2948 results about "Minimum distance" patented technology

A travel clip is provided for use with a surgical staple cartridge. The travel clip includes a cover having first and second side edges which varying in distance from a centerline of the cover and a longitudinally extending rib projecting perpendicularly along the centerline of the cover. The first and second side edges include areas of maximum distance from the centerline of the cover and areas of minimum distance from the centerline of the cover. The space between adjacent areas of maximum distance from the centerline of the cover provide cutouts or openings for viewing, inspection and verification of structure retained within the surgical staple cartridge.

An intervertebral implant, an installation tool, and related methods are provided for ensuring a minimum distance between two vertebrae. The implant can comprise a pair of opposing body portions and an expansion component. The expansion component can rotate relative to the body portions in order to urge a head portion thereof against one or more inclined contact surfaces of at least one of the body portions. In this manner, the body portions can be separated, thereby increasing a height of the implant. The installation tool can comprise a plurality of components that can be moved relative to each other to facilitate expansion or contraction of the implant.

In order to so improve a surgical system for connecting body tissue, comprising a surgical instrument having two tool elements movable relative to each other, each of which comprises a high-frequency electrode, the high-frequency electrodes, in an approach position of the tool elements, defining a minimum distance from each other, lying opposite each other and facing each other, that an overstretching of connections of parts of body tissue, in particular, made by a flow of current, is avoided when removing the surgical instrument, it is proposed that the instrument comprise a shaft at the distal end of which at least a first one of the tool elements is arranged or formed, and that a second tool element be adapted to be moved from an operating position, in which it is adapted for movement into the approach position, into a removal position and / or vice versa, a surface area of a perpendicular projection of the second tool element onto a projection plane extending perpendicularly to the shaft direction in the region of the second tool element being smaller in the removal position than in the operating position.

An intervertebral implant (25), an installation tool (500), and related methods are provided for ensuring a minimum distance between two vertebrae. The implant (25) can comprise a pair of opposing body portions (1, 2) and an expansion component. The expansion component can rotate relative to the body portions (1, 2) in order to urge a head portion (4) thereof against one or more inclined contact surfaces of at least one of the body portions (1, 2). In this manner, the body portions (1, 2) can be separated, thereby increasing a height of the implant (25). The installation tool (500) can comprise a plurality of components that can be moved relative to each other to facilitate expansion or contraction of the implant (25).

A semiconductor apparatus includes a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type, a base region of a second conductivity type formed on a principal surface of the semiconductor substrate, a trench formed in a periphery of the base region, and an endless source region of the first conductivity type formed on a surface of the base region along the trench. In this semiconductor apparatus, the principal planes on side surfaces of the trench are composed of planes [100] and [110]. The interior angle of intersection of adjacent side surfaces of the trench is 135°. A minimum distance between the base region and the plane [110] facing each other through the source region is shorter than a minimum distance between the base region and the plane [100] facing each other through the source region.

An electrode assembly for neuro-cranial stimulation includes an electrode, a conductive gel, and an adapter including an interior compartment for positioning the electrode relative to the adapter and for receiving and retaining the conductive gel. The conductive gel contacts the electrode along an electrode-gel interface. An orifice at one end of the interior compartment and adjacent to a positioning surface of the adapter for positioning the electrode assembly against a skin surface of a user enables the conductive gel is able to contact the skin surface of the user to define a gel-skin interface, such that a minimum distance between the electrode-gel interface and the gel-skin interface is maintained between 0.25 cm and 1.3 cm. An electrode assembly mounting apparatus is provided for adjustably positioning a plurality of electrode assemblies against target positions on the cranium.

Data collected by a transcranial brain function measuring / stimulating method is accurately projected and displayed onto a brain surface. If there is no three-dimensional head image, data is projected and displayed onto the brain surface of a standard brain. The head surface coordinates are transformed to the brain surface coordinates of the brain surface underlying the head surface by, e.g., a minimum distance search method. The coordinates of a projected point on the brain surface of the head surface and the probability distribution are determined for a standard brain normalized with data on subjects.

