2182 results about "Nerve cells" patented technology

The present invention provides compositions and methods for light-activated cation channel proteins and their uses within cell membranes and subcellular regions. The invention provides for proteins, nucleic acids, vectors and methods for genetically targeted expression of light-activated cation channels to specific cells or defined cell populations. In particular the invention provides millisecond-timescale temporal control of cation channels using moderate light intensities in cells, cell lines, transgenic animals, and humans. The invention provides for optically generating electrical spikes in nerve cells and other excitable cells useful for driving neuronal networks, drug screening, and therapy.

An artificial neural network calculating device for sparse connection comprises a mapping unit used for converting input data into the storage mode that input nerve cells and weight values correspond one by one, a storage unit used for storing data and instructions, and an operation unit used for executing corresponding operation on the data according to the instructions. The operation unit mainly executes three steps of operation, wherein in the first step, the input nerve cells and weight value data are multiplied; in the second step, addition tree operation is executed, the weighted output nerve cells processed in the first step are added level by level through an addition tree, or the output nerve cells are added with offset to obtain offset-added output nerve cells; in the third step, activation function operation is executed, and the final output nerve cells are obtained. By means of the device, the problems that the operation performance of a CPU and a GPU is insufficient, and the expenditure of front end coding is large are solved, support to a multi-layer artificial neural network operation algorithm is effectively improved, and the problem that memory bandwidth becomes a bottleneck of multi-layer artificial neural network operation and the performance of a training algorithm of the multi-layer artificial neural network operation is solved.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for light-activated cation channel proteins and their uses within cell membranes and subcellular regions. The invention provides for proteins, nucleic acids, vectors and methods for genetically targeted expression of light-activated cation channels to specific cells or defined cell populations. In particular the invention provides millisecond-timescale temporal control of cation channels using moderate light intensities in cells, cell lines, transgenic animals, and humans. The invention provides for optically generating electrical spikes in nerve cells and other excitable cells useful for driving neuronal networks, drug screening, and therapy.

The invention concerns agonist anti-trkC monoclonal antibodies which mimic certain biological activities of NT-3, the native ligand of trkC. The invention further concerns the use of such antibodies in the prevention and / or treatment of cellular degeneration, including nerve cell damage associated with acute nervous cell system injury and chronic neurodegenerative diseases, including peripheral neuropathy.

The instant disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The disclosure includes compositions and methods based on muscarinic receptor modulation, such as via inhibition of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, alone or in combination with another neurogenic agent to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

Cells which may be differentiated at least into nerve cells, which are useful for therapies of brain metabolic diseases, are disclosed. The cells are side population cell separated from human amniotic mesenchymal cell layer, in which expressions of Oct-4 gene, Sox-2 gene and Rex-1 gene are observed by RT-PCR, and which are vimentin-positive and CK19-positive in immunocytostaining.

Substituted piperidine compounds represented by the structure I are provided,wherein each of R1a, R1b, R1c, R1d, R1e, R1f, R1g, R1h, R2, R2A, R3, R4, A, X, a, x and n is as defined in the specification. Substituted piperidine compounds of structure I may permeate or penetrate across a nerve cell membrane into the interior of a nerve cell, may inhibit intracellular Rho kinase enzyme found in nerve cells in mammals, and may find utility in repair of damaged nerves in the central and peripheral nervous system of such mammals. These compounds may induce the regeneration or growth of neurites in mammalian nerve cells and may thereby induce regeneration of damaged or diseased nerve tissue. These compounds also find additional utility as antagonists of the enzyme Rho kinase in treatment of disease states in which Rho kinase is implicated. Pharmaceutical compositions containing these substituted piperidine compounds may be useful to promote neurite growth and in the treatment of diseases in which Rho kinase inhibition is indicated.

The present invention identifies biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury, organ injury, and / or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

The invention discloses a Chinese question-answering system based on a neural network, which comprises a user interface module, a question word pre-segmentation module, a nerve cell pre-tagging module, a learning and training module, a nerve cell knowledge base module, a semantic block identification module, a question set index module and an answer reasoning module. The system comprises the steps of: firstly adopting an SIE encoding mode to encode the in-vocabulary words of the semantic block according to corresponding position, later converting an identification problem of the question semantic block into a tagging classification problem, and then adopting a classification model based on the neural network to determine the semantic structure of the question, and finally combing the semantic structure of the question to realize the question similarity computation based on the neural network and comparing the weight of various semantic features of the question by extracting the tagged semantic features of the question, thereby providing a basis for final answer reasoning. The Chinese question-answering system integrates the syntax, the semantics and the contextual knowledge of the question and can simulate the process that human beings process the sentence.

