includes providing a transparent substrate comprising a surface region. A first transparent electrode layer is formed overlying the surface region. A multilayered structure including a copper material and an indium material is formed overlying a electrode surface region. The multilayered structure is subjected to a plurality of sulfur bearing entities during a rapid thermal process to form an absorber material comprising a copper entity, an indium entity, and a sulfur entity. The rapid thermal process uses a ramp time ranging from about 10 Degrees Celsius / second to about 50 Degrees Celsius / second. In a specific embodiment, the first transparent electrode layer is maintained to a sheet resistance of less than or equal to about 10 Ohms / square centimeters and an optical transmission of 90 percent and greater

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of materials with nanometric dimensions and controlled shape, based on titanium dioxide. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of titanium dioxide nanorods and nanocubes with anatase phase composition, which are highly suitable for photocatalytic use, in particular for applications involving photovoltaic cells, for example Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC), photoelectrolysis cells and tandem cells for the conversion of solar energy and the production of hydrogen.

The invention discloses a tandem cell model, comprising an epidermal cell model and an endothelial cell model, wherein the epidermal cell model and the endothelial cell model are separately inoculated on different semi-permeable membranes. The invention also discloses a preparation method for the tandem cell model and application of the tandem cell model to simulation the process of transferring of a nanometer drug in an intestinal tract. The tandem cell model provides the invention also can simulate an intestinal tract-blood vessel barrier multilayer structure and detect the transferring behaviors and influence of a drug in different single layers of intestinal cells, and has good application prospect and development potential.

The present invention relates to an industrial applicable process for the preparation of materials with nanometric dimensions and controlled shape, based on titanium dioxide. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of titanium dioxide nanorods with anatase phase composition, which are highly suitable for applications involving photovoltaic cells, particularly Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC), photoelectrolysis cells and tandem cells for the conversion of solar energy and the production of hydrogen.

The invention relates to an electrolytic bath system in series and a method for removing bromate in drinking water by using the system thereof, the invention relates to an electrolytic bath system and the method for removing bromate in water. The invention solves the technical problems in present bromate generation minimizing methods of reduced system processing capability, increased post-treatment program, the secondary pollution generated in bromate removing method, expensive electrode material and unstable cathode in a bromate removing electrochemical method. The electrolytic bath system in series of the invention comprises two electrolytic baths in series, the electrolytic bath takes graphite as cathode and carbon felt as anode, an ion-exchange film divides a groove of the electrolytic bath into an anode region and a cathode region; the method comprises the following steps: drinking water required to be treated is introduced into the cathode region of a first electrolytic bath andreacted, water in the cathode region is introduced into the anode region of a second electrolytic bath and reacted, water in the anode region is flowed out, the process of removing bromate in drinking water can be finished. The removal rate of bromate is 75%-82%. The invention is used for treating drinking water.

Disclosed is an organic solar cell which comprises at least one photoactive region which comprises at least one indanthrene compound which is in contact with at least one fullerene compound, and the use of indanthrene compounds in organic photovoltaics, especially in the form of a component cell of a tandem cell.

The invention provides a series electrolytic cell without wire connection, which is formed by connecting a plurality of electrolytic chamber components, and the electrolytic chamber component includes a bottom plate (1) and an open upper frame surrounded by two narrow side walls (2). Both the front and rear edges of the box have overhanging connecting edges (2.1, 2.2) perpendicular to the bottom plate and the two side walls, and connecting holes (3) are distributed on the connecting edges. There is a hollow plate positioning window (5) for placing the electrode plate in the middle of the plate (4); there is a corrosion-resistant pad between the rear connecting edge (2.1) of one electrolytic chamber assembly and the front connecting edge (2.2) of the other electrolytic chamber assembly. The silicone rubber sealing strip (8) is connected with bolts (9) through the connecting holes (3) on the front and rear connecting sides, and multiple electrolytic chamber components are connected in sequence to form a series electrolytic cell with multiple electrolytic chambers. Only the first electrolytic chamber And the last electrolytic chamber is connected with the positive and negative poles of the power supply respectively, and each pole plate positioning window (5) is equipped with a pole plate clamping mechanism. It is a green environmental protection equipment that electrolyzes lead slime in waste batteries to finally obtain electrolytic lead.

The invention provides a triple-junction tandem solar cell based on a multi-pyrrole conjugate macrocycle. The forward structure of the triple-junction tandem solar cell sequentially comprises a transparent glass substrate I, a transparent front electrode I, a hole transport layer I, a first active layer I, a first intermediate layer I, a second active layer I, a second intermediate layer I, a third active layer I, an electron transport layer I and a back electrode I; an inverted structure of the triple-junction tandem solar cell sequentially comprises a transparent glass substrate II, a transparent front electrode II, an electron transport layer II, a first active layer II, a first intermediate layer II, a second active layer II, a second intermediate layer II, a third active layer II, a hole transport layer II and a back electrode II, and sunlight shoots from one side of each transparent glass substrate, firstly penetrates through the substrates and the transparent front electrodes, is absorbed by light absorption materials of all cell units sequentially and reaches the back electrodes finally. The active layer materials adopt conjugate macrocyclic compounds utilizing pyrrolyl as a framework, and the tandem cell has the numerous advantages of applicability of popularization and industrialized mass production.