Using precoded space multiplexing of limited fed back, the method defines a group of set of precoded matrix (i.e. precoded codebook) known by transmitter and receiver. Using algorithm of channel estimation to obtain current state information of channel, the receiver selects an optimal precoded matrix from precoded codebooks according to minimized principles of trace of mean square error matrix as well as through a feedback channel, feeds index of the precoded matrix back to the transmitter within coherence time of channel. Based on the said index of the precoded matrix, the transmitter obtains the precoded matrix, and then carries out precoded operations on vectors of transmit signal based on the precoded matrix. Precoded codebook can be designed based on maximized principle of minimum distance between two norms of projections of subspaces. Using limited bit number fed back, the invention raises communication performance.

Machine for ground drilling, with a circulating fluid, by the utilization of electric discharge generated by high-voltage pulses between electrodes. It may comprise: —A drill-bit 1 with electrodes movable relative to each other, so that bottom-hole physical contact be secured for all the electrodes 4 on all bottom-hole topographies. —Pointed hydraulic nozzles for jetting the fluid, to remove primary cuttings and with pressure expansion across the nozzles 7 at no less than 4 MPa. —A high-voltage pulse generator deployed down-hole at a minimum distance from the drill-bit 1. —A rotating or oscillating bit causing the borehole cross-sectional excavation to occur, and electric discharge between a plurality of electrodes situated on the bit face along one or a few radii and tangents. —A bottom hole assembly for annular hole-making with core storage, transportation, down-hole closed loop discharge fluid circulation. A discharge fluid storage may be incorporated. A drilling method is also described.

An un-manned airborne vehicle (UAV), for acquiring aeromagnetic data for geophysical surveying at low altitude on land or over water, comprising an extended fuselage that is adapted to hold and maintain magnetometer and a magnetic compensation magnetometer at a minimum distance from the avionics and propulsion systems of the UAV. The magnetometer measures magnetic anomalies and the magnetic compensation magnetometer measures magnetic responses corresponding to the pitch, yaw and roll of the UAV. A data acquisition system stores and removes the magnetic response measurements from the magnetic anomaly measurements. The data acquisition system also stores a survey flight plan and transmits the same to the avionics system. The generator of the UAV is shielded and the propulsion system is stabilized to reduce magnetic and vibrational noises that can interfere with the operation of the magnetometer.

An algorithmic soft-decision decoding method for Reed-Solomon codes proceeds as follows. Given the reliability matrix Pi showing the probability that a code symbol of a particular value was transmitted at each position, computing a multiplicity matrix M which determines the interpolation points and their multiplicities. Given this multiplicity matrix M, soft interpolation is performed to find the non-trivial polynomial Q<HIL><PDAT>M< / SB><PDAT>(X,Y) of the lowest (weighted) degree whose zeros and their multiplicities are as specified by the matrix M. Given this non-trivial polynomial Q<HIL><PDAT>M< / SB><PDAT>(X,Y), all factors of Q<HIL><PDAT>M< / SB><PDAT>(X,Y) of type Y-f(X) are found, where f(X) is a polynomial in X whose degree is less than the dimension k of the Reed-Solomon code. Given these polynomials f(X), a codeword is reconstructed from each of them, and the most likely of these codewords selected as the output of the algorithm. The algorithmic method is algebraic, operates in polynomial time, and significantly outperforms conventional hard-decision decoding, generalized minimum distance decoding, and Guruswami-Sudan decoding of Reed-Solomon codes. By varying the total number of interpolation points recorded in the multiplicity matrix M, the complexity of decoding can be adjusted in real time to any feasible level of performance. The algorithmic method extends to algebraic soft-decision decoding of Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem codes and algebraic-geometry codes.< / PTEXT>

A chip package includes a chip, a carrier, and at least a bump connecting structure for connecting the chip to the carrier. The bump connecting structure includes a first metal bump disposed on a chip pad of the chip and has a first height relative to a passivation layer of the chip, a second metal bump disposed on a carrier pad of the carrier and has a second height relative to a solder mask layer of the carrier, and a middle metal part disposed between the first and the second metal bumps. The sum of the minimum distance between the first and the second metal bumps, the first height of the first metal bump, and the second height of the second metal bump is less than 60 micrometers. The melting point of the middle metal part is lower than that of the first and the second metal bumps.

