The invention provides an LS-SVM (Least squares support vector machine) power cell SOC (State of Charge) estimation method and system, comprising the steps of: I, obtaining a Uoc based on a power cell model and parameters through an FFRLS (Forgetting factor least squares algorithm); II, fitting a Uoc-SOC relation through the FFRLS; III, building an on-line LS-SVM SOC training model; IV, estimating an SOC initial value, and estimating an SOC through an Ah method (Ampere-hour Counting method); and V, correcting and compensating the SOC estimated through the Ah method. In the system, real-time signals of voltage and current sensors access to a microprocessor; processing modules used for executing the method are stored in a program memory, and calculate and directly display real-time SOC estimation values. The method and system can effectively compensate for fitting errors and Ah method accumulative errors, and adjust model parameters on line and in real time, and have the characteristics of fast operation speed, high traceability, and accurate estimation; according to experiments, the SOC estimation precision through the method is high, and the mean absolute error is only 1.28%.