A high efficiency small molecule tandem solar cell is disclosed. The tandem cell may include a first subcell comprising a first photoactive region and a second subcell comprising a second photoactive region. The first and second photoactive regions are designed to minimize spectral overlap and maximize photocurrent. The device may further include an interconnecting layer, disposed between the first subcell and the second subcell, that is at least substantially transparent.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a perovskite / MWT heterojunction series-parallel composite battery, and relates to the technical field of solar battery production. By introducing MWT back contact technology to connect two series cells in parallel to obtain higher photoelectric conversion efficiency. The series-parallel composite battery includes two perovskite / MWT heterojunction tandem batteries. The front side of the titanite / MWT heterojunction tandem cell is equipped with a front electrode, and the perovskite / MWT heterojunction tandem cell is pierced with a plugging electrode; several positive electrode points are connected to the back electrode layer, and several negative electrode points pass through The plugging electrode is connected to the grid line of the front electrode; the positive electrode point is connected to the conductive lead wire of the positive electrode point, and the negative electrode point is connected to the conductive lead wire of the negative electrode point. The composite battery structure has higher stacking efficiency.

The invention relates to a perovskite / crystalline silicon stacked solar cell structure, comprising: a bottom cell and a perovskite top cell; the bottom cell is a crystalline silicon-PERC bottom cell or a crystalline silicon-PERT bottom cell; The perovskite top battery includes a perovskite battery carrier transport layer A, a perovskite absorption layer, a perovskite battery carrier transport layer B, a transparent conductive film and a top electrode grid line; the top electrode grid line on top of the transparent conductive film. The beneficial effect of the present invention is: this kind of perovskite / crystalline silicon-PREC or perovskite / crystalline silicon-PERT can utilize the production line of present crystalline silicon PREC or PERT solar cell, only need to do a small amount of improvement, can Prepare a good bottom cell, improve the efficiency of solar cells, and reduce the production cost of perovskite / crystalline silicon stacked cells; this structure can form reliable full-surface tunnel junction contacts without rectification effect; the preparation process is fully compatible with existing silicon The battery production method can be uniformly prepared on the whole surface, the process is simple, and the reliability is strong.

The invention discloses a sandwich serial-type PIN-structure alpha irradiation battery and a manufacturing method thereof. The sandwich serial-type PIN-structure alpha irradiation battery and the manufacturing method thereof mainly solve the problems that an existing nuclear battery is low in energy transformation ratio and output power. The sandwich serial-type PIN-structure alpha irradiation battery comprises an upper PIN junction, a lower PIN junction and an alpha radioactive source layer, wherein the upper PIN junction and the lower PIN junction are connected in series. The upper PIN junction sequentially comprises an N-type epitaxial layer ohmic contact electrode, an N-type highly-doped epitaxial layer, a P-type low-doped epitaxial layer, a P-type SiC substrate and a P-type ohmic contact electrode from bottom to top. The lower PIN junction sequentially comprises an N-type ohmic contact electrode, an N-type SiC substrate, an N-type low-doped epitaxial layer, a P-type highly-doped epitaxial layer and a P-type epitaxial layer ohmic contact electrode from bottom to top. The alpha radioactive source layer is clamped between the epitaxial layer ohmic contact electrode of the upper PIN junction and the epitaxial layer ohmic contact electrode of the lower PIN junction, so that high-energy alpha particles are fully utilized. The sandwich serial-type PIN-structure alpha irradiation battery and the manufacturing method thereof have the advantages that the contact area of a radioactive source and a semiconductor is large, the nuclear raw material utilization rate and the energy harvesting rate are high, and the output voltage of the battery is large; the battery can supply electricity to a small circuit enduringly.

The invention discloses a battery module and a method for connecting battery modules in series. The main content is as follows: the battery module is connected with the positive end of a battery bus, the negative end of the battery bus and a battery power-on bus to power external modules and be self-powered; the battery module comprises first to fourth diodes, a first switch, a load, a battery pack, and first to sixth interfaces; and the negative electrode of the battery pack is connected with the negative end of the battery bus through the sixth interface and is connected with the negative end of the load through the fourth diode, and the negative end of the load is connected with the negative end of the battery bus through the fifth interface. As the fourth diode with reverse cut-off characteristic is added between the negative end of the load and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and a wire is added between the negative end of the load and the negative end of a power bus, a plurality of battery modules only take electricity from the battery bus when being connected in series, the discharge currents of the battery modules are consistent, and service life shortening of the battery module is avoided.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of materials with nanometric dimensions and controlled shape, based on titanium dioxide. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of titanium dioxide nanorods and nanocubes with anatase phase composition, which are highly suitable for photocatalytic use, in particular for applications involving photovoltaic cells, for example Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC), photoelectrolysis cells and tandem cells for the conversion of solar energy and the production of hydrogen.

The invention discloses a method for improving open-circuit voltage of an amorphous silicon tandem solar cell, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells. According to the method, a bottom cell P-type layer structure in a conventional amorphous silicon tandem cell is changed to a P-type three-layer structure including a bottom cell amorphous silicon layer P1, a bottom cell amorphous silicon layer P2 and a bottom cell amorphous silicon layer P3; and three layers of structures are amorphous silicon material layers doped with boron and carbon, and the carbon doping amount of the bottom cell amorphous silicon layer P1, the bottom cell amorphous silicon layer P2 and the bottom cell amorphous silicon layer P3 is sequentially increased. Interface contact between a bottom cell and a top cell is improved, and a built-in electric field is enhanced, so that open circuit of the amorphous silicon tandem cell is greatly increased, and meanwhile, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the amorphous silicon tandem cell is improved. Compared with a conventional amorphous silicon tandem solar cell, the open-circuit voltage of the amorphous silicon tandem solar cell is improved by 10.5 V at most with adoption of the method.