Apparatuses, systems, and methods for treating oral functions are shown and described. An orthotic dental system for treating oral functions includes an upper dentition orthotic, a lower dentition orthotic, and an articulator system. The articulator system extends between the upper and lower dentition orthotics and can have at least one rigid connector pivotally coupled to the upper dentition orthotic and the lower dentition orthotic. A spacer can be positioned and configured to spatially separate the upper dentition orthotic and the lower dentition orthotic a desired minimum distance. The orthotic dental system can improve various types of oral functions.

A feeding tube apparatus, a kit containing the feed tube apparatus and method for intubating a patient to deliver the feeding tube apparatus to the desired location for delivering nutrients and / or medication are described herein. The feeding tube apparatus (10) contains at least a catheter (20) and a removable stylet (30), where the removable stylet contains one or more magnetic materials (32a-j). In one embodiment, the stylet contains more than one magnetic material in the form of a magnet stack (33). The feeding tube apparatus is used in combination with a suitable external magnet (40) which a medical practitioner can use to guide the feeding tube apparatus (10) through the intestinal tract. Optionally, the feeding tube apparatus contains additional components, such as a spring wire guide. The feeding tube apparatus is inserted into the patient's body and the external magnet (40) is applied to the patient's body within the minimum distance required to create a magnetic field between the external magnet (40) and the magnetic material(s) (32) located at the distal end (34) of the stylet (30) that is sufficiently strong to allow the external magnet to guide the catheter and stylet through the intestinal tract, and into the distal duodenum (470) of the small intestine. Once the catheter is placed in the desired location, the stylet is removed, thereby removing the magnetic material(s) from the feeding tube apparatus. This allows for the catheter to remain in place while the patient undergoes diagnostic testing, such as magnetic resonance imaging.

A fibrous product (10, 20, 20b, 30), especially tissue paper product, non-woven products or a hybrid thereof, and preferably hygiene and cleaning product has at least one first ply (42; 62; 84; 104) with at least one embossing pattern including embossed depressions starting from a base plane of the ply; the embossed pattern being characterized by the following features: the embossing pattern has a minimum motive surface area of at least 3 cm×3 cm; the pattern includes a high number of embossed depressions which are sized and / or positioned such as to form a motive element covering the motive surface area; wherein at least some of the embossed depressions are sized and / or positioned such that minimum distances between pairs of consecutively arranged embossed depression vary. A method for producing such a fibrous product is also described.

A vehicle system includes a user interface device and an autonomous mode controller. The user interface device receives a user input representing a driving mode selection. The autonomous mode controller commands one or more vehicle subsystems to operate in accordance with characteristics associated with the driving mode selection. Examples of characteristics can include how aggressively the vehicle accelerates or decelerates, a minimum distance from the vehicle to a front vehicle, or how frequently the vehicle changes lanes, among others.

The present invention relates to an analysis tool (1) including a reaction space (6) for holding a sample liquid and in which a reagent portion (33) is disposed. The reagent portion (33) is constituted so as to dissolve when a sample liquid is held in the reaction space (6). Part of the reaction space (6) is defined by first and second surfaces (31c and 5a) opposite each other. The facing distance (H1) between the first and second surfaces (31c and 5a) is no greater than 45 μm. The facing distance (H1) is, for example, the minimum distance from the upper surface (31c or 32c) of a first or second electrode (31 or 32) to the portion (5a) of a second plate (5) that faces the upper surface (31c or 32c) of the electrode (31 or 32).