Substituted piperidine compounds represented by the structure I are provided, wherein each of R1a, R1b, R1c, R1d, R1e, R1f, R1g, R1h, R2, R2A, R3, R4, A, X, a, x and n is as defined in the specification. Substituted piperidine compounds of structure I may permeate or penetrate across a nerve cell membrane into the interior of a nerve cell, may inhibit intracellular Rho kinase enzyme found in nerve cells in mammals, and may find utility in repair of damaged nerves in the central and peripheral nervous system of such mammals. These compounds may induce the regeneration or growth of neurites in mammalian nerve cells and may thereby induce regeneration of damaged or diseased nerve tissue. These compounds also find additional utility as antagonists of the enzyme Rho kinase in treatment of disease states in which Rho kinase is implicated. Pharmaceutical compositions containing these substituted piperidine compounds may be useful to promote neurite growth and in the treatment of diseases in which Rho kinase inhibition is indicated.

An in vivo face detection method based on a convolutional neural network relates to the machine learning and mode identification field, and is provided to face a cheat problem in the face identification. A conventional face identification technology is very easy to attack, the attackers frequently copy the faces of the legal users by the methods, such as the photographs, the videos, the 3D models, etc., if a face identification system can not distinguish the real faces and the fake faces effectively, the invaders can pass the face identification system very easily by the fake identities. Based on the problem, the present invention provides the in vivo face detection method based on the convolutional neural network. The convolutional neural network in the method provided by the present invention is realized based on a cuda_convnet framework, the network structure comprises four convolutional layers of two max-pooling layers, one full connection layer and one soft_max layer, and the soft_max layer comprises two nerve cells used for predicting the probability distribution of the real and fake faces.

The instant disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The disclosure includes compositions and methods based on an HDac inhibitory agent alone or in combination with another neurogenic agent to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

The present invention identifies biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury and / or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

PCT No. PCT / JP97 / 01828 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 30, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 30, 1998 PCT Filed May 29, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 45410 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 4, 1997The invention provides novel benzindole derivatives, processes for producing them, as well as a neuroprotective agent, an agent to prevent or treat diseases involving the degeneration, retraction or death of neurons, and an analgesic, each containing the benzindole derivatives as an active ingredient.

A neural-stimulating device for stimulating nerve cells of a recipient is provided. The neural-stimulating device comprises an electromagnetic radiation source configured to generate one or more optical stimulation signals and an electrical stimulation generator configured to generate electrical stimulation signals. The neural-stimulating device also comprises an implantable stimulating assembly configured to be implanted in the recipient, and having disposed thereon an optical contact to deliver the one or more optical stimulation signals to the nerve cells, and an electrical contact to deliver the electric stimulation signals to the nerve cells.

A balancing exercise device for an individual, having a flexible hemisphere having a flat circular surface and a hemispherical side surface and being made out of flexible resilient material which will compress when placed under pressure and pair of attachment straps respectively affixed on oppositely disposed sides of the hemispherical side surface and which are connected by connecting members respectively located on each attachment strap so that a body part is held against said flat circular surface when the attachment straps are connected. When each hemispherical side surface is respectively placed against an immovable object and each respective body part is respectively pressed against the flat circular surface of the flexible hemisphere to which it is attached, constant variations of movement in any and all directions of the hemisphere surface puts different stretch on the tendons, muscles, ligaments and joints and thereby stimulates increased numbers of proprioceptors and nerve cells of the body parts and further thereby creates more activation of the muscles and causes the body parts to be exercised completely and evenly.

The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for delivering agents to target cells or tissues, for example nerve cells and other cells in the central nervous system. The compositions and methods are useful for delivering agents across the blood-brain barrier. The present invention also provides methods of using the compositions provided by the present invention to deliver agents, for example therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurologically related disorders.

The invention relates to the technology of integrated circuits and the field of artificial intelligence, and especially relates to an artificial neural network processor (ANNP) integrated circuit. The integrated circuit comprises a state control module, a data control module, a parameter control module, and a nerve cell operation array module. The state control module is used for detecting the working states of the data control module, the parameter control module, and the nerve cell operation array module. After the working states of all modules are detected, the state control module generates a current process state of the whole integrated circuit, and controls the data control module, the parameter control module and the nerve cell operation array module to work synchronously. The integrated circuit is simple in structure, greatly improves the operation performance, and effectively reduces the demands for data access bandwidth. The invention also discloses an integrated circuit design method for the ANNP integrated circuit.

The invention provides a process for preparing biocompatible directional carbon nanotube array reinforced composite hydrogel, which utilizes the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique, the radial cross linking technique and a freezing and thawing method. By permeating polymer sol into a carbon nanotube prefabricated body, aggregating and tangling problems during a compounding process of the carbon nanotube and polymer are resolved, boundary strength of a reinforcing phase and a basis phase is increased, and excellent performances of the nanotube on mechanics and electricity are played sufficiently. The composite hydrogel prepared by utilizing a physical cross linking process does not contain chemical additives and meets requirements on biocompatibility. The composite hydrogel prepared by the process has controllable length and direction of the reinforcing phase of a nanotube array, has integrated mechanics and electricity performances superior to those of the conventional hydrogel,and is adoptive to be applied to the biomedical field such as artificial articular cartilages, tissues engineering supports, nerve cell carries, biomimetic implanted electrode and the like.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for enhancing cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. According to the method, Ca++ influx into excitatory neurons (nerve cells) is decreased by treatment with a number of different agents including divalent cations (e.g., Mg++), GABAB agonists, GABAA agonists, calcium channel blockers, and / or compounds that decrease action potential firing such as sodium channel blockers. Decreasing Ca++ influx results in increased synaptic plasticity and enhanced cognitive function. In particular, decreasing Ca++ influx associated with uncorrelated neural activity results in long-lasting increases in synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. This is achieved by administration of agents that cause a voltage-dependent block of NMDA receptors (e.g., divalent cations such as Mg++) or by administration of GABAB agonists such as baclofen. The invention further provides screening methods useful in identifying compounds that enhance synaptic plasticity and cognitive function.

A unique DHA product, 10, 17S-docosatriene (“Neuroprotectin D1” or “NPD1”), was found to provide surprisingly effective neuroprotection when administered right after an experimental stroke. Moreover, both nerve cells and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were found to synthesize 10,17S-docosatriene (NPD1) from DHA. NPD1 also potently counteracted H2O2 / TNFα oxidative stress-mediated cell apoptotic damage. Under the same oxidative-stress conditions, NPD1 up-regulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and decreased expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins, Bad and Bax. Moreover, in RPE cells NPD1 inhibited oxidative stress-induced caspase-3 activation, IL-1β-stimulated human COX-2 promoter expression, and apoptosis due to N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E). Overall, NPD1 protected both nerve and retinal pigment epithelial cells from cellular apoptosis and damage due to oxidative stress. NPD1 concentration in the brain of Alzheimer's patients was found to be significantly decreased from that of controls. In cultured human brain cells, NPD1 synthesis was up-regulated by neuroprotective soluble β amyloid, and NPD1 was found to inhibit secretion of toxic β amyloid peptides.

The present invention relates to placenta tissue-derived multipotent stem cells and cell therapeutic agents containing the same. More specifically, to a method for producing placenta stem cells having the following characteristics, the method comprising culturing amnion, chorion, decidua or placenta tissue in a medium containing collagenase and bFGF and collecting the cultured cells: (a) showing a positive immunological response to CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105, and showing a negative immunological response to CD31, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR; (b) showing a positive immunological response to Oct4 and SSEA4; (c) growing attached to plastic, showing a round-shaped or spindle-shaped morphology, and forming spheres in an SFM medium so as to be able to be maintained in an undifferentiated state for a long period of time; and (d) having the ability to differentiate into mesoderm-, endoderm- and ectoderm-derived cells. Also the present invention relates to placenta stem cells obtained using the production method. The inventive multipotent stem cells have the ability to differentiate into muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells, osteogenic cells, nerve cells, satellite cells, fat cells, cartilage-forming cells, osteogenic cells, or insuline-secreting pancreatic β-cells, and thus are effective for the treatment of muscular diseases, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, nervous diseases, diabetes and the like, and are useful for the formation of breast tissue.