A method for generating a 3D model for a restoration is operative in a computer having a display. The method begins by obtaining a 3D model of the preparation. The preparation model may be obtained by an operator using a 3D digitizer. A “margin” curve on the preparation model is then determined. The method then continues by selecting a given 3D restoration cap model from a set of such models, where the set includes cap models that vary by one or more characteristics such as type, age, sex and ethnicity. The restoration cap model has a cap edge curve. According to the invention, the method then continues by fitting the restoration cap model over the preparation model (on the computer display) so that a minimum distance between the restoration cap and the restoration model is greater than a given minimum material thickness. The restoration cap model is then reshaped or otherwise scaled as necessary so that the restoration cap edge curve is related to the margin curve in a predetermined manner. In particular, preferably the cap edge curve is related to the margin curve by an angle from vertical that is equal or substantially equal to a given emergence angle at each point along the curve. To complete the model, a side surface is then created, preferably by lofting a surface from the margin curve to the cap edge curve.

A chip package includes a chip, a carrier, and at least a bump connecting structure for connecting the chip to the carrier. The bump connecting structure includes a first metal bump disposed on a chip pad of the chip and has a first height relative to a passivation layer of the chip, a second metal bump disposed on a carrier pad of the carrier and has a second height relative to a solder mask layer of the carrier, and a middle metal part disposed between the first and the second metal bumps. The sum of the minimum distance between the first and the second metal bumps, the first height of the first metal bump, and the second height of the second metal bump is less than 60 micrometers. The melting point of the middle metal part is lower than that of the first and the second metal bumps.

A method of building systematically a multi-dimensional (n, D, L) circular trellis coded modulation (CTCM) encoder with properties of optimal energy efficiency, strong tail biting and maximum minimum distance (dmin) of trellis paths is disclosed. In addition, a communication system for use in a power limited channel application is disclosed comprising a circular trellis coded modulation (CTCM) encoder with permuted state structure for encoding based on a circular trellis path associated with a sequence of digital information bits and a set of simplexes identified for the path from a multi-dimensional signal constellation; a transmitter coupled to said CTCM encoder for transmitting said sequence of channel symbols over said channel; a receiver for receiving a transmission from said transmitter including said sequence of channel symbols and any noise induced therein; and a CTCM decoder coupled to said receiver for decoding the received transmission without knowledge of the starting state of the circular trellis path of the CTCM encoder to recover the sequence of information bits. Apparatus and methods of encoding and decoding are also disclosed utilizing a combination of circular trellis-coded modulation with permuted state structure and simplex signal constellation techniques for use in the digital communication system.

A system and method of assigning access privileges in a social network includes a first step (100) of determining a vector of social network characteristics of a member of the social network. A next step (102) includes computing a distance between vectors of social network characteristics of the member and other members of the social network already having defined access privileges. An optional next step (104) includes deciding whether the distance is less than a threshold. A next step (106) includes assigning the member the same access privilege of another member of the social network having the smallest distance from the vector of the member.

An absorbent article 10 has front 12, crotch 14 and rear 16 portions. The article has an absorbent core 18 of unitary construction and of uniform density, which is defined by a pair of opposing longitudinal edges 20;22 and a pair of opposing transverse edges 24;26. The absorbent core 18 has at least a first 28 and a second 30 region, the average thickness of the absorbent core 18 in these first and second regions 28, 30 being lower than the average thickness of the absorbent core 18 surrounding the first and second regions 28;30, the first and second lower thickness regions 28;30 being arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal center line A of the article such that each of the first and second lower thickness regions 28;30 extends to the respective longitudinal edge 20;22 of the absorbent core. The distance ax between the first and second lower thickness regions 28;30 in the transverse direction varying along the longitudinal direction of the article. A minimum distance a1 between the first and second lower thickness regions 28;30 in the transverse direction is located at least in the transition 32 between the crotch portion 14 and the front portion 12. The article provides good, secure fit and high comfort to the wearer.

A tool for cutting or slitting the tubular sheath of a guide-catheter in the presence of a lead placed in this sheath. The tool (10) has a flattened, substantially planar blade holder body (12) with a cutting area (14) and a prehension area (16). The cutting area has a blade (18) and a tubular guide (22) receiving the lead for isolating it from the guide-catheter. The prehension area (16) has on a first side (30) an area for receiving the thumb and a lead holding pathway (68) spreading in the continuation of the tubular guide following an overall orientation forming an angle with this guide. The thumb reception area has a concave footprint (34) crossed through and through by the lead holding pathway (68), which spreads in the prehension area following an “S” shaped curve having a first curved area (74) and a second counter-curved area (76). The minimal distance between the blade (18) and the contour of the first footprint (34) is to the most equal to 15-20 mm.

The auxiliary device includes vision sensor, microprocessor in use for carrying out aided decision making for parking, and display unit in use for displaying situation around vehicle. Being connected to microprocessor, the vision sensor is all-directional vision sensor. The microprocessor includes image display unit, scaling module for sensor, image expansion module, module for detecting edges of obstructers around vehicle, module for calculating minimum distance to edges of obstructers around vehicle, module for alarming obstructers, and back running knowledge base etc. The invention provides visual images around vehicle, gives hint of turning angle of steering wheel to driver so as to assistant procedure for driver to run back vehicle.

Provided are a multi-dimensional detector for a receiver of an MIMO system and a method thereof. The multi-dimensional detector includes a first symbol detecting unit for calculating symbol distance values using an upper triangular matrix (R) obtained from QR decomposition to detect an mth symbol; a symbol deciding unit for deciding a symbol having a minimum distance value among the calculated symbol distance values from the first symbol detecting unit; and a second symbol detecting unit for calculating symbol distance values using an updated received signal y and the upper triangular matrix R to detect a (m−1)th symbol.

Road height values for a road network area are generated based on locations of junctions and stacking orders of roads in junctions in which at least one road passes over another road. A cost function can be optimized to obtain height values for each road of each junction. The cost function can be constrained such that roads of the grade separated crossings satisfy the stacking order designated for the roads and to have a minimum distance between roads having consecutive stacking order values. The obtained height values can be used for rendering a three-dimensional map of a part of the road network area.

A heat treatable 7000 series aluminum alloy has a micro-structure with a crystal grain size of 45 mu m or less and an aspect ratio (longitudinal / long transverse ratio of crystal grain) of preferably 4 or less, whereby its corrosion resistance is improved outstandingly by applying a solution heat treatment and hardening and subsequently, applying an aging treatment at 100 to 145 DEG C. for 5 to 50 hr, a reversion treatment at 140 to 195 DEG C. for 0.5 to 30 hr. and a re-aging treatment at 100 to 145 DEG C. for 5 to 50 hr. to thereby make an electroconductivity to 38-40 IACS %, and render the micro-structure so as to have a minimum distance for the eta phase on the crystal grain boundary of 20 nm or more and a maximum size for the eta ' phase in the crystal grain of 20 nm or less.

Method for modeling the performance of an Information Technology system are disclosed. The method includes the steps of receiving performance data of the system; receiving data of transaction flows and system topology; and inferring service demand parameters based on the received data. If closed form expressions are available to characterize the system, an optimization algorithm based on minimum distance between predicted and measured response times and may be used to obtain the performance parameters. Alternatively, a discrete event simulator together with a set of meta-heuristic search methods may be applied to obtain the optimized performance parameters.

The invention discloses an image searching method, which comprises a training part and a searching part, wherein the training part comprises the following steps of: the extraction of characteristic points, the supplementation of the characteristic points and the determination of matching relationships, the generation of similar point set, the clustering of the characteristic point sets and the generation of characteristic vectors of each image in an image database; and the searching part comprises the following steps of: extracting the characteristic points of a picture to be retrieved and generating the characteristic point sets; calculating distances between each characteristic point descriptor vector and corresponding cluster centers, and determining a cluster where a current characteristic point belongs by using a smallest distance; calculating the frequency ni of each cluster where the characteristic points of the picture to be retrieved belong; based on the frequency ni of the clusters where the characteristic points of the picture to be retrieved belong, and the probability logarithm wi of each cluster, generating and unitizing the characteristic vector; and calculating Euler distances between the characteristic vector of the picture to be retrieved and the characteristic vectors of each image in a picture library, and selecting the image output with the smallest distance as a searching result.