The invention discloses an artificial nerve graft prepared by electrostatic spinning and a preparation method and a special device thereof, and a product is a catheter-shaped nerve graft which is prepared from polymers by an electrostatic spinning method and consists of nano-fibers. The used materials of the product are all degradable materials and have good biocompatibility with human bodies. Theprepared product does not contain heterotoxin or side-effect substances introduced by a preparation process. A three dimensional structure with plentiful micropores is arranged on a conduit wall, provides a necessary approach for transporting nutritive substances needed in the growth process of nerve cells, has good use effect and provides a necessary induction function and a necessary growing space for the growth of the nerve cells.

Electrical pulses are applied to tissue in a manner which destroys targeted cells such as cancerous cells while sparing non-targeted cells such as nerve cells. The electrical pulses are controlled within ranges for voltage, wattage and duration of application. Multiple pulses or groups of pulses may be applied to obtain a desired result while maintaining any temperature increase below a level which destroys cells.

A stimulation apparatus using low intensity focused ultrasound, which has a low intensity ultrasound focusing array having a plurality of transducers for outputting low intensity ultrasound beams, and a fixing device to which the low intensity ultrasound focusing array is attached, the fixing device being configured to fix the low intensity ultrasound focusing array to an upper body of a user. The low intensity ultrasound beams outputted from the transducers are focused to at least one focus. The focus is positioned to a spinal cord of the user or nerves around the spinal cord so that low intensity ultrasound stimulation is applied to the spinal cord or nerve cells of the nerves around the spinal cord.

The invention provides a face recognition method based on a convolutional neural network. The face recognition method comprises the following steps: carrying out necessary pretreatment at early stage on a facial image to obtain an ideal facial image; selecting the ideal facial image as the input of the convolutional neural network to enter U0, wherein the output of the U0 enters UG, and the output of the UG is taken as the input of US1; extracting edge components in different directions in an input image as first-time feature extraction and outputting to the input of special UC1 through supervised training by the S nerve cell of the US1; taking the output of the UC1 as the input of US2, completing the second-time feature extraction by the US2 and taking as the input of UC2; taking the output of the UC2 as the input of US3, and completing the third-time feature extraction by the US3 and taking as the input of UC3; taking the output of the UC3 as the input of US4, and obtaining the weight, threshold value and neuron plane number in each layer in a supervision competitive learning mode by the US4 and taking as the input of the UC4; taking the UC4 as the output layer of the network, and outputting the final mode recognition result of the network determined by the maximum output result of the US4. According to the face recognition method, the recognition rate of faces in complex scenarios can be improved.

The instant disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The invention includes compositions and methods based on modulation angiotensin activity to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

The invention discloses a microelectrode array chip for multi-parameter detection of nerve cells and a preparation method thereof, relating to a sensor technology. The chip consists of seven parts including an insulating base, a microelectrode array, counter electrodes, reference electrodes, electrode leads, contacts, a superficial insulating layer and a modification material, wherein the electrodes are prepared by using a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) process, and a specific nano-composite material and enzymes are modified at fixed points on the surfaces of the electrodes. The nerve cells are cultivated on the surfaces of modified working electrodes, and by combining the counter electrodes and the reference electrodes, the microelectrode array chip can be used for detecting electrophysiological signals of the nerve cells and electrochemical signals of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, acetyl choline and the like in real time at the same time, and has a function of applying electrical stimulation to the nerve cells. The microelectrode array chip integrates functions, modifies a material at fixed points, is convenient to use, and is suitable for culturing the nerve cells and making related research on multi-parameter detection of the nerve cells in laboratories.

The present invention is directed to a combination of therapeutic compounds and treatment methods and kits using the combination. In particular, one of the combination affects the NCca-ATP channel of neural tissue, including neurons, glia and blood vessels within the nervous system. Exemplary SUR1 and / or TRPM4 antagonists that inhibit the NCca-ATP channel may be employed in the combination. The combination therapy also employs one or more of a non-selective cation channel blocker and / or an antagonist of VEFG, NOS, MMP, or thrombin. Exemplary indications for the combination therapy includes the prevention, diminution, and / or treatment of injured or diseased neural tissue, including astrocytes, neurons and capillary endothelial cells, that is due to ischemia, tissue trauma, brain swelling and increased tissue pressure, or other forms of brain or spinal cord disease or injury, for example. In other embodiments, there are methods and compositions directed to antagonists of TRPM4, including at least for therapeutic treatment of traumatic brain injury, cerebral ischemia, central nervous system (CNS) damage, peripheral nervous system (PNS) damage, cerebral hypoxia, or edema, for example.